Evaluate the ideological content and attitude of poetry

Seeing this topic reminds me of my school days. 1 First read through the works and get a preliminary understanding; 2. Understand the author's life and style carefully; 3. Take a look at the background of the author's writing this poem, such as when the poet is wandering, or when his home country is ruined, or when he is ecstatic after he is in the middle of it; 4. Summarize your understanding again. I believe you have compiled some evaluation templates. The author uses XX technique to describe the content of XXX, and uses XXXX to express XXX. Set your understanding and an evaluation will come out. Finally, attach a high evaluation of Mr. Liu. First, pay attention to the topic. The title of a poem is the concentrated expression of the poet's writing intention. It is like a red line, connecting the pearls scattered in the poem in series, like a window, showing us the poet's inner emotional world. For example, Ouyang Xiu's "Sleeping in Yueyang" conveys the message that the poet stops at Yueyang City for ten minutes in the evening, indicating that the poet is drifting away from home, so his thoughts and feelings may be homesick, travel worries or wandering feelings. If this poem is about the object, such as Yongmei, according to this topic, the author ostensibly wants to praise Yongmei's flowers, but in fact, the author wants to express his ambition, lofty spirit or indomitable loyalty through this object. Second, pay attention to the author. Generally speaking, the lyric heroes of poetry are divided into two categories: one is that the poet pretends to be the people in the poem, shouts for them and confides in them; One is the poet himself, and the image of the lyric hero is also the image of the poet himself. Generally speaking, the latter category is mostly. Whether it is the poet's endorsement or the poet himself, the understanding of the poet's life is very important for understanding the thoughts and feelings of poetry. For example, when I talk about Li Bai, I think of his homesickness for the moon; Speaking of Du Fu, I think of his feelings of worrying about the country and the people. Speaking of Lu You, I think of his patriotic feelings. Next, pay attention to the comments. When you do a problem, sometimes you can't understand the content of the poem. The cleverest and most effective way is to read the annotations of a poem, because sometimes the annotations have already told you what the poet wants to express. For example, this year's college entrance examination topic "Autumn Night" Notes ③ Spreading customs: that is, spreading customs. As soon as this note appears, students should immediately think of another poem by Lu You: "It snows on the night boat, and the iron horse crosses the autumn wind", which was once learned in the book Appreciation of China Ancient Poetry. This is the poet's memory of his two resistance to Victor King, although his temples have turned white. Furthermore, pay attention to the keywords or eyes of poems and words. What are poetic eyes? The eyes of a poem are the most vivid and vivid words that can best reflect the author's thoughts, feelings, opinions and attitudes. For example, the word "trouble" of "how much trouble can you have"; The word "noisy" of "the branches of red apricots are noisy in spring"; "But my relatives and friends didn't give me any news. I am old, ill and alone with my boat" and "lonely" ... these words can best reflect the author's thoughts and feelings. In Fujian Volume 20 13, the word Guizi in the sentence "The cuckoo rings in the distant valley, and the mountain in front of it returns on Monday" describes the poet's relaxed and happy mood of returning home. Then, pay attention to the image. Poetry aims at expressing emotion, and image is the basic unit of expressing emotion in poetry and the place where poetry emotion exists. The root of poetry is emotion, and human emotions are interlinked. Grasping the breakthrough point of image can resonate with poets hundreds of years ago. Because poets usually express themselves through images, poets, as subjects, often merge with images as objects. Sometimes there are several images in a poem, and they are all interrelated. In China's classical poems, we pay attention to the mode that "all scenery words are emotional words", so when we appreciate scenery or things, we often need to appreciate the poet's image. And the two are often consistent. Images in poetry are often full of the poet's emotions. Liu's image is full of feelings of parting; The image of chrysanthemum is synonymous with noble quality and indifferent to fame and fortune; The yellow flowers on the ground are a symbol of sadness and old appearance ... The first question in Xiting written by Jingxi, Guangdong Province in 2007 is: What time images did the poet use to express his feelings? The poet expresses his desolation and loneliness, as well as his sense of wandering and helplessness caused by the destruction of the country, through the clear autumn, sunset, white leaves, fireflies and solitary lamps at the beginning of the month. Moreover, we should pay attention to the allusions in the poems. In order to express euphemistically, ancient poets often like to use allusions, borrow other people's glasses and pour a piece into their chests; In order to be more confident, we will also borrow allusions to compare the past and the present; In order to make the expression concise, we will use less words like allusions to convey more information. Generally speaking, allusions have two meanings: (1) using old historical events, borrowing from the past to describe the present; (2) Quoting or using predecessors' poems not only makes people understand their thoughts, but also enriches the meaning of poems and improves their cultural taste, which is, in Huang Tingjian's words, "thoroughly remould oneself". Because of this, it has become a common expression in ancient poetry. For example, in Du Fu's "Fatanzhou", "Jia Fu has no talent, Chu Gongshu is peerless", the poet uses allusions to express his feelings, Jia Yi is demoted to Changsha because of his talent, and Chu Suiliang is demoted to Tanzhou because of remonstrating Wu Zetian as the queen, expressing his feelings of loyalty, suspicion, slander and incompatibility because of his talent. Another example is two sentences in cat's "Niannujiao Dundo Lou Jing": "It's just an oath to drive straight ahead, don't look back, look for a mainstay. If you break a thief, it is better to ask it and be strong! " Li Zhuo and Xie Xuan, the poets in Zu Ti, persuaded the authorities in the Southern Song Dynasty by fighting for water, hoping that they would strengthen their faith, take advantage of the situation, drive thousands of miles, sweep the Qinghe River and Luohe River, and capture their homeland, expressing the author's optimistic belief that they would win. Finally, the overall perception. Read a poem, no matter how many details you have, if you don't understand the meaning of the poem, then you don't understand the poem. Therefore, we should finally return to poetry and feel the meaning of poetry as a whole.