The classification of poetic style is a complicated problem. Now just from a general point of view, simply talk about the poetic style of the Han, Wei, Six Dynasties, Tang and Song Dynasties.
Poems of the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties are generally called archaic poems, including ancient poems of Yuefu in the Han and Wei Dynasties, folk songs of Yuefu in the Southern and Northern Dynasties and literati poems in this period. Yuefu was originally the name of the official office. Yuefu songs are collected by Yuefu organs and sung with music scores. "Wen Xin Diao Long Yuefu" says: "Where Le Yan is a poem, it sounds like a song." From this, we can see the relationship between the three concepts of poetry, song and Yuefu: poetry refers to the lyrics made by poets, song refers to the music that matches poetry, and Yuefu refers to both. Later, the works written by copying the old theme of Yuefu or imitating Yuefu genre were also called Yuefu, although there was no soundtrack. In the middle Tang Dynasty, Bai Juyi and others started the new Yuefu movement, created new themes and wrote current events, so it was called the new Yuefu. From the metrical point of view, the poetic style after the Tang Dynasty can be roughly divided into two categories: modern poetry and ancient poetry. Modern poetry, also known as modern poetry, has certain meter. Classical poetry, also called archaic style, is written according to the practice of ancient poetry, and its form is relatively free, and it is not bound by metrical rules. Judging from the number of words in poetry, there are four-character poems, five-character poems and seven-character poems. Four words are four words, five words are five words and seven words are seven words. After the Tang Dynasty, there were few four-character poems, so they were usually divided into five-character poems and seven-character poems. Five-character ancient poems are referred to as five ancient poems for short; Seven-character ancient poems are referred to as seven ancient poems; The use of three, five and seven characters at the same time is generally considered as seven ancient characters. Five-character rhythmic poems are referred to as five laws for short, and are limited to eight sentences and forty words; Seven-character metrical poems are abbreviated as seven laws, and are limited to eight sentences and fifty-six words. More than eight sentences are called long method, which is also called exclusive method. The long method is generally a five-character poem. Only four sentences are called quatrains; Five lines * * 20 words, seven lines * * 28 words. There are two kinds of quatrains: absolute and ancient. The law should be restricted by Pingqimi, and the ancient law should not be restricted by Pingqimi. The ancient absolutely is generally limited to the five absolutely.
Prose is a wonderful flower in literature. China's literature has traces of prose for a long time, such as Ouyang Xiu's Zuiweng Pavilion, Fan Zhongyan's Yueyang Tower and so on. But the most successful is Xu Xiake's travel notes. Although this article belongs to the category of travel notes, in content and thought, it broke away from the simple lyrical article of borrowing scenery and created a new genre of prose. Since modern times, a large number of essayists have emerged in China. Such as Zhu Ziqing, Yang Shuo and Ai Qing. Some of their works are fresh and beautiful, and some are profound and dignified. But they all recorded and admired the establishment, growth and development of the new China. This has a profound influence on the later prose style.
To sum up, there are two main aspects worthy of attention in prose, namely genre and style.
Let's talk about genre first. There are several prose genres now. There are essays, modal particles, travel notes, narrative lyricism and so on. With the author's different feelings, the definition of each essay is different. In a few words, speak your mind, such prose is very essence, and complement modern poetry; Delicate and meticulous artistic conception, such prose is very concise, the author must have profound meaning, and must be understood in combination with the topic.
Talk about style. There are fresh, dignified, joyful, sad, positive, lonely and countless. But there is a purpose, that is, the writing must be beautiful and the article must be smooth. "The shape is scattered but the spirit is not scattered." There must be a finishing touch at the end, highlighting the theme and reflecting the idea of this article. In fact, life is like wine, and articles are like tea. A successful good article is a good article as long as it can attract readers' attention. Although prose has its own unique laws and categories, who is not moved by it as long as it is written from the heart? The same is true of awkward sentences in ancient poetry.