Su Dongpo never wants anything. He writes poetry anytime and anywhere, criticizes and denies, and simply expresses his feelings. His works reveal his nature, which is harmonious, vivid and powerful. He has a keen sense, thorough thinking and beautiful writing. As a brave man, he will never waver for his own interests, nor will he change because of the secular. He is an important member of the poetic innovation movement in the Northern Song Dynasty, and his poems can be free from the shackles of conventions, forming a "Dongpo style" full of rational interest. His ci broke through the limitations of traditional ci themes and expanded the realm of ci. He started a new era of Song Ci with poems as his lyrics, and was worthy of being a great writer in the peak period of Song literature development.
(1) Su Dongpo is the pioneer of a school of Ci in the history of Ci.
Su Dongpo is the pioneer of a school of Ci in the history of Ci and the initiator of a new historical stage. Su Ci is highly praised by contemporary scholars for its rich content and diverse styles. After the Northern Song Dynasty, Su Ci had a great influence in the north and south: in the north, Dongpo Yuefu prevailed in Zhongzhou, and the famous poets Cai Songnian, Wu Ji and Yuan Haowen collected almost all Su Ci-themed poems; Ye Mengde, Chen,, Xin Qiji in the Southern Song Dynasty. Their patriotic words became the mainstream in the Southern Song Dynasty. Until the Yuan Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty perished, Su Ci always nourished and influenced later poets.
(1) The Diversified Style of Su Dongpo's Ci
Su Shi's "Poetry as Ci" made Ci an independent lyric style, and changed the singer's Ci into a scholar-bureaucrat's Ci, focusing on expressing the author's spiritual outlook and aesthetic taste, which was a great liberation of Ci. Su Shi's life is full of ups and downs, complicated thoughts and rich feelings. Therefore, the content and style of his ci works are extensive: bold, graceful, simple, lofty, graceful and beautiful. In other words, they cannot be included in the word "unrestrained" or labeled as "graceful". (Note 4) Later generations think that Su Ci's style is bold and unconstrained, and its purpose is bold and unconstrained, which mainly means that it can express its mind with bold pen, and its artistic conception is detached, which expands the realm of Ci and breaks the routine of "statutes" of Ci, not specifically referring to its heroic momentum, magnificent weather and newly-built brushwork. Undoubtedly, this is indeed one of his styles, and "Jiangchengzi Mizhou Hunting" and "Niannujiao Red Cliff Nostalgia" are its representatives. "One river does not return, the waves are exhausted, and the eternal romantic figures" are really heroic; However, Su Shi also has many works about love and things, among which Shui Long Yin, Er Yun Ci and Love Flowers in Spring are his representative works. "Blowing willow cotton on the branches, there are plenty of fragrant grass in the end of the world", which is really graceful and tactful. Therefore, the style of Su Ci is colorful and really has everyone's demeanor. (Note 5)
Thirdly, Su Dongpo's personality charm and diversified ci styles complement each other.
Su Dongpo's life is a life of natural nature. His personality and ci style complement each other and set each other off. His writing style is natural. He is a peerless beauty in the history of China literature.
(1) Su Dongpo's Thought and Personality
The relegation of Huangzhou is an important turning point in Su Shi's thought. In the early stage, Confucianism was the main idea, and in the later stage, a lot of Buddhism and Taoism were involved, which made Confucianism outside the country become Buddhism inside. Confucianism's spirit of being kind and the illusory consciousness of Buddhism and Taoism to solve the suffering of life complement each other, so that his outlook on life has not developed into disgust and sorrow for social life. While he used the nihilistic thoughts of Buddhism and Laozi and Zhuangzi to solve the troubles of life, he also contained the Confucian scholars' consciousness of pursuing the perfection of moral personality in the harsh social and political environment. His broad-minded feelings of talking and laughing in do or die, his optimistic spirit through hardships and his willful and carefree attitude towards life are all the results of the joint action of these three thoughts. He assisted Buddhism and Taoism into Confucianism, and always kept the scholar-officials clean and honest; The noble and upright moral personality of Confucianism supports the Buddha's calm and open-minded, which makes him calm and noble, indifferent and detached, and makes him have a frank and faithful character, a self-adaptive mentality and a romantic and chic temperament all his life. (Note 6)
It is Su Dongpo who has such personality characteristics, and his ci has also formed a variety of styles, and the relationship between them is complementary and complementary.
(2) Taking Ding Fengbo as an example, we can see Su Shi's ci style and personality charm.
In the second year of Yuanfeng, Su Shi wrote some poems related to Wang Anshi's political reform, and was impeached as "with ulterior motives", so he was arrested in Huzhou and went to Yushitai prison. This is the famous "Five Historical Cases" in the history of literature. After he was released from prison, he was demoted as an assistant to Ambassador Ying Yong of Huangzhou. The word "Ding Feng Bo" was written when he lived in Huangzhou:
"Don't listen to the sound of beating leaves in the forest. Why not sing and walk? Bamboo poles and sandals are lighter than horses. Who's scared? A raincoat and hemp fiber, despite the wind and rain, still live my life. The coolness of spring breeze awakens my wine, and the cold begins to be cold, and the peak of the sun is the sun, but it is satisfied in time. Looking back at the bleak land, rain or shine. "
This word was written in the fifth spring of Yuanfeng. He went to Husha Lake, 30 miles southeast of Huanggang, to see the newly bought farmland. It is raining on the road. Because I didn't bring rain gear, all my colleagues were complaining and sighing, but Su Shi accepted it calmly. Afterwards, he wrote this word to describe this experience. (Note 7) The first paragraph comes straight to the point and names the topic. Suddenly, the shower came, hitting the leaves through the forest, and the sound was endless. However, the poet walked leisurely at this time, singing and whistling, and was very happy. As the sun sets, a touch of setting sun hangs over the top of the mountain, as if welcoming the poet. At this moment, the poet's original wine has withstood the baptism of wind and rain. Has dissipated. Looking back at the bleak place where the wind and rain have just passed, the sunset has put away its glory and everything has disappeared. After a storm, you often become relaxed, calm and comfortable. Nature is like this, so is life. What is written here is the poet's wind and rain experience, isn't it his experience and reflection on all the political situations he has experienced? This is a lyrical word, but also a philosophical word, which shapes a character who whistles and walks in the misty rain, and makes us realize a kind of outlook on life and attitude towards life that transcends the gains and losses of interests. (Note 8)
Su Shi had a rough life and was relegated to Huangzhou, Huizhou, Qiao Zhou and other places. However, repeated political attacks and persecution did not destroy his political ideal and belief in saving the people. Su Shi's thought is complicated, and Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism are unified but not contradictory in his mind. He admired Jia Yi and Lu all his life, and politically advocated that "everything is easy because of the law, and nothing is shocking"; In life, he thinks that "swimming outside things" means "doing nothing and being unhappy" and treats everything with a complacent attitude. Therefore, although he has been relegated repeatedly, he can take it in stride, be broad-minded and take his time. After he took office in every place, he always took the sufferings of the people to heart, cared about the people and did his duty. Although he traveled around, wherever he went, he built water conservancy projects, helped the victims, reduced taxes and observed the people's feelings. These achievements in benefiting the people are well received by the people, and his situation has also won the sympathy of the local people. In the local area, although the conditions are difficult, he still has not changed his optimistic attitude towards life and strong creative enthusiasm. Even if he is far away from the benefits and prospects for the future, he can accept things as they are. He was not intimidated by difficulties, but he gained something from his creation. During this period, he wrote a lot of poems and essays, and his poetic style was indifferent and profound, which became the last rust of Su Shi's life creation.
Su Shi actively joined the WTO all his life, and was an upright official representative who cared for the people and loved the people in feudal times. He is versatile and has achieved great success. His thoughts, works and personality are admired by later generations. His glorious image will go down in history forever, and his personality charm will shine forever.
I come from Ruzhou, Henan. I learned from Su Dongpo's biography and a lot of materials that he had lived in Ruzhou for three years and served as Ying Yong's deputy envoy. He has a soft spot for Ruzhou. Twenty-five kilometers east of Ruzhou, there is a cultural relic protection unit in Henan Province-Sansufen. 1987 When I graduated from high school, my classmates and I went to visit by bike. This summer vacation, I specially took my son there. According to the tour guide, Su Dongpo is really buried here. His elder brother Su Zhe was buried here with his elder brother, and their father Su Xun was a cenotaph.
Oh, it is the pride of our Ruzhou people that the great man dies and his spirit lives forever and sleeps here. Su Shi, a great man, wrote beautiful words that will be unforgettable for future generations!