The north and south of the thatched cottage are all springs, and the flock of gulls flew in.
The flower diameter ② has never been swept by guests, and the Peng door ③ is only open for you now.
It's a long way to the market, and there's not much I can offer you.
Ken ⑥ drank with his neighbor Weng and called for more than seven cups through the fence.
Precautions:
① Selected from Detailed Interpretation of Du Fu's Poems (Zhonghua Book Company, 1979 edition). This poem was written about two years ago (76 1). At this time, Du Fu lived in the thatched cottage next to Huanhuaxi outside the western suburbs of Chengdu, and his life was relatively stable. Under the title of the poem, the original author noted: "I like Cui Mingfu." Mingfu, the title of county magistrate in Tang Dynasty. Pass, visit.
(2) [Flower diameter] This refers to a path outside Du Fu's Caotang, with wild flowers on the roadside.
(3) [Pengmen] The portal made by Cao Peng indicates that the house is simple.
(4) [Pan (sūn) city is far from these two flavors] Because it is far from the town (you can't buy delicious food), the dishes on the plate taste monotonous. Dining, cooked food. Delicious and delicious.
⑤ 【 fermented grains (pē i) 】 Unfiltered wine.
6.[ Ken] Right, right.
⑦ [Call] The call is over.
Travel night book Huai (1) Du Fu
The breeze is rippling on the grass bank, and it is dangerous to sail alone at night.
The stars tilt down from the empty place, and the moon runs from the upper reaches of the river.
I hope my art can bring me fame, so that I will not be tortured when I am old and sick! ⑤.
Flying around, flying around, what am I like, just a sandpiper in the vast world! .
Precautions:
① Selected from Detailed Interpretation of Du Fu's Poems (Zhonghua Book Company, 1979 edition). In the first year of Yongtai (765), Du Fu's good friend, Chengdu Yin, died, leaving Du Fu helpless and having to leave Chengdu. This poem was written on his way from Chengdu to Yuzhou (now Chongqing) and Zhongzhou (now Zhongxian, Chongqing). Travel night, travel night.
(2) [dangerous] high mast. Dangerous, high. A mast for hanging sails.
(3) The sky is low, and Yuan Ye is particularly vast.
(4)[ If only my art could bring me a reputation] What is the difference between my reputation and my articles? This sentence has the opposite meaning to the next one.
(5) [Officials should (y and yīng) ask for old sick leave] The official actually retired because of old age and illness. Du Fu's dismissal was because he angered Tang Suzong by saving the house (gu m ? n). Room? (697-763), a former prime minister, was later demoted due to defeat. Should, think it's ok, it's ok.
Ode to Ancient Ruins (1) Du Fu (3)
Wanzhong Valley approaches Jingmen ②, and there are villages for the growth of Ming Princess ③.
When I went to Zitai, I even went to Shuomo, leaving Zhong Qing alone until dusk.
Her face! Can you imagine the spring wind? 7. Ring? Empty soul.
The Tatar song on her jade guitar tells her eternal sadness.
Precautions:
① Selected from Detailed Interpretation of Du Fu's Poems (Zhonghua Book Company, 1979 edition). There are five * * * poems about historic sites, and the third one is about Wang Zhaojun. There are two opinions about the writing time of this poem: First, it was written in Kuizhou (now Fengjie, Chongqing) in the first year of Dali (766). On the other hand, it was made on the way from the canyon to Guizhou (now Zigui, Hubei) and Jiangling in the third year of Dali (768).
② The name of [Jingmen] Mountain is in the northwest of Yidu County, Hubei Province.
(3) [Fei Ming] is Wang Zhaojun, and later generations changed their names to Mingjun and Fei Ming because they avoided Si Mazhao. Zhaojun Village, 40 miles northeast of Guizhou, is said to be the birthplace of Wang Zhaojun.
(4) [Zitai] is the name of Purple Palace and Han Palace.
(5) [Shuomo] The land of quicksand in the north. New moon, north.
⑥ [zh ǒ ng] refers to the tomb of Zhaojun, which is 20 miles south of Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Legend has it that there is a lot of white grass on the border, but the grass on Zhaojun's tomb is green. A grave.
⑦ We xǐng see her youthful face from the portrait. According to "Miscellanies of Xijing", the Han and Yuan emperors ordered painters to choose one by one because of the large number of maids. In order to please the emperor, ladies-in-waiting paid bribes to painters, but Wang Zhaojun was the only one who refused to pay bribes because of his beauty. The painter deliberately painted her ugly and unlucky. After Huns Khan called Xie Han to the DPRK, he sought beauty for E Shi (y ā n zh:), and Yuan Di sent Zhao Jun to be summoned when he left, which seemed to be the first in the harem; Yuan Di regretted it, but it was irreversible. Preserve knowledge, not knowledge.
8 [ring? Empty, her soul returns on a moonlit night. This means that Zhao Jun is dead, buried in the desert, and can't return to Han, even if he returns on a moonlit night, it will be in vain. A ring? Yu Pei, dressed in ancient costume, refers to Zhaojun here. Moonlight, also known as jathyapple.
(9) Thousands of years later, the music played by pipa clearly tells her resentment. This refers to the pipa "Zhaojun Tomb", which is said to have been written by Wang Zhaojun. Hu Yu refers to the music of Hu people. Discuss and tell.
Pavilion Night (1) Du Fu
However, the day in winter is shortened on the elemental scale, and the frosty night at the end of the world is shortened.
The sound of drums and horns (4) is solemn and stirring, and the milky way sky passes through three mountains (5).
I heard women crying after the battle in the distance, and I saw savage fishermen and loggers at dawn.
The last loess of Wolong prancing horse, be quiet for a while, oh, the noise of the world. ⑩.
Precautions:
① Selected from Detailed Interpretation of Du Fu's Poems (Zhonghua Book Company, 1979 edition). This poem was written by Du Fu when he lived in Xige, Kuizhou in the winter of the first year of Dali (766).
(2) 【 and winter sunlight is shortened on the elemental scale (yǐ ng) 】 It means that winter is coming and the days are getting shorter and shorter. End of the year, winter, end of the year. Yin and Yang, in ancient China, the sun was facing the sun, and the back was cloudy, which refers to the change of the length of day and night. The sunshine time is getting shorter and shorter. Scenery, shadows, sunshine.
(3) 【 Tianya Frost and Snow Cold Night 】 The frost and snow all over the sky stopped on this cold night. Ji, the snow has stopped.
(4) 【 drum and horn 】 refers to the local garrison has started to act before dawn. Drums and horns are both military instruments, which are used to tell the time or give orders.
⑤ The stars reflected in the Three Gorges water are swaying. The Milky Way refers to the stars in the sky.
6. [I heard women wailing in the distance after the war] When the news of the war came, thousands of families cried all over the fields. War refers to Cui Yan's rebellion. In April of the first year of Yongtai, (y) following Jiannan as the ambassador, Chengdu Yin; In October, when Kibaki attacked, Guo fled to Jianyang and was killed by Han Cheng. Since then, a group of military generals loyal to Guo have joined forces to crusade, causing chaos in Shu.
⑦ 【 I saw the savage fishing firewood in the morning light 】 In several places, the fishing firewood sang folk songs. Yi people's songs refer to the ballads of Sichuan ethnic minorities.
8 Wolong refers to Zhuge Liang.
Pet-name ruby 】 【 refers to Gongsun Shu, famous son Yang, help the wind. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, the world was in chaos. Relying on the danger of Shu, he became the son of heaven, nicknamed "Bai Di". Zuo Si's "Shu Du Fu": "Sun Yuema proclaimed himself emperor."
Listen in [be quiet for a while, oh, the noise of the world. ] personnel, refers to friends. Audio books refer to the comfort between relatives and friends. Loneliness, feeling lonely in vain. In vain, in vain.
Du Fu in Yang Lou, Deng Yue
I heard that Dongting Lake is magnificent before, but today's wish has finally reached Yueyang Tower.
There is Wu in the east and Chu in the south. I can see the endless floating of heaven and earth.
But I haven't heard from my relatives or friends. I am old and sick, and I am alone with my boat.
There are wars and mountains to the north of this wall, and beside this railing, how can I not cry? .
Precautions:
① Selected from Detailed Interpretation of Du Fu's Poems (Zhonghua Book Company, 1979 edition). This poem was written by the poet after he arrived in Yueyang (now Hunan) from Gongan (now Hubei) in the winter of the third year of Dali (768). Yueyang Tower is the west gate of Yueyang City.
(2) [There is Wu in the east and Chu in the south (chè)] refers to the division of territory between Wu and Chu based on this: there is Wu in the east and Chu in the south. Split, here extended to split.
(3) 【 I can see heaven and earth drifting endlessly 】 The sun, the moon, the stars and the earth float on Dongting Lake day and night. Notes on Water Classics Volume 38: "The lake is more than 500 miles wide, if the sun and the moon haunt it." (4) There is no news without sending a word. Words refer to letters.
(5) [I am old, weak, sick and disabled] Old, weak and sick, only accompanied by a boat. Du Fu spent most of his last three years on a boat, so he said so.
6. 【 There are wars and mountains to the north of this wall 】 The northern border war broke out again. In August this year, Tubo attacked Lingwu (now north of Zhongwei in Ningxia) with 100,000 people and Zhangzhou (now Xunyi West in Shaanxi) with 20,000 people. Military, refers to war.
Du Fu Bridge to Nantai 1 Land Tour
I heard that Nantai is looking for 2.
On the ninth track, a thousand ships crossed the river.
The bells and drums in the temple building urge the dawn, and the streets are from ancient times to the present.
White hair does not get rid of heroism, drunk flute sitting capacity 5.
1. Nantai is an island in the Minjiang River outside Fuzhou, also known as Nantai Mountain. A pontoon bridge is a bridge built with boats as piers.
2. Customer: I am away from home. Abandoned boarding: I haven't climbed the mountain for a long time.
3. Nine tracks: nine ruts side by side; Thousand ships: refers to a pontoon bridge composed of many ships. The use of "nine tracks" and "thousands of ships" here to describe the width and length of the pontoon bridge is not really meaningful. Tie, tie together.
Write these two sentences about what you saw and heard in Nantai Island. The first sentence is to write the bell and drum of temple architecture to wake up the dawn and be realistic; The last sentence, writing about the clouds in the market (village) is to learn from the past and read the present, not to write empty. The contrast between reality and reality is not only a description of the scenery, but also a lyric.
There are many banyan trees in Fuzhou, known as "Rongcheng", and Nantai Island is also shaded by banyan trees.
This poem was written in the 29th year of Shaoxing (1 159), and Lu You was thirty-five years old. In the autumn of the same year, he was transferred to Fuzhou to decide Cao. This poem describes the poet's experience of traveling to South Taiwan Province after his illness, and also describes the poet's emotional changes: he was too lazy to board the plane because of his long illness, and just wanted to travel to South Taiwan Province with the mentality of "trying to get it back". When crossing the river, I can't help but feel comfortable when I see the wide and long pontoon bridge lying on the waves, and the people on the upper reaches of the bridge are walking slowly, like a boat. On the island, you can smell the bells and drums on the temple building, visit the market and enjoy the clouds and smoke, which is full of vitality. At the same time, people have a feeling that time has passed and the years are in a hurry. The feeling of depression after a long illness was swept away. So he sat drunk under the banyan tree, played the flute and expressed his pride in his chest. The most striking feature of this poem is the blending of scenes, the contrast between reality and reality, and the ingenious combination of concise scenery description and delicate psychological description.
Visit Shanxi Village 1 Land Tour
Don't laugh at the farmer's mud wine, raise enough chickens and dolphins in good years 2.
There's a village where there's no road.
The flute and drum follow the Spring Club, and the clothes are simple.
From now on, if you take the moon leisurely, the staff will knock on the door all night.
1. Shanxi Village is located in Yin Shan (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang), the hometown of Lu You.
2. Waxed wine: the twelfth lunar month (that is, the twelfth lunar month) is a wine brewed in the New Year. Meat: the wine brewed by ordinary people often has some dregs left in it, which looks cloudy.
The scenes written in these two sentences can often be seen in reality, and people before Lu You also wrote them. For example, Wang Wei's "Lantian Mountain Shimen Jingshe": "I love Yunmuxiu coming from afar, and my initial intentions are different. Ann's clean stream suddenly meets Qian Shan "; Liu Zongyuan's "Yuan Jiake Ji": "If the boat is poor, it will suddenly be endless"; Lu Lun's "Sending Ji Zhongfu to Chuzhou": "There is no way in the dark, but there are flowers in my heart"; Geng Kun's "You Xian Shan Ji": "Flowers fall and you can't find the path, but chickens crow and feel there is a village"; Qiang Yan Wen's Lost Title: "There is no road at first sight in the distant mountains, and there is a village in the winding path"; Wang Anshi's On the River: "There is no winding green hills, but suddenly I see Qian Fan looming". Lu You's two sentences are more accurate in description, more elaborate in rhetoric and more fully expressed, so they are more likely to infect readers. This couplet originally described a specific scene in a corner of Yin Shan, but later people often quoted it alone to express a certain living situation and a certain philosophical thought. Later, some people even revised the above sentence to "the road without doubt" to highlight and emphasize the contrast effect. According to the scene described in the original poem, "running out of water" is obviously wrong; However, as a philosophical poem, it seems that "there is no way for mountains and rivers to be suspicious, and there is another village in the dark" is not enough to express the realm of "salvation". From the spread and change of this association, we can see an interesting phenomenon in literary psychology and literary sociology.
4. Socialization during the Spring Festival: It is an ancient custom that the fifth "E" day after beginning of spring is called "Social Day". People play flutes and drums, perform various programs, arrange all kinds of food, and offer sacrifices to the land god "Shegong" in order to pray for a good year.
5. Moonlight Wandering: Moonlight Wandering. Anytime: Anytime.
This poem was written in the second year of Song Dynasty (1 166), and Lu You was forty-two years old. A year ago, he was rejected by the Nanchang court and returned to his hometown of Yin Shan. The word "Xu Ruo" in the seventh sentence reveals that he is somewhat dissatisfied with this dismissal and still has some hopes for his future reinstatement. Therefore, the poet is not comfortable to retreat to other places at this time, nor will he really "knock on the door all night" and live with ordinary farmers. However, the poet loves the life of the countryside and farmers very much, so the scenery expressed in the poem will be so beautiful, the customs will be so simple and the farmers will be so lovely. A few words drew a wonderful rural landscape painting and farmers' custom map. But there is one thing that cannot be described with a brush, and that is the sincere feelings expressed by the author in his poems.
Jianmen Road 1 Land Travel in Light Rain
Dust and wine stains on clothes travel everywhere and disappear.
Is this body a poet? Drizzle 3 riding a donkey into the sword gate.
1. Jianmen, namely Jianmen Pass, is located in the northeast of Jiange County, Sichuan Province. This poem was written on the way from Hanzhong to Chengdu.
2. Dust collection, dust contaminated during the journey. Awakening: Being intoxicated with joy or immersed in pain can be called "awakening" or "ecstasy". This can be interpreted as excitement.
3. In the history of China literature, many famous writers, especially great poets, came from Sichuan or later lived in Sichuan, such as Sima Xiangru, Li Bai, Du Fu, Su Shi and Huang Tingjian. In this way, some people associate the poet's fame and maturity with Sichuan, as if his poetic attainments would be improved as soon as he entered Sichuan. Donkeys were a common means of transportation in ancient times, and poets often wrote about donkeys in their poems. For example, Li Bai rode a donkey in Huayin, and Du Fu claimed to have been riding a donkey for 30 years. Someone drew a picture of them riding donkeys at that time. Li He rode an ass to find poems, Jia Dao rode an ass to write poems, and Zheng Gui's famous sentence "Baqiao Snow Disaster, Poems on the back of an ass" are well-known stories in the history of poetry. In this way, the poet and the donkey have a special connection, as if the donkey were the poet's special mount. At this time, Lu You, who rode on the donkey's back and entered the sword gate, remembered these allusions. He had to ask himself: Are you qualified to be a poet? Also, are you only suitable for being a poet?
It is Lu You's specialty to create a typical image with some specific environment, specific props, even specific weather and some allusions (that is, "poetic materials" as mentioned in ancient poetry theory). For example, he used a short seven words and three things, that is, "the iron horse scattered the autumn wind" ("book anger"), and created a brave image galloping in the front line of national defense. In this poem, the poet describes himself as a typical poet with drizzle, donkey, sword door and clothes covered with dust and wine stains. These ordinary things, refined and combined by poets, left an indelible impression on readers, as if poets should be like this: some are romantic, some are lofty, some are shabby, and some are decadent and stubborn. ...