China is known as the country of poetry, and poetry has always been loved by people. Bashu area has beautiful mountains and rivers, outstanding people and outstanding people. For thousands of years, countless talents and wizards have created countless fruits of Bashu culture in this land. Sichuan's unique geographical environment is particularly helpful for people to cultivate their spirit, accumulate energy and inspire. Therefore, in the long history of thousands of years, the Sichuan figure who can dominate China best is the first approver. A master of poetry and prose from Sichuan, passed down from generation to generation. Sima Xiangru in the Han Dynasty, Li Bai in the Tang Dynasty, Su Shi in the Song Dynasty, Yang Shen in the Ming Dynasty, Zhang Chuanshan in the Qing Dynasty, Guo Moruo and Ba Jin in modern times are all outstanding masters. Among them, Li Bai, Su Shi and Zhang Wentao are the three greatest gifted poets in the history of ancient Sichuan poetry.
Li Bai (70 1? 762), the word Taibai, is a native of Qinglian Township, jiangyou city, Sichuan. No. Violet? Immortality? . what's up Poet fairy? 、? Poet? Known as. Liang, grandson of Wang Zhen IX. There are few talents, ambitious and ambitious, and have the heart to surpass. At the beginning of Su Xiang's seclusion in Minshan, the prefect of Yizhou saw something different, saying:? I am a genius, Intel. I can compare with you. ? At the beginning of Tianbao, I went to Chang 'an to see him. Know the chapter and see its text, sigh:? Chen Zi is also a fairy. ? Conversation with Ming Chengzu, summoned the Hall of Thrones and wrote a eulogy. The emperor gave food, relatives served as spoons, and there was a letter to the Hanlin. Bai You and drinkers were drinking in the city, and the emperor was sitting in Chenxiang Temple, feeling thoughtful. He wanted to make a noise in vain and called in, and Bai was drunk. There is water on the left and right sides, and the written pen is slightly understood and beautifully cut. The emperor liked his talent very much and saw him at several banquets. Bai often waited on the emperor, got drunk, and let Gao Lishi take off his boots. Lux was so expensive that he was ashamed, so he chose his poems to arouse Yang Guifei. The emperor wants to be an official and the princess wants to stop. Bai knew not to go near, and begged to go back to the mountain. The emperor returned the gold. He is a vagrant and drinks all day. Lin is the commander-in-chief of Jiangling and was appointed as his assistant. It's understandable to seek chaos and lose the war. Yang Bing, a clan, made a pawn order and obeyed it in vain. Generation, left to clean up the legacy, and white is dead. Literati, Bai Songxin's poems, Pei Min's sword dance and Zhang Xu's cursive script are the three unique clouds. Set 30 volumes. Twenty-five volumes of poems are compiled today.
Main achievements: Li Bai's Yuefu, Gexing and quatrains are the highest achievements. His songs completely broke all the inherent forms of poetry creation, no one relied on them, and his brushwork was diverse, reaching the magical realm of unpredictability and swaying. Li Bai's quatrains are natural and lively, elegant and chic, and can express endless feelings in concise and lively language. Among the poets in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, Wang Wei and Meng Haoran were good at the Five Wonders, while Wang Changling and others wrote the Seven Wonders well. Li Bai is the only one who is good at both the Five Odds and the Seven Odds.
Li Bai's poems are magnificent and elegant, and his artistic achievements are extremely high. He eulogized the mountains, rivers and beautiful natural scenery of the motherland. His style was unrestrained, elegant and fresh, full of romantic spirit, and he achieved the perfect unity of content and art. What was he called? Immortality? Most of his poems mainly describe landscapes and express inner feelings. What are Li Bai's poems? A poem makes you cry? His artistic charm is also the most distinctive artistic feature of his poems. Li Bai's poems are full of self-expression and subjective lyricism, and the expression of feelings is overwhelming. He and Du Fu are also called? Big Dooley? (Li Shangyin and Du Mu are also called? Little Du Li? )。
In Li Bai's poems, imagination, exaggeration, metaphor and personification are often used comprehensively to produce magical brilliance and magnificent artistic conception, which is the reason why Li Bai's romantic poems give people heroic, unrestrained, elegant and immortal.
Li Bai's poems and songs had a far-reaching influence on later generations. Han Yu, Meng Jiao and Li He in the middle Tang Dynasty, Su Shi, [7] Lu You and Xin Qiji in the Song Dynasty, Gao Qi, Yang Shen and Gong Zizhen in the Ming and Qing Dynasties were all greatly influenced by Li Bai's poems.
Su Shi (1037-1101), the word Zizhan, the middle word, the number? Dongpo lay man? , the world calls it? Su Dongpo? . Meizhou (now Meishan, Sichuan, Meishan City, Northern Song Dynasty) is a native of Luancheng. A famous writer, painter, poet and gourmet in the Northern Song Dynasty, one of the eight great poets in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and a representative of the unrestrained poets. His poetry, ci, fu and prose all have high achievements, and he is good at calligraphy and painting. He is a rare all-rounder in the history of literature and art in China, and he is also recognized as one of the most outstanding literary and artistic attainments in the history of China for thousands of years. His prose and Ouyang Xiu are called Ou Su; Poetry and Huang Tingjian are also called Su Huang; Ci and Xin Qiji are collectively called Su Xin; Calligraphy listed? Su, Huang, Mi and Cai? One of the four great calligraphers in the Northern Song Dynasty; His paintings started the Huzhou School of Painting.
Main achievements: Su Shi has made extraordinary achievements in the creation of ci. As far as the development of a style itself is concerned, the historical contribution of Su Ci has surpassed that of Su Wen and Su Shi. After Liu Yong, Su Shi carried out a comprehensive reform of ci style, and finally broke through the word "Wei"? Ke Yan? The traditional style of ci has improved the literary status of ci, transformed ci from an accessory of music into an independent lyric style, and fundamentally changed the development direction of ci history.
Su Shi's views on society and thoughts on life are undisguised in his literary works, among which poetry is the most hearty. In more than 2,700 Su poems, the theme of intervening in social reality and thinking about life is very prominent. Su Shi holds all kinds of unreasonable phenomena in social reality? One belly is out of date? Attitude, always critical of reality as an important theme of poetry. What is more valuable is that Su Shi's criticism of society is not limited to the New Deal or the present. He criticized the long-standing abuses and bad habits in feudal society, and embodied a deeper critical consciousness.
Su Shi's literary thought pays equal attention to literature and Taoism. He praised Han Yu and Ouyang Xiu for their contributions to China's ancient prose. Both of them paid attention to literature and Taoism. However, Su Shi's views on literature and Taoism were very unique in the Northern Song Dynasty. First of all, Su Shi believes that the art of the article has independent value, such as? Besides the golden jade, the article is not only a tool to carry Tao, but also an advanced form of human spiritual activities. Secondly, what did Su Shi think? Tao? It is not limited to Confucianism, but generally refers to the law of things. Therefore, Su Shi advocates that articles should be as natural as the objective world, with a natural attitude. He advocates the diversity and vividness of artistic style, and opposes the unification of literary style, believing that it will lead to the literary world? Is Wang Mi a yellow-haired white reed? Barren.
Su Shi is good at writing running script and regular script, and he is also known as Huang Tingjian, Mi Fei and Cai Xiang. Song Sijia? . He studied with famous artists in Jin, Tang and Five Dynasties, and integrated the creative styles of Wang Sengqian, Xu Hao, Li Yong, Yan Zhenqing and Yang Ningshi into his family. He once called himself:? My book can't be created? 、? Create new ideas without practicing the ancients? . Huang Tingjian called him: In the early years, the pen was refined, not as natural as the boss. ? This shows that Su Shi's life is full of ups and downs, which led to the ups and downs of his calligraphy style. The existing works include Red Cliff Fu, Huangzhou Cold Food Poetry and Yellow River Sacrifice.
Su Shi is good at painting ink bamboo, and his paintings are as heavy as spirit. He advocated that there should be feelings outside the painting, that painting should have sustenance, and opposed similarity and procedural constraints. Poetry and painting are unified, ingenious and fresh? And clearly put forward? Literati painting? The concept of the future? Literati painting? Its development has laid a certain theoretical foundation. His works include Atlas of Ancient Trees and Strange Stones and Atlas of Xiaoxiang Bamboo Stones.
Zhang Wentao (1764? 18 14), the word Nakano, Chuanshan, was born in Suining, Sichuan in the Qing Dynasty, and was named the great-grandson of Ao in the early Qing Dynasty. In the fifty-third year of Qianlong (1788), he was awarded the title of scholar, and in the fifty-fifth year of Qianlong (1790), he was the 55th scholar in the top three. Fifty-eight years (1793), the academician courtyard reviewed; In the fifth year of Jiaqing (1800), he served as the examiner of Shuntian Township Examination; Ten years (1805), served as Jiangnan Taoist supervisor and governor Cheng Nan; Fourteen years (1809), official department doctor; Fifteen years (18 10), he served as the magistrate of Laizhou, Shandong Province; Seventeen years (18 12), said he was ill and resigned; Jiaqing died in Suzhou in the 19th year (18 14) and was buried in Lianghekou, Jinqiao Township, Pengxi County. Zhang Chuanshan devoted his life to the creation of poetry, calligraphy and painting, and wrote Poems of Chuanshan and Addendum, with a total of 26 volumes. Zhang Chuanshan was a great poet in the field of Ganjia poetry in Qing Dynasty. He is not only the highest poet in Shu in Qing Dynasty, but also a first-class poet and a famous poetry theorist in Qing Dynasty. He was the main commander and representative in the later period of spiritualism. Hu Chuanhuai's Chronicle of Zhang Wentao (published by Bashu Bookstore in 2000) and Collected Works of Zhang Wentao Studies (published by Central Literature Publishing House in 2009) can be used for reference to understand Zhang Wentao's life story.
Main achievements: Zhang Chuanshan devoted his life to poetry, calligraphy and painting, and achieved a lot. His poems are known as Qing Dynasty. The crown of Shu? He was also the biggest poet in Bashu during the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, with more than 5,000 poems, of which more than 3,500 have been preserved to this day, which shows his unique ideological personality and artistic style. For poetry creation, he advocates expressing temperament, emphasizing originality and opposing imitation. Poetry mostly describes daily life.
His disciples are, Mei Chengdong, Yao and so on. Zhang Man's three talents? , deeply influenced by Zhang Wentao.