Wang Wei
Hearts also contain fresh rain overnight, green willows and a touch of spring smoke.
The children at home have not been driven away, and the oriole singing the song of idleness is still sleeping.
Pastoral Music is a group of poems composed of seven six-character quatrains. The author lives in seclusion in Wangchuan Villa, enjoying the pleasure of being close to nature, so the title is Six Words of Wangchuan. This is one of them. The poem "Sleeping", "Singing", "Falling Flowers" and "Sleeping Rain" in spring is easily reminiscent of Meng Haoran's five-line poem "Spring Dawn". There are so many similarities in the life content written in the two poems, but the artistic conception is quite different. Comparing with each other, it is easiest to see two remarkable characteristics of Wang Wei's poem.
The first feature is vivid and colorful, and there are pictures in poetry. This is not to say that there are no paintings in Meng's poems, but that Meng's poems focus on freehand brushwork. Although the wind and rain of flowers and birds are also mentioned, they are not described in detail, and their environment is indirectly realized by readers from poems. Wang Wei's poems can be completely different. Not only the composition is large, but also the coloring is concrete and vivid, and the description is meticulous, so that readers can draw first and then understand. Write peach blossoms and leaf warblers to capture the characteristic scenery of spring. Here, peaches, willows and warblers all refer to flowers and birds, which is more specific than Meng's general reference to flowers and birds, and it is easier to evoke intuitive impressions. It is also obvious that the artistic effect of writing Rain at Night through Stay in the Rain and Facing the Smoke is the same. On the basis of linking the scenery, there is color, and the use of the words "red" and "green" makes the scenery bright and pleasing to the eye. Readers will see a bright future. "Peach flies away, burning its glory", plus "Liu is Yi Yi", the scenery is pleasant. After coloring, there is a layer of rendering: deep red and light red petals are slightly raindrops overnight, and the colors are softer and more lovely. After the rain, the air is clear and fresh, and the flowers in Ran Ran are overflowing, which makes people enchanted; The green wicker cage is more charming in the hookah. Poetic landscape, after layers of rendering and detailed description, has become a detailed and colorful picture scroll; In contrast, Meng's poems are like uncolored freehand brushwork. One is colored and the other is colorless. Meng's poem begins with "I woke up in this beautiful spring morning" and saw people before entering China. On the other hand, Wang Shi didn't meet anyone before entering this country. Because of the "constant rain", there is a "falling flower". Flowers should be cleaned up when they fall, but "children haven't cleaned up yet." Don't sweep, don't sweep, because people haven't got up in the morning. There is a quiet interest in this scene of flowers falling on the ground without anyone asking. This is exactly what Wang Wei likes better. The word "not swept" was obtained intentionally or unintentionally, with no effort and no trace. Finally, I wrote Yingying. Yingying didn't dream, and Shanke fell asleep. This is a charming photo. I woke up easily in this spring morning. But there are subtle differences with Meng's poems. Meng's poem begins with "I wake up in the spring", but people are already awake, so there is a pleasure of "birds singing around" and a suspense of "I don't know how many flowers have been folded", and its artistic conception can be summarized by the word "spring trouble". This poem was written at the end of spring sleep, when people slept soundly and safely and knew nothing about the outside world. Although flowers are falling and birds are singing, it only sets off the tranquility and mood of the "mountain guest" residence, so its artistic conception is mainly based on the word "quiet" Wang Weizhi's "music" is also here. It is not wrong for people to say that his poems are Zen. The idea of advocating silence has a negative side. But Wang Wei's poetry is commendable because it is different from silence. He can write life in silence through the interaction of motion and static, giving people a fresh, clear and beautiful feeling. Tang poetry is characterized by vague artistic conception, but there are still two specific manifestations. One kind of bias makes people feel indirectly, such as Meng's poem "Spring Dawn". The other is biased towards the environment, which makes people realize the author's meaning from the environment, so poetry is. And from the environment, there are pictures in the poem. Is that most remarkable advantage of this poem.
Annotation translation
There are still rain beads left on the petals of peach blossoms last night. After the rain, the willows are green and shrouded in morning smoke. Petals slapped by rain are scattered all over the yard. The children haven't got up to clean, the oriole is singing, and the mountain guest is still sleeping.
Brief introduction of the author
Wang Wei (70 1-76 1), a native of Qixian county, Shanxi province, was a poet in the Tang Dynasty, whose alias was "Shi Fo". There are more than 400 poems today. Wang Wei is well versed in Buddhism. Buddhism has a Vimalakīrti classic, which was told by Vimalakīrti to his disciples. Wang Wei admired it, so he called himself Wei, with the word "Momo". Wang Wei's poems, paintings and calligraphy are all famous and versatile. Music is also very proficient. Greatly influenced by Zen. Wang Wei (699-76 1), a famous poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. His official position is as follows: You Cheng, known as "Wang Youcheng". Originally from Qi (now Qixian County, Shanxi Province), he later moved to Yongji, Shanxi Province, and settled in Lantian in his later years, Han nationality. His achievements in poetry and painting are very high. Su Shi praised him as "there is beauty in poetry and painting in painting; Look at the picture. There are poems in it. Especially his landscape poems are the most successful. Together with Meng Haoran, they are called "Wang Meng". In his later years, he was careless about his official career and devoted himself to being a Buddha. Later, he was called "Shi Fo". He is the author of Wang Youcheng's poetry anthology, with 400 poems. Not only that, Wang Weishan painted figures, bamboos and landscapes. There are two kinds of landscapes recorded by the Tang people: one is similar to Li's father and son, the other is painted by breaking ink, and the latter is his masterpiece. However, the Snow Stream Map and Jinan Mansion handed down to him are not original works. Obviously, Wang Wei has made higher achievements in the field of Tang poetry. He is a representative of the pastoral school in Tang Dynasty. Wang Wei was very literary when he was a teenager. In the ninth year of Kaiyuan (72 1), he was the first scholar, and he was very happy. I joined the army in Jeju for some reason. After returning to Chang 'an. In the 22nd year of Kaiyuan, Zhang Jiuling was appointed as the secretariat. Wang Wei was demoted to the right. At that time, he wrote a poem "Dedicating the Beginning to Prosper the People", praising Zhang Jiuling's political views against planting party member for personal gain and abusing his title, which reflected his mood of demanding at that time. Twenty-four years (736), Zhang Jiuling went on strike. The following year, Jingzhou was relegated to a long history. Li's appointment as the secretariat is a turning point in Xuanzong's politics from relatively clear to increasingly dark. Wang Wei was depressed about Zhang Jiuling's demotion, but he didn't quit the officialdom. In the 25th year of Kaiyuan, he was ordered to visit Cui, our envoy from Hexi. Later, he learned from the temple history that Wang Wei's official position was gradually promoted. Before the Anshi Rebellion, on the one hand, officials were tired and worried about the officialdom at that time, on the other hand, they were attached to the stack and could not leave decisively. So he lived a semi-official and semi-secluded life for a long time ... Wang Wei's achievements in poetry are various, including frontier poems, landscape poems, regular poems and quatrains. He really has his unique attainments in describing natural scenery. Whether it is the grandeur of famous mountains and rivers, the grandeur of frontier blockades, or the quietness of small bridges and flowing water, it can accurately and concisely create a perfect and vivid image, with less pen and ink, high artistic conception and complete integration of poetry and painting. Landscape pastoral poetry school is one of the two major poetry schools in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. This school of poetry is the successor of Tao Yuanming, Xie Lingyun and Xie Tiao. The poets of this school are famous for their good description of landscapes and pastoral scenery, and their artistic styles are relatively close. They reflect their peaceful mind or secluded thoughts by depicting quiet scenery, so they are called "the school of landscape pastoral poetry". The main writers are Meng Haoran, Wang Wei, Chang Jian, Zuyong, Pei Di and others. Among them, Wang Wei and Meng Haoran, also known as "Wang Meng", have the highest achievements and the greatest influence.
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