During the Yuanfeng period (1078-1085), when Su Shi was the magistrate of Xuzhou, he built a tower on the east gate of the city, called the Huang Tower. Chen Shidao went up to the building to compose this poem in 1088 (the third year of Yuanyou), the year after he became a professor in Xuzhou. Fushan Jushi is the nickname of Zhang Zhonglian, a Taoist from Chen Shi. Therefore, this poem was written by someone who climbed high to visit a friend. The first six sentences describe what he saw when he climbed high, and the last two sentences bring out memories of friends, which fits the title of the poem.
The first two sentences paint a picture of a bright and clear sky at dusk after snow. There is no smoke lingering from the houses in the forest. It can be seen that it is evening. Because the smoke has dispersed, the thatched cottages in the forest are clearly visible. As far as the eye can see, there is a feeling of vast desert and cold. All this, plus the snow on the city walls, heralds the end of the year. On the surface, these two sentences are ordinary descriptions of scenes, but they are quite suitable for the scene of climbing a building after snow. These two sentences are like the famous line from the Tang Dynasty ancestral chant: "The forest shows the beauty of the sky, and the city becomes colder at dusk."
The description of the scene in the couplet further shows Chen Shidao's skill in cooking words and refining sentences. The sun shines through the thin clouds, reflecting the snow on the pine branches, making it look particularly bright; the evening breeze blows into the mountains with streams crisscrossing the mountains, bringing with it bursts of chill. Each word in this couplet has its own meaning, and there is absolutely no redundant words. "Sun" is not an ordinary day, but a "cloud sun", which expresses the scene of thin clouds covering the sun after snow; "snow" is "pine snow", which gives readers a picture of green and white pine and snow. "Mountain" means "Xishan" and "wind" means "evening breeze". They both try to convey as many images as possible to readers in the most concise words. However, the most wonderful thing in this couplet is the two words "ming" and "jin". With these two words, the whole sentence comes alive, making people feel like seeing the snow scene and hearing the sound of the wind, so I just return to "Yingkui Lvsui" The comment said: "The characters 'Ming' and 'Jin' are both poetic."
The neck couplet also writes about what he saw when he climbed up the stairs. However, the three characters "Drunkenly Yin Zhong" belong to the poet himself, and the people and scenery are integrated into it. Together. The language of this couplet is plain and clear as words, but the dialogue is stable. Although it is not as refined as the previous couplet, it is full of interest, and the poet's unrestrained and high-spirited mood has come to light on the page. And this interest is more fully expressed in the last two sentences.
According to "Book of Jin", when Wang Huizhi was living in Shanyin, one night when the snow started to fall, he suddenly remembered his friend Dai Kui who lived in Shanxi, so he took a boat to see him and arrived in Shan the next night. River, but he did not go to visit his old friend, but returned to the boat. When others asked him why, he said: "I came here in pleasure and returned after all my pleasure, why did I need to see Dai?" This story of visiting Dai on a snowy night has always been a source of inspiration for poets. The poets quoted extensively, and used their words to express the elegance and pleasure of the distinguished scholar. Chen Shidao explores its meaning in a deeper level here. It means that Wang Huizhi became interested in visiting Dai Kui because of his visit. After the excitement died down, his thoughts of remembering Dai Kui also subsided. The poet would rather not visit Zhang Zhonglian and make himself exhausted, so that he can remember his friend forever. These two sentences not only show the poet's diluted feelings, but also the sincerity of his friendship, giving this overused allusion a new meaning. Moreover, this is not only suitable for the environment after the snow, but also suitable for the poem title of the friend, which shows the precision of Chen Shidao's use of allusions.
The first six sentences of the poem describe Huanglou after snow, and the last two sentences send a letter to a friend. The structure is strict. However, the poet's broad-minded and dilute mood has been revealed in the description of the scene, so the last two sentences are concentrated in one breath, even and coordinated. The so-called blending of scenes can be seen here.