Small question 1: Although the swallow is weak, it has a persistent yearning and pursuit of spring; (2 points) It works tirelessly to build a nest, working day and night, and keeps its own rules, not Fighting with falcons. (2 points)
Small question 2: Expressed his loyalty to serve the country without any effort or fame and fortune. (2 points) also revealed his complaints and dissatisfaction with being marginalized by powerful ministers. (2 points)
Small question 1:
Test question analysis: This poem is a poem about things, and the object of the chant is "Gui Yan". Appreciate this type of poem In poetry, attention should be paid to grasping the characteristics of things from the perspective of the integration of things and people, such as appearance, inner world, quality, emotions, etc. Poems about objects usually use personification and rhetorical techniques or expressive techniques to express one's own feelings. This poem is also a poem in which Zhang Jiuling used Guiyan to express his loyalty and depression. This question tests the candidate's understanding of the image of Gui Yan. It should be noted that the question asks about the image of a swallow, not the image of a poet. The first couplet "Although the petrel is slightly swaying, it will come temporarily in the spring" shows that although the petrel is small, it still rides on the spring breeze to chase the spring. The chin couplet and the neck couplet show that the swallow does not work hard to build a nest in the Huatang, and works hard without complaining. The last couplet expresses his heart directly. It shows that swallows keep to themselves and do not fight with hawks.
Small question 2:
Test question analysis: This question follows the first question. It asks how the author uses Gui Yan to express his thoughts and feelings. Combined with the annotations, it can be seen that this The poem is a self-explanatory poem. Then Gui Yan, who worked hard to build the nest, is Zhang Jiuling, who devoted himself to serving the country and the people, and served the country loyally. The last couplet expresses his feelings directly, expressing his helplessness and depression of being dismissed despite not competing for power with Li Linfu.
Poetry Appreciation
The poem begins with Haiyan's "Wei Xian", implying that the poet himself came from a humble background and came from the common people, unlike Li Linfu who came from a luxurious background. The sentence "Chun spring also comes temporarily" indicates that he came to the court temporarily to serve as an official in the era of sage. Like the swallow, spring comes and autumn goes, and it will not stay long. In the middle four sentences, the swallow does not know the value of "mud" and only sees the "Yu Tang" open, so he goes in and out of it several times a day, making a nest of mud in his mouth to hide himself in the court, working hard day and night, and running a miserable business. "Xiuhu", "Huatang" and "Yutang" are all metaphors for the imperial court. The last sentence is a warning to Li Linfu: I have no intention of fighting for power and gain with you. You don't need to doubt or slander me. I am going to retire. At that time, the power had fallen into the hands of Li Linfu. Zhang Jiuling knew that he could not make a difference, so he had to give in. In fact, it was not without complaints and emotions.
The first couplet "Although the petrel is slightly lost, it will come temporarily in the spring." "Sea", in ancient China, refers to relatively wide waters as the sea. "Haiyan" means swallow. "Wei Xian" here means humble or humble. The poem begins with Haiyan's "Weixiao". According to relevant records, as the prime minister during the Kaiyuan period of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, he was known for his outspokenness and daring to remonstrate, so he was slandered by Li Linfu and others. From then on, Xuanzong gradually alienated Zhang Jiuling, and was dismissed as the prime minister in the 24th year of Kaiyuan. In this regard, we can think that the poet uses the "micro" (small) of "Haiyan" to metaphor his humble body, implying that he is not as noble as Li Linfu. The couplet "Spring will come temporarily", this sentence is derived from "Haiyan", on the surface it means that Haiyan comes in the beautiful time of spring, even if it doesn't last long, it still comes. Here, we can think that the poet used the spring and autumn of the swallow to imply that he would temporarily come to the court as an official in the era of Shengming. The word "temporary" not only means that the swallow has arrived, but also implies that he will not be an official in the court for a long time. In this couplet, the poet expresses his feelings of working for the people and being loyal to the court through the description of the scenery.
The chin couplet "I didn't know the mud was cheap, I only saw the jade hall open." This couplet comes from the association of "swallow". In the sentence "I don't know that Ni Tong is cheap", "Ni Tong is cheap" metaphorically refers to villains like Li Linfu. Swallows build their nests with mud in their mouths, but they don't know how cheap "mud" is. Here, the poet uses this to imply that he does not know much about villains like Li Linfu. The word "mean" not only expresses the humbleness of Li Linfu, but also expresses the poet's disgust for Li Linfu and his like. As the saying goes, "I saw the Yutang open", "Yutang" refers to the palace decorated with jade, and is also a good name for the palace. This alludes to the imperial court. Here, the poet uses the hard work of swallows going in and out of the "Jade Hall" and making their nests in mud to compare himself to working hard day and night as the prime minister in the court. The poet uses objects to describe people, which is not only vivid but also implicit, which not only arouses readers' thinking, but also gives readers space for aesthetic imagination.
The neck couplet reads, "When you are embroidering the household, you both enter, and when you go to the Huatang several times," this couplet closely follows the "Jade Hall opens" in the chin couplet. In the duality, he concretely showed his loyalty to the court and his generosity. The "embroidered household" and "huatang" in the poem, as well as the "yutang" in front of it, are all metaphors for the imperial court. "Double" refers to the poet and Li Linfu. "Shi Shuang enter" means that both of them (referring to the poet and Li Linfu) enter the court every day. Here, the poet showed that he did not regard Li Linfu as a hostile person, thus showing that the poet forgot his personal affairs for the sake of the court, and also showed that the poet had a broad mind for the sake of the court and the country. The "dai several times" in the sentence "huatang day several times" refers to how many times you go in and out every day. Here, the poet uses quantifiers to show the busy scene of work - coming and going in a hurry, and also shows his loyalty to the court.
The last couplet is "Have no intention of competing with things, don't let eagles and falcons guess each other". This couplet shows the poet's loyalty to the court and forgetfulness of himself. The sentence "I have no intention to compete with things" means that I have no intention and energy to compete with external things. It actually shows that the poet works hard and serves the court. The last sentence is "Don't guess eagles and falcons." "Eagle and falcon" refers to "eagle" and "eagle", and also generally refers to birds of prey. Here, the "raptor" written by the poet on the surface is actually the poet warning Li Linfu and others, I have no intention of fighting for power and gain with you, there is no need to be suspicious, let alone slander (perhaps I will retire one day). "Phase" means that one party is facing the other party, and the action is caused by the other party. At that time, the power of the court had fallen into the hands of Li Linfu. Zhang Jiuling knew that he could not make a difference and had to give in, but he had many complaints and emotions in his heart. This is just like what Liu Yuxi, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, said in "Preface to the Tribute to Zhang Qujiang" after Zhang Jiuling was demoted: "I have the thought of being imprisoned. I satirize birds and write poems about grass and trees. I am as depressed as the poet." It can be seen that the poet Zhang Jiuling was in the same mood. When facing a powerful opponent, he is sober and wise, and we can also see Zhang Jiuling's ingenuity in literary creation - using objects to metaphor people, and being subtle and implicit.
This rhyme poem has neat counterpoints, simple language, and light style, just like "light silk and simple practice" (Zhang Shuo's comment on Zhang Jiuling). It is called Ode to Things, but it is actually an expression of feelings. It describes both swallows and people. Every sentence is inseparable from swallows, but it is also Zhang Jiuling's self-portrait. The author's artistic ingenuity is mainly reflected in his choice of the external object that best imitates his own image - the swallow. Every line of poetry is inseparable from the swallow, but it does not stick to the swallow, reaching the artistic state of neither separation nor separation.
[