Year: Tang Dynasty
Author: Wei
content
Where is your hometown? It's leisurely to think about it.
Autumn night in Huainan, the high house smells wild geese coming.
Appreciate:
In 783, four years after the founding of the People's Republic of China, Wei was appointed as the secretariat of Chuzhou by Yuan Wailang of Shangshu Bishi Department. I left Beijing in the first summer and arrived in autumn. This song "Yan Wen" was written shortly after he arrived in Chu.
It's a rainy night in autumn. Poets sitting alone in Gaozhai, listening to the continuous autumn rain outside in the dark night, feel the depth of the night, the cold of autumn and the emptiness of Gaozhai more and more. Such a bleak and lonely environment will inevitably touch the thoughts of distant officials. Wei lives in Chang 'an, which is more than two thousand miles away from Chuzhou. Even if you climb the stairs to lead the distance during the day, you will feel blocked by Yunshan and return to the road. It was dark at night and I looked around vaguely. Naturally I don't know where it is. The remoteness of hometown is directly proportional to the long composition of homesickness. This long night and continuous autumn rain make this homesickness endless and carefree. One or two sentences, the first sentence begins with a question, the second sentence begins with a sigh, and the implication contains infinite disappointment. The word "Fang" reveals self-righteousness and arrogance towards senior three and senior four.
Just when the homesickness could not be controlled, the poet sitting alone in Gaozhai heard the geese calling from far and near. On the lonely night of autumn rain, this voice is particularly sad, which makes it even more difficult for poets who have been sleepless all night because of homesickness to think about it. The poem came to an abrupt end when it was written here, leaving no mention of the feelings caused by "Yan Wen" for readers to recite and play. "After thinking, I said Yan Wen, and my feelings are deep. Say it backwards, and you can get close. "(Shen Deqian's" Gao Shi Bie Cai ")
From the text alone, it seems that what the poem expresses is nothing more than the homesickness of a distant official. However, the bleak and sorrowful feelings and the autumn sound and autumn meaning pervade the whole poem make readers vaguely feel that there is a shadow of the times behind this poem "Homesickness" and "Yan Wen", which contains the poet's feelings for the times and society.
Shen Deqian said: "Five-character quatrains, the nature of sincerity, the sublimity of white, the ancient style of Suzhou, converge into a chemical machine" ("On Poetry"). Gu Lian is indeed the style feature of Wei's five-character quatrains. From this poem by Yan Wen, we can see that he consciously used the sentence patterns, language and expression techniques of ancient poems while maintaining the characteristics of "the meaning should be implicit and the language should be inclusive", forming a lofty and far-reaching artistic conception. Between verses, avoid excessive jumping, and the language also strives to be concise and natural, avoiding carving. One or two sentences are also mixed with sentence syntax of scattered culture. This style is different from Bai Juyi's simple language to express the interests of daily life (such as Bai Juyi's A Suggestion for My Friend Liu).
Chihe
Tang Bai Juyi
There is no companion in front of the bamboo cage, and there is a weather vane in the chickens.
At first, I bowed my head for fear that cinnabar would fall, and hanging my wings often suspected that the snow would disappear.
When it comes to the color of cormorants, I think the voice of parrots is very charming.
What do you think when the wind blows? Looking forward to the clouds and water in Qingtian.
Make an appreciative comment
This is a captive crane with different personality and appearance (stand out from the crowd). It will not serve the powerful like a cormorant, nor will it please others like a parrot. The crane sings beautifully. After the Han Dynasty, "crane" or "crane" was often used as a metaphor for a gentleman in poetry. In this poem, things are used to express feelings, and the word "melancholy" is used to express the poet's boredom and helplessness in official life, and to express the poet's yearning for seclusion.
At that time, the poet was demoted to Jiangzhou Sima and began to "live in seclusion" and built a thatched cottage in Lushan Mountain. His thought has changed from "saving the world" to "being immune to the world", and more and more leisurely and sad poems have appeared.
"There is no companion in front of the high bamboo cage, and there is a weather vane in the chaotic chicken." This sentence is easily reminiscent of a word that stands out from the crowd. I can't find a bosom friend in front of the tall bamboo cage, and I also highlight my manners and integrity in the common chicken.
"I am afraid that the cinnabar will fall when I bow my head, and I often doubt that the snow will disappear." On the surface, this sentence means that the red-crowned crane does not dare to bow its head, and the noble symbol cinnabar has fallen off its head, fearing that the white coat color will become unsightly when drying its wings. In a sense, there should be another layer: bow your head, not only worrying that the symbol of nobility is no longer there, but also because bow itself represents submission and humility, which is contrary to the image of loneliness; "Sun-drying the wings often makes the snow disappear". The snow here not only refers to the coat color, but also maintains a holy innocence. As a result, the image of a lofty and aloof red-crowned crane is highlighted.
"I feel that under the color of cormorants, I feel that the voice of parrots is very charming." Looking around in a blink of an eye, I feel that the color of the cormorant is very dirty, and the shallow parrot who is good at parroting is too delicate. Both of them are not only poor in image and temperament, but also good at serving and pleasing their masters, and they have no freedom and opinions at all, let alone a pair of arrogant.
"When you think about something in the breeze, you look forward to the sea of clouds in Qingtian." There is no bosom friend, no master's favor, only a sigh in the cage and a melancholy look in the distance. The unreachable land of clouds and water is a paradise for dreams. What the red-crowned crane thinks about is not only precious freedom, but also the appreciation of bosom friends and the anguish that ideals and ambitions cannot be realized. But he hopes to keep his aloof personality and extraordinary temperament and talent, and he can soar in the clouds in the future.
This poem can also be said that the author expresses his ambition with things and controls people with things.
Chihe (2 nd) Bai Juyi
There are few cranes in the pool, so I'm afraid it's the old commander of Liaodong.
Knitting sweaters with snow pine branches, knees and calves, as well as flowers and diamonds.
If you wander low and stay in a cage, you will eventually fly out of the sky.
If you ask where the nest is, the owner falls in love and fails to return.