Changsha Qin yuan chun knowledge Dian daquan
Changsha Qinyuanchun
Independent cold autumn, Xiangjiang North, Orange Island. You see the mountains and plains, and the layers of forests are all dyed; The river is full of water, and hundreds of people compete for the flow. The eagle strikes the sky, the fish is shallow, and all kinds of frost fight for freedom. Lonely, ask the boundless earth, who is in charge of ups and downs?
I took a hundred couples on a trip to reminisce about the past years. Just a classmate and teenager, in full bloom; Scholar spirit, Fang Qiu. Pointing out the maze, inspiring words, the dirt in Wan Huhou that year. Remember hitting the water in the middle stream and the waves stopped the speedboat?
First, literary common sense
Author Mao Zedong, the word Runzhi. Marxism–Leninism is a proletarian revolutionary, politician and strategist in China, the main founder of the People's Liberation Army in People's Republic of China (PRC) and China, and a great revolutionary leader.
This word was written in 1925, when the revolutionary movement was booming, the May 30th Movement and the general strike in provinces and ports broke out one after another, and the peasant movement in Hunan and Guangdong was growing. Mao Zedong directly led the peasant movement in Hunan. The word expresses emotion by borrowing scenery, which shows the poet's fighting spirit of taking the world as his own responsibility, despising reactionaries and transforming the old world.
Second, Pinyin
Fight for the current and wave the waves.
Third, the flexible use of parts of speech
Wan Huhou's soil in those days: release? Treat as dirt (conative usage)
Fourth, key words
1. The river overflowed. Man: Man, man. 2. Hundreds of battles are for the current: big ships are for the current: for driving. 3. The eagle hits the air: fighting means that the eagle flies vigorously.
4. the fish is shallow and fragrant: this means that the fish swims briskly in clear water. Shallow bottom: The river is clear and looks shallow. 50,000 kinds of frost fight for freedom. Everything is autumn: late autumn.
6. Disappointment: The passionate and generous emotion caused by deep thought is broad: Highgarden is spacious, which means the vastness of the universe. 7. Who controls the ups and downs: the ups and downs of things. 8. The years are thick: unusually thick: many. 9. Just right, just right.
10. In full bloom: elegance and talent bloom.
1 1. Scholar temperament scholar: temperament of young students: will and concept 12. Fang Qiu's reprimand: unrestrained: powerful 13. Exaggerated words: turbulence and clarity 14. Manure: treatment ... feces.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) text understanding
1. What are the contents of the upper and lower parts of the word?
Shangque: Write about autumn scenery in Xiangjiang River as seen in Orange Island. Xiaque: Recalling the past, pinning your thoughts and ambitions. 2. How many pictures are there in the whole word * * *? Take a subtitle each.
Four pictures, independent cold and autumn pictures, Xiangjiang Qiu Jingtu, eventful years pictures, mid-stream hitting water pictures.
3.① What scenes (images) did Shangque write? What are the characteristics of these scenes? Shangque scenery (image): mountain, forest, river, ge, eagle, fish. Features: All kinds of frosty days strive for freedom. (colorful and full of energy)
(2) How does the author feel about this situation? Ask the boundless earth, who is in charge of ups and downs?
4. What is the profound meaning of "main ups and downs"? What role does it play in the whole word?
Meaning: The poet's ups and downs of nature leads to the question of "Who is in charge of ups and downs". Here, "the master of ups and downs" means to dominate the destiny of the country and master the future of the nation. In essence, the poet entered deep historical thinking and raised the issue of revolutionary leadership. It expresses the poet's concern for the fate of the country and his broad mind and lofty ambition for the world.
Function: Shangque explained the time and place, wrote colorful and vibrant autumn scenery, expressed his feelings and raised questions; I recall the revolutionary activities in my youth and express my great ambition-clever answer. So these three sentences play a connecting role in the whole word.
5. Which sentence plays a connecting role in the whole text?
Took a hundred couples on a trip. Recalling the past, the years are thick.
6. What kind of feelings does the poet have in the scene of hitting water in the middle stream? What role does it play in the whole word?
"Midstream hits the water, waves stop the flying boat", using symbolic means, expresses the lofty ambition of a generation of revolutionary youth to take the world as their responsibility. In the tide of the new era, they are determined to revitalize China's generosity and pride, and implicitly answer the question of "who is in charge of ups and downs" put forward in the previous work. It is our classmates and teenagers who are ups and downs. 7. How does "Qinyuanchun Changsha" borrow scenery to express emotion?
The "scenery" of this article comes from "seeing". What the poet sees is "the mountains are all red and the forests are all dyed", the water is "full of rivers, and a hundred people are fighting for the flow", the sky is "the eagle hits the sky" and the bottom is "the fish is shallow", and the last sentence "all kinds of frosty days are fighting for freedom" has expanded from the mountains, forests, water, boats, eagles and fish in front of us to all things in the world, facing such magnificent mountains and rivers and vitality. By asking who should dominate the ups and downs of nature, it shows the poet's broad-minded mind and the great ambition of revolutionaries. Thus, the leap from "scenery" to "emotion" was realized, and the purpose of expressing emotion through scenery was achieved.
8. Executive summary
During his stay in Changsha, Mao Zedong revisited Orange Island. Facing the beautiful natural autumn scenery of Xiangjiang River, he remembered the revolutionary situation of that year, and wrote this poem "Qinyuanchun" with the theme of "Changsha", which expressed his strong confidence in the revolutionary cause and showed the revolutionary fighting spirit that Mao Zedong and his comrades took the world as their responsibility, despised the reactionaries and transformed the old world. 9. Artistic skills
Emotion in the scene, scene blending; The words are accurate and expressive.
Sixth, expand and upgrade.
1. What's the difference between Mao Zedong's "Independent Cold Autumn" and Liu Zongyuan's "Fishing Alone in Cold River" in Jiang Xue? Jiang Xue was written by Liu Zongyuan when he was demoted to Yongzhou after his political reform failed. It shows the uncompromising thoughts of poets and evil forces. The two poems are similar in artistic conception, but the minds of literati and revolutionary great men cannot be compared.
Qinyuanchun Changsha Erxuedian Daquan
Reading tips
1. Enjoy Mao Zedong's calligraphy and read it aloud.
Mao Zedong's handwritten "Qinyuanchun Changsha" has a flowing beauty and a chic style. You can combine reading with appreciation.
2. Grasp the key words, clear your mind and memorize them.
We should grasp words such as "independence", "organizational system" and "continent" that point out people, time and place, and words such as "look" and "recall" that run through the whole word, expand association and imagination, deepen our understanding and comprehension of the content, and recite the whole article on the basis of repeated reading.
Second, overall perception.
1. Writing background
This word was written in 1925. At that time, the revolutionary movement was booming. The May 30th Movement and general strikes in various provinces and ports broke out one after another, and the peasant movement in Hunan and Guangdong became increasingly popular. Mao Zedong directly led the peasant movement in Hunan. At the same time, the United front of the two parties has been established, and the National Revolutionary Government has been formally established in Guangzhou. In the late autumn of this year, Mao Zedong went to Guangzhou to preside over the peasant movement workshop. During his stay in Changsha, he revisited Orange Island and wrote this word. According to the Journal of the First Workers and Peasants' Congress in Hunan, "Mr. Mao Zedong ... went back to Hunan to raise grain last year, and once engaged in a peasant movement in Hengshan, Xiangtan ... Later, when Zhao Hengti found out, he killed him. Mr. Wang heard the news and went to Guangdong. "
2. The main idea of the content
Independent cold autumn, Xiangjiang River north, Orange Island.
Point out the time, place and specific environment. In late autumn, I stood alone in Orange Island, watching the river flow northward day and night.
You see the mountains and plains, and the layers of forests are all dyed; The river is full of water, and hundreds of people compete for the flow. The eagle strikes the sky, the fish is shallow, and all kinds of frost fight for freedom.
The word "Look" consists of seven sentences, describing the colorful Qiu Jingtu seen by the independent Orange Island. The general idea is: looking at the mountains from afar, the forests are picturesque; Close look at the whole river, the autumn water is green and clear, and countless ships are rushing to drive. Looking up, the eagle is flying high in the sky; Looking down, the fish are swimming briskly in the river. Everything in the universe stretches freely and grows vigorously in autumn. The poet chose several typical scenes from mountains, rivers, the sky and the bottom of the water to describe them, which are far and near, dynamic and static, and in stark contrast. These seven sentences provide the background for the lyric behind, and set off the atmosphere.
Lonely, ask the boundless earth, who is in charge of ups and downs?
Faced with this vibrant world, the poet is full of thoughts and can't help asking: Who is the real master of your ups and downs on the land of vast expanse? This question shows the poet's ambition and his broad mind.
The first film depicts a colorful and vibrant picture of Xiangjiang River in cold and autumn, expressing immediate feelings and raising the question of who should dominate the vast land.
Took a hundred couples on a trip. Recalling the past, the years are thick.
On this orange island, I once met and fell in love with many revolutionary comrades and had an extraordinary and meaningful time. The poet revisited his last movie alone, which naturally reminded him of his past lives.
Just a classmate and teenager, in full bloom; Scholar spirit, Fang Qiu. Pointing out the maze, inspiring words, the dirt in Wan Huhou that year.
The word "QIA" has seven sentences, which vividly summarizes the fighting style and heroism of early revolutionaries. The general idea is that the students at that time were young, energetic, brilliant, passionate, daring to say and do, and their revolutionary fighting spirit was very strong. In the face of the great rivers and mountains of the motherland, we point out the maze, often comment on state affairs together, write stormy and clear articles, and treat the warlord rulers who dominate one side as dirt.
Remember hitting the water in the middle stream and the waves stopped the speedboat?
Mid-stream, in the middle of the river. In the book "Beating Water", the author once noted: "Swimming: I was a beginner at that time. When the water rose in summer, several people died. Finally, the last group of people persisted in the dead of winter and were still in the river. At that time, I forgot a poem, only remembering two sentences: I have confidence, my life is two hundred years, and I am a water hammer of three thousand miles. " (See Mao Zedong Poetry Appreciation Dictionary) There are two understandings of restraint: one is that the waves aroused by swimming almost stop the fast-moving ships; One condition of "waves stop flying boats" is "mid-stream hitting water". According to the latter understanding, these three sentences are as follows: Remember? In those days, we went swimming in the middle of the river together. Although the wind and waves are very heavy, even ships are difficult to sail, but we people take pleasure in fighting against the raging rapids. The end of this question is actually a clever answer to "Who is in charge of ups and downs".
The following film recalls the eventful years in the past, and shows the heroic revolutionary spirit and lofty aspirations of poets and comrades-in-arms in order to transform old China. The image implicitly gives the answer to "Who controls the rise and fall": revolutionary youth who take the world as their responsibility, despise reactionary rulers and dare to transform the old world.
Three points of appreciation
1. Write magnificent scenery and express lofty sentiments.
This poem is about the scenery in the cold autumn, but it doesn't have the cold and sentimental artistic conception of "sad autumn" in the old poems. Autumn scenery described by the poet is vivid, beautiful and magnificent. The reason is that the more magnificent mountains and rivers are written, the more people can feel the sorrow that people can't dominate the earth, and the more necessary the revolution is. It is from this inconsistency that the poet highlights the strong revolutionary spirit. Of course, it also includes the feelings of loving the magnificent rivers and mountains of the motherland.
2. The use of contrast technology
There are many contrasts in the text, which make the image vivid. For example, "Wan Shanhong Edge" and "Man Jiang Bi Tou" are mainly color contrast; "Eagle Strikes the Sky", "Fish Shallow", "Pointing the Jiangshan" and "Inspirational Words" are mainly the comparison of actions; Classmates and Teenagers and Wan Huhou are the contrast in the light, while Freedom in first frost and People's Oppression are the contrast in the dark.
3. Expressive language
This word is accurate, vivid and expressive. For example, the word "10,000" describes the number of mountains, the word "times" describes the breadth of red, the word "people" describes the flood of rivers, and the word "struggle" vividly shows the lively scene of the Qian Fan competition. Using "strike" instead of "fly" accurately shows the vigorous posture of the eagle; Use "Xiang" instead of "swim" to accurately describe the brisk and free posture of swimming fish in the water, hovering like a bird.
Three points of appreciation
This word has created a grand and open artistic realm for us. Focusing on the overall situation, the poet set out from the feeling of life, got rid of personal gains and losses, and expressed a revolutionary's great ambition from the height of history, the universe and mankind. The words used in cloud words are very atmospheric. For example, the word "Wan Li frost broadens the river" contains rich and colorful landscapes, which refers to both the frosty leaves of "the mountains are all red and the forests are all dyed" and the frosty days of "the eagle strikes the sky, the fish is shallow, and all kinds of frosty days strive for freedom". Compared with "in late spring and March, the grass grows in the south of the Yangtze River, the trees grow flowers and the warblers fly everywhere", this kind of autumn scenery is really unique.
Problem-solving guidance
This question mainly reminds students to read aloud when appreciating poetry. Reading and reciting poems can strengthen memory by grasping key words and clarifying thoughts. For example, the verbs "stand, look, regret, ask, remember and remember" in Qinyuanchun Changsha have the function of running through the whole word thread: through the words "stand" and "look", the magnificence of the country and the freedom of all things are clearly written; Through the words "melancholy" and "problem", the arrogance of reactionaries at home and abroad was written in secret, and the broad masses of the people suffered a lot. Recalling the comrades who fought side by side aroused the revolutionary's sense of historical responsibility. Mastering these words will make it much easier to recite the whole words. By describing the magnificent scenery in autumn, these two sentences express the poet's lofty aspirations and lofty sentiments of transforming the old world.
This problem is mainly to guide students to grasp the main idea of the content by grasping the main images of poetry. The first part vividly shows the poet's concern for the fate of the country and his deep feelings about the revolutionary situation at that time through images such as cold autumn, frosty weather, Wanshan (full of forests), Xiangjiang (blue flowers and blue waters) and flying eagles swimming in fish (all kinds of struggles for freedom). In the next film, the students and teenagers in Fang Qiu are reprimanded in high spirits, and the students and teenagers who point out the mountains and rivers with words are encouraged, and the students and teenagers who hit the water in the middle stream to stop the flying boat; It shows the revolutionary fighting spirit that the poet and his comrades regard the world as their responsibility, despise reactionaries and transform the old world.
Poetry appreciation is a personalized behavior. Readers have different understandings of poetry and different reasons for loving poetry. This problem is mainly to mobilize students' personalized life experience and help them appreciate poetry. The answers can be different, but teachers should guide students to contact other literary works at home and abroad and improve their appreciation ability through reference and comparison. See Text Appreciation Notes for the answer.
April and autumn appeared in the works of many ancient literati, mostly in a sad, depressed and lonely mode. "Sad autumn" is a common emotional tone. The main intention of this question is, on the one hand, to let students collect ancient literary works related to autumn, increase reading and broaden their horizons; On the other hand, let students know the artistic features of Mao Zedong's poems through comparison. Students can combine reading and writing and play freely.
Teaching suggestion
The teaching purpose of a unit is to let students appreciate and taste new poems, and then make a correct evaluation of new poems. Teaching of this course is no exception. Mao Zedong's poems are modern in content and traditional in form, which should be paid attention to in teaching.
Second, prepare well. Ask the students to read the pronunciation correctly and understand the literal meaning with the help of notes and reference books. There should be no more text barriers in class appreciation.
Third, introduce the creative background. Through the introduction of creative background, students can better understand the theme of ci and appreciate the revolutionary spirit of the author. However, there is no need to compare words and carry out every sentence in appreciation. For example, "Dirt was in Wan Huhou in those days", which was proved by many events at that time, such as 19 15 Yuan Shikai proclaimed himself emperor, and Mao Zedong published an anti-Yuan pamphlet to fight; 19 16 directly organized and led the movement to expel warlord Zhang from Hunan. There is no need to compare students one by one, and the understanding should be broader.
Fourthly, poetry teaching should focus on visualization, and the teaching content can be developed by means of multimedia. Students can also enjoy Mao Zedong's "Qinyuanchun Changsha" and "Picking Mulberry Seeds and Chongyang". Students should be organized to repeat the words, grasp the key words, quickly read them into recitation, and experience the artistic conception of the words in recitation.
Qinyuanchun Changsha San knowledge Dian daquan
1. Literature type:
Literature can be divided into four categories: novels, essays, plays and poems.
2. Classification of poetry
① According to the theme, it can be divided into pastoral poems (represented by Tao Yuanming)
Landscape Poetry (on behalf of Wang Wei)
Frontier poems (on behalf of Cen Can)
In addition, there are allegorical poems and limerick poems.
② According to the content, it can be divided into narrative poems, lyric poems, epic poems and philosophical poems.
③ It can be divided into metrical poems, folk songs, free poems and prose poems according to their forms.
④ Time can be divided into: ancient poetry, modern poetry, ci, qu and new poetry.
3. Four characteristics of poetry:
Generality, imagery, lyricism and musicality
4. Poetry can be divided into the following ways according to the content:
(1) Fu: direct statement and narration.
2 comparison: that is, analogy.
(3) Xing: that is, the words that are sung first are triggered by other things.
5. Words:
① Name: a poetic style with irregular sentence patterns that appeared in Sui and Tang Dynasties. Originally called Quzi, miscellaneous Quzi and Quzi Ci, later it was also called Yuefu (such as Dongpo Yuefu), and some were called Yu Shi and Qin Qu, generally called long and short sentences.
(2) epigraph: it is originally a word. The name of the music qupai, because it is a poetic style that can be sung together, needs to indicate the qupai. Such as "Qinyuanchun" and "Shuidiao Song Tou".
3 word name: the title name of the word. Such as Changsha and swimming.
4 word order: some words have explanations between the title and the text in order to explain the reasons for writing this word. Ru Mao _ "Yongmei of Operators"
⑤ Que: There is a paragraph in the word called Que, which comes from the title of the song.
⑥ Classification: Xiao Ling (within 58 words), Zhong Diao (59-90 words),
Long tune (above 9 1 word), the longest is only 240 words.
⑦ Lyrics: There are strict rules for using words, with fixed tone, fixed sentence and fixed voice. People who write lyrics must fill in the form and rhythm stipulated by the epigraph, which is called lyrics.