During his exile, Hugo had always been concerned about the fate of his motherland. He opposed feudalism and retrogressive beliefs, persevered and became stronger in fighting spirit.
Hugo's first stop in exile was Belgium. He was living in Brussels, where he published a collection of political essays "Little Napoleon", which tore apart the self-proclaimed emperor with bitter ridicule and indignant language. The masks of the liars played an important role that cannot be underestimated in helping people understand the reactionary nature of Bonaparte and motivating people to fight against Bonaparte.
In 1852, Hugo moved from Brussels to Jesse Island in the English Channel. Here he published a collection of political satires called Punishments. This is a masterpiece of his poetry. This collection of poems is a thunderbolt that strikes the reactionary court, and it is also a clarion call for the people to rise up and resist. The collection of poems was loved and appreciated by Lenin, who went into exile in Paris for the second time. When the collection of poems was secretly spread to France, it was out of control and was widely publicized.