/kloc-the all-European ideological movement in the 0/8th century was the continuation and development of the anti-feudal and anti-church struggle in the Renaissance, and it had a distinct political revolutionary nature. Enlightenment intellectuals advocate rationality and think that people should be enlightened to get rid of ignorance with scientific and cultural knowledge based on rationality.
2. Sentimentalism:
Appeared in Britain from the 1960s to the late 1980s. After the British industrial revolution, many social ills appeared. People are disappointed with the bourgeois regime, but they are helpless, so they throw a lot of dissatisfaction and helplessness into art, and a new literary trend has emerged, named after Justin's novel Sentimental Travel. Sentimentalism literature pays attention to psychological feelings in form, so it has become the pioneer of romanticism in the19th century and the source of modernist literature in the 20th century, and occupies a very important position in the history of European literature.
3. Philosophical novels:
New novels created by French enlightenment writers. It takes the activities of characters as the main line, depicts social reality, integrates narration, discussion, lyricism and satire, and expresses the writer's enlightenment views on politics, law, morality and literature, which is full of philosophy. The representative work is Voltaire's Honest Man.
4, hurricane dash movement:
65438+A literary movement in Germany from 1970s to 1980s. Under the influence of the enlightenment thought of Britain and France, a large number of young artists strongly demanded to get rid of feudal bondage and oppression and liberate their individuality. They are noble, talented and rebellious, advocating nature, self and national style. Their theoretical standard-bearer is Herder, whose representative works include Schiller's The Robber and Goethe's Young Werther. The name comes from klinger's play of the same name "Charge and Delong".
5. Romantic literature:
It is a literary trend of thought that appeared from the end of 18 to the beginning of 19. The British Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution, on the one hand, stimulated the awakening of people's spiritual personality, on the other hand, made people disappointed with reality. In this era of ups and downs of passion, utopian socialism such as Fourier appeared in the ideological circle, and German philosophers Kant and Fichte paid attention to "self".
In this context, a large number of writers and poets have emerged. They broke the shackles of traditional classicism, paid attention to expressing personal feelings and experiences, praised nature, and liked exoticism, and made brilliant achievements in poetry, novels, drama and other fields. Representative writers are Hugo, Bai Lun and Pushkin.