Fan Zhongyan studied hard at the age of two, and his loneliness was unbearable. His mother is poor and helpless, and then he is suitable for Chang Shanzhu. As he is a dragon, he knows his family, feels sad, resigns from his mother, and goes to Du Nan to enter the school.
Study hard day and night and sleep without taking off your clothes for five years. Or the night is lazy and needs water to live.
Often porridge is not poured, and food begins at the beginning of the day. So the purpose of Six Classics of Datong is to be interested in the world. Often recite with high energy: worry about the world first, and enjoy the world later.
1. The correct meaning in this article is: _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _. 2. If the materials in this essay are used as arguments, what points can be proved? 3. What is the center of this narrative? Reference answer 1. Sometimes I feel dizzy and tired after reading it at night, so I use cold water to water the noodles.
2. Diligence produces results. Fan Zhongyan's family was poor, but after diligent study, he finally became a great scholar with a heart for the world.
2. "Reading and Translation of Wang Anshi's Seawall" Original and Translator: Read the following classical Chinese and complete 9~ 12 questions.
Wang Anshi's story about the seawall was told by Yunkernan. As for one, there is a dike of several feet, which completely prevents the tide of the sea from taking away its marginal fields. Xie Jun, the magistrate of a county, did it. When the dike was completed, Xie Jun recorded the beginning of its completion in a book, saying, "Let the newcomers take an examination, and they will certainly succeed.
"Xie Junzhe, people also, the word teacher is thick, and the scene is also named after it. First, literature is called the world, even the world is noble, and finally the monarch takes literature as his home.
As a county, it will not ignore the urgency of the people because of its conceit. When the embankment was built, it was also the old November of Ding Hai. He can personally act as the poison of wind, frost and fog, encourage people to do it, eliminate their disasters, and persuade their people to rush to it, but forget the labor they serve, so as to succeed.
It is effective and feasible for the people's benevolent government in this situation, but those who think they are not and have something to say, let the heirs go on and finish it, so as to last forever. Fu Shan! Benevolent people have long been concerned about the disasters of the people, so they cannot carry on the family line.
Then a gentleman can test his biography and get what he does, but he can't be thoughtless. However, from time to time, I will try to get things to Yuyao, and you will give them, and you will talk about things in the world calmly.
You said, "Tao is the secret of cymbals, and saints are full of everything, but those who don't know why are hard to know." His order of governing politics and religion is detailed, which is easier for people who are * * * with others, especially those who are anxious.
The mulberry field is treated through the river channel, and the river channel is drained by dike ditch to prevent flood and drought. It is particularly urgent to learn from others, enjoy rites and music, and subdue them, but it is easier to know. In this world, collectors are all stupid and ignorant, but their so-called ability is surprisingly prestigious, shocking the world and customs, or trying their best to do things between knives, pens and books. It's that they said that what ancient people did was particularly urgent, and I was overwhelmed, but I don't think it was enough. One person has done it. It is not enough to look at its materials just because it is famous all over the world.
Hey! What a pity. One country, one country, one hundred years, the effect of winning and killing is still not enough. Isn't that why? "Be good to him.
Since Wen Jun is his county, he is even a bridge over the river, and his teachers come to educate the children of the county people. He also has a battle of dikes, so he believes that his words and deeds are not deceitful. Because of the writing of its dike and the combination of its words, it has been preserved from beginning to end to show future generations.
Li Qing's diary in July of eight years. 9。
The following additional words are not correctly explained: a. It is completely forbidden for the tides of the sea to take risks to people in the fields next to them: flooding.
B. Zhijun inherited his family business with literature: inheritance.
C. easier said than done: comparison.
D. and the effect of winning and killing: restraint.
10。 The words added in the following sentences have the same meaning and usage.
(1) Embankment forming; (2) It is filled with drums, and connected with the weapon is B. (1) and Youzi's thought. (2) People are not born to know, who can not be confused about C. ..
(1) is not for this reason. (2) people who can mock D. (1) suing the queen (2) Mu Xinxin prospers 1 1.
The following six sentences are divided into four groups, among which the group that fully embodies Xie Jun's "love for the people" is ① a county that does not care about people's urgency because of its conceit; It can be the poison of wind, frost and fog, and it is not enough to encourage people to do something to eliminate their disasters; ④ A person thinks he has something to tell the future; (4) think that saints encourage all things alone, without knowing why, and knowing its difficulties, not enough for one person to do it. ①③④ B .
①②⑥ C .②④⑤ D .
②③⑤ 12。 The following is an incorrect understanding and analysis of the original text.
The author appreciates Xie Jingchu's behavior of doing practical things for the people, and later hears his comments on what's going on in the world, so he writes down the matter of building a dam for him, which can also be used for reference and thinking by future generations. B.
With the spirit of hard work, taking the lead and sharing weal and woe with the people, Xie Jingchu organized and led the people to build the sea dam, which fully reflected his way of being an official in urgent need of the people. C.
This paper comprehensively uses narrative and discussion methods to explain the reasons for writing, affirm Xie Jingchu's words and deeds, and reflect the author's own concept of governing the country from the side. d .
Xie Jingchu criticized the grandstanding of contemporary officials and opposed indulging in the journey of knives, pens and books. He believes that the reason for the poor education in the Song Dynasty in the past hundred years is that officials lack the idea of benefiting the people. 13。
Translate underlined sentences in classical Chinese reading materials into modern Chinese. (10) (1) Xie Jun recorded the beginning of his achievements with a book, saying, "Let the newcomers take a test, and it won't be embarrassing after the test.
(5 points) (2) It is a county, and it is not conceited and does not care about people's urgency. (3 points) (3) Yu Liang takes his words seriously.
(2 points) Reference answer: 9. C (more: obvious, clear. )
10。 C (both adverbs indicate rhetorical mood.
Item A (1) auxiliary, used between the subject and the predicate, cancels the independence of the sentence; ② Syllable auxiliary words. Item b (1) conjunction, indicating a turning point; 2 conjunctions, indicating inheritance.
Item d (1) conjunction, indicating the purpose; 2 conjunctions, table modification. ) 1 1。
B 12 .a) The author first heard his comments on what is happening in the world, and then heard his practices.
) 13。 (10) (1)(5) Xie Jun asked me to write down the completion of the dam. He said, "Let future generations have materials that can be verified, so that they will not destroy the dam and keep the dam intact."
Pay attention to the translation of "One", "Number", "Examination", "Zi" and "Xi". ) (2)(3 points) He served as a county magistrate (or: managing county affairs) and did not ignore the urgency of the people because of his conceit.
Pay attention to the translation of "Wei", "Yi" and "Hu". I really think what he said is right.
Pay attention to the translation of "good" and "take" as "nature". )。
3. Ouyang's 200-word sentiment after reading "Ancient prose" means that only by studying hard, concentrating and working hard can he succeed.
Ouyang studied hard. Ouyang Gong was lonely at the age of four, with a poor family and no assets. Taifuren painted the land with dí and taught it with calligraphy.
Recite many ancient chapters. And it's a little longer, and there are no books to read at home, so I borrowed it from Lishi's home or copied it.
Even forget to eat and sleep, but reading is a service. Poetry and prose written since childhood, to adulthood.
Ouyang Xiu's father died when he was four years old. His family is very poor and there is no money for him to study.
The wife wrote on the beach with a reed pole and taught him to write. He also taught him to read many ancient chapters.
When I was old and had no books to read at home, I went to a scholar's house in the village to borrow books, and Ouyang Xiu sometimes copied them. In this way, day and night, forget all about eating and sleeping, just concentrate on reading.
Poetry and prose written since childhood have reached the level of adults.
4. Fan Zhongyan studied hard for the answer 1/ Choose 3, 2.
. . 2. What is wrong is procrastination, volunteering, amazement, praise, pleading and excitement. . 3, even if, also. Make sentences; Although mother was ill, she still insisted on going to work. In order to realize his ambition, Fan Zhongyan studied hard and endured the unbearable hardships of ordinary people. I suddenly enjoy such a good meal now, and I can't stick to it in the future. 6. Understanding means that as long as you have perseverance and determination, you will succeed. 7. Punctuation,,,. ,'',''。 8. I realized his great ambition and spirit of "worrying about the world first, and enjoying the world later". 9. Idioms; Smell the chicken dancing, steal the light from the wall, forget all about eating and sleeping, stand in the snow and don't let go of the volume. Famous sayings 1 Reading a trip to Wan Li Road, thousands of books. Wisdom comes from diligence and genius comes from accumulation. Genius is 99% sweat and 1% inspiration ... you should do synchronous exercises in the new classroom or study Fan Zhongyan seriously.
Fan Zhongyan was two years old and lonely, and his mother was poor and helpless, which was suitable for Changshan Zhu. I (Dragon), knowing my family, feel sad, bid farewell to my mother and go to school. Study hard day and night and sleep without taking off your clothes for five years. Or the night is lazy and needs water to live. Often porridge is not poured, and vegetables are just eaten one day. Therefore, the purpose of the Six Classics is to embrace the world. I often recite with high energy: worry about the world first, and enjoy it later. )
1 Yueyang Tower
2 A
Losing your father, so sometimes you just
Fan Zhongyan lost his father when he was two years old, and his mother was poor and helpless, so he had to remarry a Zhu in Changshan.
When Fan Zhongyan grew up, he knew his life experience and was grateful to his mother for raising him, so he left home to study in Du Nan.
Fan Zhongyan studied hard day and night and slept without taking off his clothes for five years. Sometimes when I am sleepy at night, I wash my face with cold water. I often can't even eat thick porridge, and I don't eat until the sun goes down. So he finally mastered the essence of the Six Classics, was impassioned, and had the ambition to shoulder the country's prosperity. He often recites two sentences in his works: "Scholars worry about the world first, and then enjoy the world."
5. Ask 10 classical Chinese reading questions and answers 1. Huang Wanqiao is young and wise to Huang Wan.
Grandfather Joan, the satrap for Wei Jun. Solar eclipse in the first month of the first year of Jianhe.
The capital didn't see it, but Joan smelled it. The queen mother asked her how much she had eaten.
Joan thinks she is right. I don't know what's going on. Seven-year-old Wan said, "Why don't you say that the eclipse is like the beginning of the month?" Joan was frightened, that is to say, she loved it with her words.
Note ①: Year number of Emperor Huan of Han Dynasty. The first year of Jianhe 147.
② Missing the capital: There is no solar eclipse in the capital. Cultural knowledge "Empress Dowager" and so on.
Since the Qin Dynasty, the son of heaven has been called "the emperor" and the wife of the emperor has been called "the queen". "Empress Dowager" (or Empress Dowager) refers to the emperor's mother (the mother of Zhou Dynasty governors is also called "Empress Dowager"), and the emperor's father is called "Tai shang huang".
The emperor's grandmother is called "Empress Dowager" and the emperor's grandfather is called "Empress Dowager". "Tai" means supreme, so the emperor's doctor is called "Tai Yi", the emperor's teacher is called "Tai Shi" and the emperor's ancestral temple is called "Tai Miao".
Thinking and practice 1, explanation: ① imperial edict ② strange 2, translation: ① Joan thinks she is right and doesn't know what's going on; (2) respond to your words; (3) Choice: "Joan listens to her words" has the following understanding, which one is incorrect? (1) Huang Qiong therefore heard about this situation; (2) Huang Qiong reported this situation to the emperor; (3) Huang Qiong let the emperor hear this situation. 4. Understanding: What did Huang Wan say after the eclipse? 2. Zhuang Yougong, a prodigy, is known as a prodigy in Zhuang Yougong, central Guangdong.
My home is adjacent to the Guangdong General's Office, and we fly kites for fun. I'll stay in the general's office and ask directly. The soldiers took their extraordinary gods and said, "Where is that boy?" Zhuang is right.
The general said, "Have you ever studied? Right? " Zhuang said, "Yes, it's a piece of cake, why not!" The general said, "How many words can you correct?" Zhuang said, "One word can be written, and a hundred words can be written." The general praised his greatness and ordered him to say, "The ancient paintings are the same, the dragons don't sing, the tigers don't scream, the flowers don't smell, and the birds don't sing. This boy is ridiculous."
Zhuang said, "Just play a game of chess here." Answer the cloud: "Half a game of chess, no wheels in the car, no saddles in the horse, no fireworks in the cannon, and no food for the pawn. Be alert when shouting. "
Note ① Central Guangdong: Panyu City, Guangdong Province today. ② Zhuang Yougong: a native of the Qing Dynasty, official to the minister of punishments.
3 God: God and temperament. (4) Have you ever been right? Have you ever learned to pair? ⑤ Hall business: refers to the lobby.
⑥ Fireman: a cook in the army. Cultural knowledge chess.
Go and chess are two major chess activities in China. Most experts believe that there is chess after Go.
The word "chess" first appeared in "Chu Ci Evocation". From the Qin and Han Dynasties to the early Tang Dynasty, there were only four arms of chess: general, chariot, horse and pawn. In the Tang Dynasty, "cannon" was added, and in the Northern Song Dynasty, "parallel" and "Zen" were added, which were equivalent to "scholar" and "elephant".
It was not until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty and the beginning of the Southern Song Dynasty that China's chess was really finalized: a set of 32 pieces, divided into generals, soldiers, elephants, soldiers, cars, horses and cannons. Thinking and practice 1, explanation: ① the department is suitable for 3 games, boasting 4 to 5, 2, translation: ① the service is neglected because of its youth; (2) awkward words; 3 Zhuang is right; 4 why is it difficult! 3. Cao Zhi Conghui Cao Zhi is in his teens. He reads "Poetry" and "On" with hundreds of thousands of words and is good at writing.
Taizu tasted the article and said, "What about inviting people to do evil?" Plant knelt down and said, "Say what you want, write what you want, and take care of the interview. Why invite people? " When his pen was made, it left a deep impression on people.
Hair is quite different. Note ① Poetics: refer to The Book of Songs and The Analects of Confucius.
② Fu: an ancient style. ③ Taizu: refers to Cao Cao.
4 theory: discussion. ⑤ Ye: Ancient place name, in present-day Henan Province.
⑥ Copper Quetai: A pavilion built by Cao Cao in Yecheng. Cao Zhi, a writer of cultural common sense.
Cao Zhi is the son of Cao Cao. He was enlightened at an early age. As can be seen from the above, when he was a teenager, he had read quite a lot of books and written well.
Because of his talent, he was favored by Cao Cao in his early years and once wanted to be a prince, which caused his younger brother Cao Pi's jealousy. After Cao Pi proclaimed himself emperor, Cao Zhi became more suspicious and died of depression.
Most of his poems are five words. Several wounds in the early stage reflected social unrest and his own ambition, while in the later stage he expressed his depressed mood. There is a "Cao Zijian Collection" today.
Thinking and practice 1, explanation: ① Gu, ② ③ Hui, ④ Zhu, ⑤ Zhu, ② Zhu, and ② Translation: Good writing; 2 why do you want to invite people; Mao is very different. Understand: What does "considerable" mean? 4. Write "Seven-step Poems" from memory. 4, buns are difficult to visit Qi Tianzu in court, and there are thousands of diners.
There are people who offer fish and geese, and Tian regards it, so he says, "Heaven is rich in the people! Cultivate grains and give birth to fish and birds. " All the guests are in harmony.
One of Bao's twelve-year-old sons is also sitting there. He said, "Not as good as your words. Everything in the world is born with me, and so is class.
There is no nobility, only Xiao Zhi, who eats each other and is not born for each other. People eat what they can eat. Is heaven for life? Moreover, gnats have skins, tigers and wolves eat meat, and it is not natural for gnats and tigers and wolves to eat raw meat! Note ① Tian's family: Tian's family in Qi State (noble).
2 Ancestors: The ancients traveled far away to hold banquets to worship the road gods known as "ancestors". 3 complex: Yu.
4 Bai Sheng: Not for each other's survival. (5) gnats: a blood-sucking insect.
6 ho: bite. Cultural common sense diners.
During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, people who relied on their skills to take refuge in the nobility were called "diners". In order to attract talents and show their strength, powerful families have diners ranging from 3 thousand to hundreds.
Some diners are good at making suggestions, some are good at diplomatic rhetoric, and people who are good at stealing chickens and dogs can sometimes become diners. Diners are graded according to their abilities.
Thinking and practice 1, interpretation: ① and ② and ③ and ④ the second category, translation: ① the sky is thicker than the people; 2 Not as good as your words; ③ It's just a matter of cleverness; ③ The "difficult" in the topic "Steamed buns are hard to be a guest" is interpreted as. 5. Cao Shaokui caught a "strange" monk in Luoyang who had a room that kept ringing day and night.
Monks feel strange, and fear becomes sick. Ask the warlock to forbid it in every way, and there can be no one.
Shao Kui was very kind to the monks. When they came to ask questions, the monks told them, and, um, they rang the fasting bell. When it was over, they were silent. Shao Kui said with a smile, "We can have a banquet tomorrow, so we should get rid of it."
The monk didn't believe Shao Kui's words, but he was expecting results, so he was waiting. After eating, I filed it out of my arms, filed it in several places, and it rang.
When the monk asked him why, Shao Kuiyun said, "This harmony and the clock beat and hit each other." The monk was very happy. He recovered from his illness.
Note ① Qing: a percussion instrument. Monks use it for Buddhism.
Warlock: Right.
6. Ouyang Xiu carefully studied and read the original answer.
Ouyang Gong was lonely at the age of four, with a poor family and no assets. Mrs. Tai painted the ground with a shovel and taught it with calligraphy. Recite many ancient chapters. And it's a little longer, and there are no books to read at home, so I borrowed them from scholars or copied them. Even forget to eat and sleep, but reading is a service. Poetry and prose written since childhood, to adulthood.
translate
Mr. Ouyang Xiu's father died when he was four years old. His family is poor and has no money to study. The wife wrote on the beach with a reed pole and taught him to write. And taught him to read many ancient chapters. When I am old and have no books to read at home, I go to a nearby reader's house to borrow books, and sometimes I copy them. In this way, day and night, sleepless, just concentrate on reading. Poems and essays written since childhood are written at the level of adults, so high.
As far as this article is concerned, Ouyang Xiu's spirit worth learning is: diligent study, hard practice and courage to contribute.
Ouyang Xiu's success, besides his own efforts, also has a reason to promote his growth: his parents are well educated and strict with him.
Reading training
1. The meaning of the word "book" in the text is the same as in which of the following sentences? ()
A strangely, a pawn bought a fish to cook and got a book in the fish's stomach.
B. if the official letter is not a stingy letter like Zhang.
C. One person attached a book, and two people died.
D. It is called "Chen Wangsheng" in "Dan Shu Bo" and put it in the stomach of the fish.
2. Translate sentences.
Ouyang Xiu was four years old and lonely. Translation:
(2) Only reading is a service. Translation:
3. As far as this article is concerned, Ouyang Xiu's spirit worth learning is:
Ouyang Xiu's success is not only due to his own efforts, but also due to his growth.
answer
1.D
Ouyang Xiu's father died when he was four years old. He just devotes himself to his studies.
3. Study hard and concentrate.
4. Parents have good education and strict requirements.
After reading the reference answers in Ouyang Xiu's "Hard Learning", do students feel that their understanding of this article is not deep enough? If so, take the time to correct it.