Zhang Xie
First, lyricism is euphemistic and implicit. Different from the generosity and sadness of Han and Wei poems, these three poems focus on their feelings and worries about daily life. They either worry about the world when they are hurt. "Worry makes them pale. Who can worry about it?" Wandering to Changfeng, tears touch the skirt "(Zhang Zai's" Seven Sorrow "II); Or write about women's thinking and concern for people, "Feeling much, sinking sorrow and knot heart songs" (one of Zhang Xie's miscellaneous poems); Or express homesickness, "I love Laopu, and I miss Laoshan. "Fujian is a snake in clothes, and flax is willing to swallow" (the eighth of Miscellaneous Poems);
Or spit out the troubles that you can't show your talents. "Yesterday, I was educated and talked about it. Swim into the secluded field, Luo Ou from Zhufa. If you don't use it in poor years, this product will be suitable "(the fifth of Miscellaneous Poems); Or sing about being poor and keeping ambition, "a gentleman keeps poverty and is not happy with his body", and "it is better to be born in Qian Lou than to take ambition from Ling" (the tenth of Miscellaneous Poems); Or praise the hermit "to donate customs and be detached from the world." Proud at the top of the hill, calm down and be foolish and wise "(Zhang Zai's" Introduction "). Although the thoughts and feelings of these poems are not profound and lofty, they are the real feelings of ordinary literati at that time, so they have considerable artistic appeal.
Second, write a detailed picture and cut out the objects. Three artful words describe natural scenery, and "artful words are like structures" (comment on the language of Zhang Xie's Poems) can be said to be the same feature of them. One of Zhang Zai's "Seven Mournings" depicts the bleak scene of the theft of the tomb of the Han family: "The soil has been destroyed, and the family has opened a secluded door. The pearl leaves the jade body and sees the treasure. The garden bed became a market, and all the ridges were blocked. Thorns are born, and paths are vertical. Between the fox and the rabbit, the filth is no longer swept away. Running a farm is both embarrassing and prosperous, and it is very cute. " The description is meticulous, and the scenes in troubled times are written with strong contrast.
Third, a poem by Zhang Xie, describing the feeling of thinking about women and cherishing people, in which "there is no trace of the house, and the grass in the court is green." Four sentences, "Moss on the empty wall, four rooms cobweb", through detailed scenery description, set off the deep nostalgia for the wanderer, which has a good lyric effect. Another example is Clouds Like Smoke, Dense Rain Like Scattered Silk (Part III of Miscellaneous Poems), which is used to describe the scene of dense clouds and rain, and Chen Gen is washed by heavy liquid, and green leaves rot autumn stems (Part X of Miscellaneous Poems), which is used to express the images of desolation and disability. All of them are subtle and lifelike, and there is indeed the spirit of "winning more with less, and all emotions are clear".
Fourth, the style is simple and exquisite, and the poems are beautiful and clean. The three poems are unpretentious, similar to Nineteen Ancient Poems, and different from Pan Luzhi's style, but not without merit. As can be seen from the above examples, their fine paste is largely due to the scrutiny and tempering of language. Their poems are often antithetical, such as Zhang Xie's Miscellaneous Poems IV, which describes the chilling scene after the autumn rain:
The sunrise welcomes the sun, and Dan is in Tanggu. Clouds are thick and dense, and rain is sparse. The breeze destroyed the grass and froze the tall trees. Dense leaves are sparse day and night, and the forest is like a bundle. It's too late to sigh in the past, and too late to grieve at night. With all kinds of worries at the end of the year, you will learn from the season.
Ten of the twelve sentences in the whole poem are even numbers, and the words and sentences are quite clever, which is totally not allowed by Pan Lu in rhetorical skills. It's just that they don't pursue ostentatious splendor and richness, especially avoiding the large-scale stacking and painting of land machines, but strive to be simple, light, bright and smooth, showing the characteristics of three poems in simplicity and exquisiteness. Regarding Zhang Xie's poems, Zhong Rong said: "The style of writing is clean, less sick and tired, and the words and sentences are clever." "The words are gorgeous, which makes people memorable and tireless." Sanzhang is unique among other schools of Taikang sports, and its language skills are better than those of Pan Lu. It can be seen that Sanzhang has a unique style among Taikang poets, representing a fresh and simple way, which has a certain influence on the poetic style of later generations.