1. Learning word formation is the most effective way to increase vocabulary. In English disyllabic words, most of them are composed of roots with prefixes, roots with suffixes or roots with prefixes and suffixes. The root is the basic meaning of this word. If you master dozens of common roots and affixes, you can infer the meanings of dozens or even hundreds of words you have never seen before. For example, the root of the word audible is audio, which means "listening", and able is the suffix of adjectives. If they are put together, it means "audible". Another example is the word "inaudible". As long as the prefix in is negative, it is not difficult to guess the meaning of this word.
2. To expand vocabulary and strengthen vocabulary learning through reading, we must first expand the breadth and depth of vocabulary learning. The so-called "breadth" means constantly expanding vocabulary through extensive reading. When my vocabulary reaches a certain level, I insist on reading some magazines, newspapers, novels and other reading materials in my spare time every day. When choosing reading materials, we should pay attention to choosing short reading materials that are novel, interesting and close to life, and the amount of new words should be moderate. When reading, you must read word for word, and you are not afraid to look it up in the dictionary. "Depth" refers to mastering the usage, collocation, meaning, synonyms and synonyms of common words as much as possible. Especially those commonly used basic words (such as verbs, prepositions, etc. ) has a variety of usages and meanings, and has strong collocation ability. However, learning vocabulary can not be rote in isolation, but should be understood according to certain sentences or contexts.
3. According to the context, the narrow context is the language environment before and after the word, phrase, sentence or paragraph. Broadly speaking, it also includes the time, place, things around and the way of communication between the speaker and the listener. With the help of context, we can also infer the meaning of some words. For example, in "Mary is decisive, but she can't make up her mind." We can infer the decisive meaning by "namely", which is an important sign to infer the meaning of some new words. To give another example, "the pier protects the port-a wall that extends into the water." The content after the dash explains the meaning of jetty, and the dash is also a useful symbol to infer the meaning of the word. In addition, in articles written by comparative method, we can infer the meaning of some new words by comparing contexts.
4. The meaning of words is not isolated, so it is one of the ways to learn and master words to develop the habit of finding clues that are helpful to understanding in connection with the context and cultivate the ability of logical reasoning or speculation.
5. Learn words while listening. When practicing listening, you will inevitably encounter some incomprehensible words. In this case, try to guess the meaning from the context of the article, then look it up in the dictionary or use other methods.
6. Use associative synonyms and synonym groups to enlarge vocabulary.
7. Enlarge vocabulary by associating similar words.
8. Use polysemy to enlarge vocabulary.
9. Use words with similar spelling to enlarge vocabulary. Such as: games, fame, home, the lame, the same.
Of course, there are many ways to enlarge your vocabulary. All these methods need to make use of various opportunities to get in touch with English and listen and read English a lot. If we can combine various methods and pay attention to summing up our own experience, we will be able to quickly overcome the obstacles of insufficient vocabulary and improve our comprehensive English ability while expanding our vocabulary. The following detailed summary into six memory methods:
First, the pronunciation rules memory method
Memorize according to the pronunciation rules of vowels, vowel combinations, consonants and consonant combinations in open syllables and closed syllables. For example, ea, ee, er, ir, ur, or can pronounce [I:] [:] respectively. There are also some fixed letter combinations [ti] on, such as: ting [] or [t], ture [t], ing [i], ly [[Li]], ty [ti] and various prefixes and suffixes, such as: a-, re-, un-, dis-, im-; -ed, -ing, -ly, -er, -or, -ful, -y and so on all have their relatively fixed pronunciations. By mastering these rules, you don't have to remember words letter by letter.
Two. Alphabetic mnemonics
English words are based on a certain word. Adding, subtracting and sandhi, a letter becomes another new word. The specific method is as follows:
1. Put a letter in front of it. For example:
Does his ear approach/hear/read the bread?
2. Add letters after it. For example:
Hear the heart, you, your flat planet.
3. Add letters in the middle. For example:
Although passed, tree three is four.
4. Subtract letters. For example:
She he, closed lost, started to start.
5. change letters. For example:
Book reading/cooking, cake lake/wake up/make/take away
6. Adjust the letters (that is, change the alphabetical order). For example:
Blowing bowls, singing labels, from the form
3. Associative memory method
In daily life, you can associate related English words according to your environment, what you see and what you come into contact with. For example, when playing ball, it is associated with: ball, (playing) basketball, (playing) football, (playing) volleyball, playground, etc. If you stick to the next branch for a long time, the effect will be very good.
Four. Classified memory method
In the process of memorizing, all the words you have learned are summarized, classified and sorted out to make them clear, and then memorized separately. For example:
1. Classified by subject. For example, nouns are divided into daily necessities, animals, plants, fruits, food, family members, various parts of the human body, learning tools, disciplines, means of transportation, places, weeks, months and seasons. Verbs are divided into copula verbs, auxiliary verbs, action verbs, modal verbs and so on.
2. According to homophonic classification. For example, look at the sea, write on the right, and meet meat.
3. Classify the words according to their shapes. For example: three-there, four-yours, quite-quiet.
4. Classify by synonyms. For example: big-large, hard-different, begin-start.
5. Classification of antonyms. For example: right-wrong, young-old, come-go.
6. Classification by pronunciation. For example, the letter combination ea in eat, meat and teacher [I:]; And reading [e] in bread, ready and heavy; Read during the big break. This not only memorizes the words, but also grasps the pronunciation.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) word formation mnemonic method
Master some knowledge of word formation and increase your vocabulary. English word formation mainly has the following three situations:
1. This method is to add a prefix or suffix to a root to form another new word, which is closely related to the meaning of this root. Such words are called derivatives. For example, the commonly used prefixes in-, im-, un-, dis- and so on. Express negative meaning; Suffixes -er, -or, -ist, etc. Designated person; And suffixes -y, -ly, -ful, etc. Expressing adjectives and so on. Such as: like-dislike, teacher-teacher, friendly friends, etc.
2. Synthesis method. This method combines two or more independent words to form a new word. The words formed by this method are called compound words or compound words. Such as: black++blackboard, class++room, foot++ball and so on.
3. Transformation method. This method is to change from one part of speech to another without changing the spelling form, which mainly includes noun to verb, verb to noun, adjective to verb or noun. Such as: water (n. water) water (v. watering), lift (v. lifting) lift (n. elevator), last (adjpaste) last (v.continuous) and so on.
Recursive memorization of intransitive verbs
It refers to the method of memorizing memorized words repeatedly. According to the law of forgetting, people's forgetting begins after memorizing, first fast and then slow. So the review interval should be short first and then long. For example, the words learned today should be memorized on the same day, and reviewed the next day, the fourth day, the seventh day, the fourteenth day and the twenty-eighth day to form a long-term memory.