Appreciating works: organ music "Tokata and fugue in D minor"
The violin Aria on the G String (Handel, GeorgFrideric,1685-1759) is a German composer. Born in Haller, Germany. He has lived in England since he was 27 years old, which has played an important role in the development of English music, and the British also regard him as their own musician. Gandel occupies an important position on an equal footing with Bach in the history of western European music, and has a great influence on later music.
Appreciation of works: chorus "Hallelujah"
The violin Franz Joseph Haydn (1732- 1809) is a famous Austrian composer and one of the classical epitaphs in Vienna. He was born in poverty and studied music under very difficult conditions since he was a child. He composed music mainly by himself. He served as the band captain for a long time as an adult and became the chief musician at that time in the early 1990s. 179 1 and 1794. He has been to England twice and is very popular. He is mainly engaged in the creation of melody music. He established the structural forms of string quartets and classical symphonies, fixed symphonies into four movement forms and arranged them with a complete symphony orchestra, which laid the foundation for the development of modern symphonies. He wrote more than 100 symphonies in his life, among which the famous ones are Farewell, Bell, Hunting, Astonishment, Army, London, Newton and so on, so he is called the father of symphonies.
Appreciation: the second movement of chamber music "String Quartet in F Major"
The Austrian composer of the symphony Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756- 179 1) is a representative of the Viennese classical music school. 1756 65438+/kloc-0 was born in the family of a court musician in Salzburg on October 27th,179165438+died in Vienna on February 5th. Mozart showed his musical talent at the age of three, studied piano with his father at the age of four, composed music at the age of five, studied violin with his father at the age of six, wrote many sonatas and symphonies at the age of eight, and wrote his first opera at the age of eleven. There are 622 works including 20 operas, more than 40 symphonies, more than 50 concertos and 27 string quartets. The fresh and lively rhythm, pleasant melody and elegant and solemn temperament in Mozart's music works make his music like the sound of nature. People say that the beauty of Mozart's music is unparalleled in ancient and modern times. "Music prodigy"
Appreciation: Symphony No.40 for orchestra.
Serenade of string chamber music in g major
Orchestral "Figaro's Wedding Overture"
The piano piece Ludwig van Beethoven (1770- 1827) was born in Bonn. He studied piano as a child, 1787 went to Vienna to learn composition from Haydn, and met Mozart. Beethoven lived in the era of the French Revolution, the Napoleonic Wars and the Vienna system, and European democracy and national consciousness were rising day by day. His works reflect the characteristics of these times, either praising heroes or opposing feudalism and striving for democracy, freedom and a bright future. His main works are Sonata of Sorrow, Sonata of Moonlight, Symphony of Destiny (the fifth symphony) and Symphony of Chorus (the ninth symphony). Beethoven's old age was very bleak, and he died in poverty and disease. However, people cannot forget him. 1827 On March 29th, when Beethoven's funeral was held, more than 2,000 people attended the escort. Beethoven's most important contribution to music is symphony, so he is known as "the king of symphony".
Appreciating Works: Orchestral Symphony No.5-Destiny
Orchestra Symphony No.6-Pastoral
Piano Music "Moonlight Sonata"
Piano sonata of passion
Franz Seraphim, Peter Schubert (1797- 1828) Piano was born in Vienna 1797+ 10/0. I was exposed to music when I was a child. Schubert lived in a transitional period between classicism and romanticism. His symphony style inherits the tradition of classicism, but his artistic songs and piano works are totally romantic. His wonderful lyricism made Liszt call him the most poetic musician of all time. Schubert injected his own spiritual characteristics into traditional chamber music. They are also the last works of Vienna classicism. Schubert made the piano sing a new lyrical style at the moment of immediate harmony. Their randomness, spontaneity and unexpected charm have all become elements of romanticism.
representative works
Schubert's most popular songs are his more than 600 songs inspired by feelings. We are also familiar with the famous Schubert serenade, which is beautiful and intoxicating. (Hector Louis Berlioz, 1803- 1869), a French composer, conductor and music critic, was the greatest representative of French music in the first half of the 9th century. Following his father's instructions, 2 1 After completing the medical course and obtaining the bachelor of science degree in, he decided to switch to music. Since then, his relationship with his family has been tense and he has to rely on borrowing money and private education to maintain a poor life. The famous music critic Yang once wrote: "The essence of the French romantic movement can be said to be concentrated on three people: Hugo, the painter Delacroix and Berlioz. Their works are mixed with various contradictory factors, including heroism and revolutionary passion, as well as the artist's personal loneliness and various empty fantasies. "
Appreciation: Symphonic Fantasia for Orchestra (F. Mendelssohn, 1809- 1847), a German composer. Born into a banker's family. Since 1822, he has gone to Switzerland, Paris, Britain, London, Italy, Rome and other places for creative and performance activities. Mendelssohn's main works are: Scottish symphony, Italian symphony and other five symphonies; Orchestral overture A Midsummer Night's Dream, Finger Hole and Violin Concerto in E minor; Forty-eight Kubinashi Ci piano music, as well as various themes and genres of instrumental and vocal works. Mendelssohn's works are beautiful and vivid in style, complete and rigorous in structure and exquisite in orchestration. He conducted and played Bach's Passion of Matthew on 1829, which made Bach's masterpiece occupy an important position in the music industry. He also helped Schumann establish the first conservatory of music in Germany.
Appreciation: Orchestra frederic chopin (18 10- 1849), a Polish composer. Chopin showed his musical genius when he was a child. /kloc-wrote a piano concerto in f minor at the age of 0/9. 183 1 year, Chopin came to Paris and interacted with many outstanding artists, such as musicians Liszt and Berlioz, writers Hugo, Balzac and Heine, and painter Delacroix. In his association with george sand, a world-famous novelist, Chopin entered the most prosperous period of creation. Chopin is one of the most original artists in the Romantic era, with a unique style. Among the first-class artists, Chopin is the only master who concentrates his creative life on the piano. He skillfully overcame the main limitation that the piano could not be played for any length of time. It has contributed to the formation of modern piano style. For the first time, he highlighted Slavic national factors in his music, making Slavic national factors the mainstream of European music. His works are vigorous and brave; Mazzuca's chivalrous glory; Waltz is full of sweet tenderness. Chopin also wrote fantasia, scherzo, narrative, impromptu, prelude and sonata. His feelings are mysterious and charming.
Representative works: piano concerto in F minor, etude Revolution in C minor, etc. (Franz Liszt,181-1886), a talented Hungarian composer, pianist, conductor and music activist. He was born in Reading, Hungary, and began to learn piano at the age of six. He is a disciple of Surrey, Cherny, severiano reija and Bell. He settled in Paris at the age of 16, influenced by the thoughts of romantic writers and artists such as Hugo, Lamartin and chateaubriand, and yearned for bourgeois revolution. Musically, he advocated title music and created the genre of symphonic poems, including Tasso, Prelude, Hungary and so on 13 symphonic poems. Under the influence of Paganini, Liszt composed nineteen hungarian rhapsody and ten piano etudes. One of the main representatives of romantic music is known as "the king of piano (skill)".
Appreciated Works: Piano Music hungarian rhapsody No.2 and No.6 ... johann strauss (1825 ~ 1899), a famous Austrian composer, conductor, violinist and an outstanding representative of the Strauss family; Born in Vienna, a musical family with popular dance, with the same name as his father. Known as the "King of Waltz" by the world. 1844 formed his own band and played his own and his father's works. 1855- 1865 was invited to conduct the ten-year summer concert in St. Petersburg. 1863- 1870 is the director of the royal court ball. Later, he was engaged in operetta creation. His creation is famous for more than 20 Viennese waltzes, such as Blue Danube, Story Waltz of Vienna Forest, Waltz of the Artist's Life, Waltz of the Voice of Spring, Annapolka, etc./kloc-0, and he was named "the king of waltzes" by later generations.
Appreciated works: Orchestral "Blue Danube" (Charles Camille Saint-Sa? Ns, 1835- 192 1), a French composer, was born in Paris, France. His father was born in a poor peasant family near Normandy, and his mother was a watercolor painter. His father died when San Sang was two months old. Saint-Sang was brought up by his mother and aunt, who were musicians and began to teach him to play the piano when he was two and a half years old. Shengsang has an amazing talent for music. At the age of five, he wrote songs accompanied by the piano. At the age of 7, he began to study piano with Stama and composition with Mareden. At the age of ten, he played Beethoven's violin sonata with Belgian violinist Bert Sames, and held his first piano recital a few months later. His repertoire includes works by Bach, Gandel, Mozart and Beethoven. 1848 entered the Paris Conservatory of Music to choose organ and compose music, and won the second place in the organ competition the following year. 185 1 won the first prize.
Appreciated works: The orchestral suite Animal Carnival (carl maria von weber, 1786- 1826) is a German composer. Born in a drama family, he has a deep understanding of German folk music and local customs. This is of great significance to his future music creation. Weber began to learn piano at the age of ten, then composition, and began to write opera music at the age of twelve. After 18 13, he successively served as the permanent conductor of Prague Theatre and Dresden Symphony Orchestra, which played an important role in the fame of these two performing groups.
Representative works:
Weber's masterpiece is the opera Free Shooter, that is, Magic Shooter. Its rich German style and romantic atmosphere are considered as the first romantic opera in Germany. In addition, he also wrote the opera oberon, as well as overtures, concertos and sonatas. Among them, the piano music "Invitation to Dance" is the most popular. (Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky, 1840- 1893), a great Russian composer and music educator in the 19th century, is regarded as a great Russian music master. He was born in Urals on May 7th, 840/KLOC-0, a family full of musical atmosphere. He showed extraordinary musical talent since he was a child. 1862, Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky entered the Petersburg Conservatory of Music and embarked on the decisive road of receiving real professional music education. From 65438 to 0866, he became a professor at Moscow Conservatory of Music for eleven years. He created all kinds of excellent works. From 65438 to 0877, Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky's creation reached its peak. Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky is a great world-class Russian, who summed up the whole era of European music development. He established his own grand symphony music system and became one of the peak figures of symphony music. Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky wrote seven symphonies in his life, among which Symphony No.1 in G minor is his first symphony genre and a real Russian symphony, which is characterized by paying attention to psychological description and lyrical sentiment full of patriotism. This symphony is also the ladder and path for people to understand his symphony works.
Representative works:
1866 composed the first three symphonies, the symphonic poem Francesca Dalimi, the fantasy overture Romeo and Juliet, the ballet Swan Lake and the Piano Concerto No.1, etc. This is the first period of Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky's creation. Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky's later years were the pinnacle of his creation. During the period of 1888- 1889, he visited Germany, Czech Republic, France and Britain, and forged friendship with Brahms, Grieg, dvorak, Cournot and Masnier. From 65438 to 0877, Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky's creation reached its peak. He began to write two works of genius-the opera yevgeni onegin and his masterpiece Symphony No.4.. Pyotr Il'yich Tchaikovsky's later years were the pinnacle of his creation. During this period, he composed not only yevgeny onegin and the Fourth Symphony, but also the Fifth Symphony and Manfred Symphony, operas The Queen of Spades and Iolanta, ballets Sleeping Beauty and The Nutcracker. There are Tempest, Italian Capriccio, 18 12 Overture, Violin Concerto in D Major, Variations on Rococo-themed Cello, and various instrumental ensembles, piano solos and vocal romances. , covering all genres. In particular, the Sixth Symphony (Symphony of Pathetique) written by him in the summer of 1893 is his masterpiece. (robert schumann, 18 10~ 1856), a famous German composer and music critic. He was born in Zwickau, Germany, and loved music and literature since childhood. Schumann is sensitive by nature and has democratic thoughts. 1834 founded New Music magazine, which played an important role in changing the stale music atmosphere at that time and promoting the development of romantic art. He cared for and supported unknown musicians, such as Chopin, Berlioz, Liszt, Brahms and Wagner.
Schumann's representative works include: Piano Music Butterfly, Carnival, Symphony Etudes, Fantasia Collection, etc. 1840, he wrote 138 songs, known as Song Wencai, and also wrote four symphonies, piano concerto in a minor, Manfred overture and so on. Gioachino antonio rossini (1792- 1868),1one of the three outstanding Italian operas in the first half of the 9th century, was born in Besalo, Italy. At the age of ten, he studied harmony from Tisser and then opera. The Barber of Seville is a masterpiece of Italian comedy opera, with vivid language, free form and full of fantasy. His creation inherits the Italian tradition of paying attention to melody and bel canto, and his music is full of dazzling decoration and humorous spirit. He also absorbed the techniques of Beethoven, a contemporary composer, and used orchestral music to replace and enrich the accompaniment of ancient pianos only used for pitch prompting. From 65438 to 0829, Rossini wrote William Tell, which reflected the desire of national autonomy and promoted the formation of grand opera genre.
Representative works:
Rossini wrote nearly forty operas, including The Barber of Seville, William Tell, Cinderella, The Magpie Who Stole, Othello and Moses. (Nikolay Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov, 1844- 1908), Russian composer and music educator. He is recognized as the best master of marine landscape painting. But first of all, he is a famous Russian composer, especially a master of Russian opera art. He was born in a noble family and was influenced by the family music atmosphere since he was a child. He began to learn piano at the age of six and tried to compose music at the age of eleven. 186565438+ premiered his first symphony in February, which was a success. 187 1 Become a professional musician. Engaged in teaching for 30 years, the students are excellent, including more than 200 famous musicians such as Alensky, Asafyev, Glazunov, Liadov, Igoritov Ivanov, RuIacov Ski and prokofiev. In the last twenty years of his life, he hardly wrote with pure symphony music. His symphonic music creation tends to be titled, narrated and audio-visual, and the plot of symphonic music works is closely related to Russian heroic songs and legends, oriental folk stories and people's life scenes. His symphonic music works have strong national characteristics and rich oriental colors. He is also the author of Practical Course of Harmony Acoustics, Orchestral Orchestral Orchestral Orchestration and Orchestration and his biography My Musical Life.
Representative works:
His major works include: fifteen operas, including musicals, epic operas, mythical operas, lyric comedies and supernatural musicals, among which the most famous ones are Maiden Pskov, Night in May, Snow Girl, Silent Night, Satko, The Bride of the Tsar and The Story of King Sadan. His last opera "Golden Rooster" is a bitter satire. His symphonic music works are few in number, but very wonderful: the works in the 1960s mainly include Symphony No.1, Symphony Suite antar and Symphonic Picture Satko. In the 1980s, there were symphonic suites Sheikh Lachada, Spanish Capriccio and the Third Symphony. (georges bizet, 1838- 1875), also known as Bijie. 183810/kloc-0 was born in Paris on October 25th. His father is a vocal music teacher and his mother comes from a musical family. He studied piano at the age of nine, was admitted to the Paris Conservatory of Music in the same year, and later studied under Cournot. Bizet's first one-act play The Doctor's House was deeply influenced by Weber and Italian opera. 1856 completed the symphony in c major, with rigorous form, fresh melody and bright colors, which fully demonstrated his creative talent. Young Bicai has a wide range of musical interests, and his superb piano playing skills and music reading ability once shocked the famous pianist and composer Liszt at that time.
Appreciation: piano Pablo de Sarasate (1844 ~ 1908), orchestral music, Spanish composer and violinist. 65438-0856 entered the Paris Conservatory of Music to study violin and composition. Engaged in playing and writing after graduation. Known for his skillful, exquisite skills and amazing musical memory, he is recognized as one of the most outstanding violinists in the19th century by music circles all over the world. His masterpieces include Song of the Wanderer (also known as gypsy songs) and Carmen Fantasia.
Appreciate the work: violin Song of the Wanderer (antonin LeopoldDvo? K, 184 1 ~ 1904), one of the greatest composers in the Czech Republic19th century, and the main representative of the Czech national music genre. Dvorak was born in a poor family in the suburb of 184 1 Prague, the Czech capital. His childhood was accompanied by hard work. At the age of thirteen, he followed in his father's footsteps and became a trainee butcher. However, dvorak, a teenager, is very motivated. He taught himself hard and gradually showed his musical talent. He first studied violin with musicians in the village, and entered Prague Organ School at the age of 16. This music school is the cradle of his becoming a musician. 1859, dvorak graduated with honors from Prague Organ School, and then worked as a viola teacher in Czech National Theatre. During this period, he extensively absorbed all kinds of music knowledge and skills, studied the creative experience of western European classical and romantic composers and embarked on his own music creation path.
Appreciated works: The orchestral symphony from the New World-New Century Symphony (Edvard Grieg, 1843 ~ 1907), the most outstanding Norwegian composer. Born in Bergen, 15 years old studied at Leipzig Conservatory of Music in Germany. Then I went to Copenhagen to study Garde. 1864, after getting to know the composer Richard Nordrake, * * * worked in Norwegian folk music. The Norwegian Music School was founded in 1867, which created lyric songs with unique style according to Norwegian poetry and adapted folk songs. His wife, singer Nina, is the best interpreter of his works. He can skillfully combine the theme with classical structure and realistic traditional tone, so it is difficult to distinguish it from real folk music. In his creation, he often breaks through some rules and regulations. 1868, he composed a piano concerto in a minor and became the best composer at that time. Later works are generally short and lyrical and very successful. Represented by the symphony suite "Pearl Gold".
Appreciated works: Orchestral "Pell and Gunter Suite" (mussorgsky modest petrovich, 1839- 188 1), Russian composer. Musorgskiy was born into a landlord family. He showed extraordinary musical talent in his childhood. I learned piano from my mother for the first time. When I was ten years old, I studied piano in Helck, Petersburg. 1852, Musorgskiy entered the Imperial Guards NCO School in Petersburg, and served as the Imperial Guards in the Bradol lenski Corps of Pleo after graduation. Two years later, he left the army. Musorgskiy longed for music, but he didn't have the opportunity to receive formal music training. So many of his works began to be rejected by people because of their unique techniques. Musorgskiy's major works are: Opera Boris Godunov, Howanski Party Rebellion, Soloqin Market (continued by Guy after his death); Orchestral music "Night on a Barren Mountain", piano suite "Photo Exhibition" and so on. His songs have many masterpieces, such as Song of Flea and Lovely Savishna.
Appreciating works: solo "Song of Flea" and symphonic poem "Night on a Barren Mountain". (Sergei Sergeyevich Prokofiev, 189 1- 1953), Soviet composer, pianist and conductor. I studied piano with my mother since I was a child, tried to write piano music at the age of 5 and tried to write opera at the age of 9. /kloc-at the age of 0/4, he entered the St. Petersburg Conservatory of Music to study composition and piano, and held his first solo symphony concert at the age of 20. 19 18- 1936 lived in the United States and France, engaged in writing and performing, returned to China to settle down in 36 years, and continued to engage in music creation. 1947, awarded the title of People's Artist of Russian Federation; 1943- 195 1 year, and won the Soviet national award six times. 1957 won the Lenin Prize. Prokofiev's creation can be roughly divided into three periods:
The early stage (1) (1902- 19 14) was dominated by orchestral works and piano works, full of youth and with Russian national style.
(2) During the period of living abroad (19 18- 1936), influenced by western modern music schools, his works had a strong sense of rhythm and complex harmony, and his tunes still had Russian long tunes;
(3) The later period (1936- 1953) followed the international new music trend and tended to neoclassicism.
Appreciated Works: Gustav Deodore holst (1874- 1934), a symphony fairy tale, is one of the most outstanding composers in modern Britain, and an English composer with Swedish descent. Holst was born in Cheltenham, 1874, originally from Sweden. His great-grandfather moved to England on 1807 and died in London on 1934. Holst was born into a musical family, and his father was a piano teacher. Influenced by his family, holst worked as an organist and choir conductor at the age of 18 and began to compose music. Holst wrote a lot of music works in his life, including opera, orchestral music, piano music, solo and chorus. Among them, the most widely known is his "Planetary Suite".
Appreciation: Orchestral suite Planet (Claude Debussy, 1862- 19 18), an outstanding French composer. 1873 entered the Paris Conservatory of Music. He has been an excellent student for more than ten years, and the chorus "The Return of the Prodigal Son" won the Rome Prize. Based on Malarme's poems of the same name, he created an orchestral overture "Afternoon of the Faun" and an opera "pelias and Melisand" adapted from the play of the same name by Belgian poet maeterlinck. He got rid of the influence of Wagner's opera and created a unique expression. Piano creation runs through his life, and the early tasker of Arabia and Bergamo Suite are close to romantic style. Layout, Happy Island, Two Images and Twenty-four Preludes are the representative works of Impressionism. There are many vivid chapters in the orchestral Nocturne, Sea and beria. He formed a musical style called "Impressionism", which had a far-reaching influence on European and American music.
Appreciating Works: Orchestral Prelude Pastoral Afternoon
Orchestral music The Sea