When summer comes, people’s most prominent feeling is heat, so there are four-character expressions such as red sun, scorching sun, scorching sun, high fire umbrella, steaming heat, and summer is terrible. The poet Du Fu described the heat of summer in this way in "Summer Night Sigh": "The sun will never fade, the steaming heat poisons my intestines. The wind blows from thousands of miles away, fluttering my clothes. The bright moon rises in the sky, and the lush forests spread the light. "Midsummer is bitter and the nights are short, and the sky is open to enjoy the slight coolness." The clear verses express the scene of the long days and short nights, and the unbearable bitter heat. The word "poison" in particular describes the heat of summer vividly and deeply. Wang Yu, another poet of the Tang Dynasty, described summer as an "oven": "Zhu Rong comes from the south to whip the fire dragon, and the fire flag burns the sky red. The sun's disk is frozen at noon, and all the countries are like in an oven." ("The Journey of Bitter Heat") When the God of Fire Zhurong rushed from the south brandishing a fire whip, the entire sky was burned red by the fire flag. The sun at noon seemed to be frozen in the sky, motionless, and everywhere felt like it was in an oven. People really couldn't stand it anymore.
Due to the hot summer, cooling off has become everyone’s pursuit. Most people can only enjoy the cool air at night, so many poets have left us popular poems about enjoying the cool air. Meng Haoran, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote in a poem: "The mountain light suddenly sets in the west, and the moon in the pond gradually rises in the east. It spreads to enjoy the evening cool, and the pavilion is opened to lie in the open space. The lotus breeze brings fragrance, and the bamboo dew drops make a clear sound." ("The South Pavilion in Summer Huai Xin Da" ") Although this is a nostalgic poem, the scene of enjoying the coolness on a summer night described by the poet can make people feel the cool breeze from the lotus pond and hear the sound of dew dripping. Xin Qiji, a poet of the Song Dynasty, wrote about enjoying the cool weather in "The Moon on the West River: Night Walk on the Yellow Sand Road" in a vivid and interesting way: "The bright moon is frightening the magpies when it leaves the branches, and the cicadas are singing in the middle of the night. The fragrance of the rice flowers tells the story of a good year, and the sound of frogs is heard." The movement of the bright moon is startling. The magpies crawled on the branches, and the singing of cicadas came to the breeze in the middle of the night. Smelling the fragrance of rice flowers, people look forward to the grand harvest, while the frogs feeling the coolness in the pond sing in unison, adding moving vitality to the summer night. People not only enjoy the coolness at night, but also go to some summer resorts to escape the heat. Du Mu, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote in "Send a summer vacation to a neighbor in the south in Changxing to escape the summer heat": "Next to the Houjia Avenue, there are noisy cicadas and green trees. The unlocked cave door is far away, and the official residence with rolling shutters is cool. The fence is full of red medicine, and the shelves lead to long green dills. A long day with a pillow, the hometown of mountains, clouds and rivers. "Du Mu went to an official summer resort. It is located next to the avenue, with green trees and cicadas chirping. After unlocking the door, you are still far away from the cave where you can enjoy the cool air, but as soon as you enter the official residence, you will feel the comfortable coolness. The flowers and plants here are lush and pleasing to the eye. No wonder the poet fell asleep all day long. It is indeed a good place to escape the summer heat.
Although summer is unbearably hot, summer is the season when flowers and fruits mature, and there is no lack of fun and pleasure in enjoying the ripe fruits. Yang Wanli, a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, said in a poem: "The plums are sour and splash on the teeth, and the bananas are green and covered with window screens. I fall asleep in the sun and watch the children catching willow flowers." ("Sleep in Early Summer") In summer, eating plums with full sourness is a must. After finishing, there is still a trace of sour taste left on the teeth. When I woke up from my nap, I saw the children catching the flying catkins. I was infected by their happiness and felt a little happy inside. Fan Chengda, another poet of the Song Dynasty, also wrote a poem describing summer: "The plums are golden and the apricots are fat, the wheat flowers are snowy and the cauliflowers are sparse. The days are long and no one passes the fence, only dragonflies, crickets and butterflies fly." ("Four Seasons Pastoral Mixture") 》Second) The first two sentences of this poem describe the golden color of plums and the ripeness of apricots, which makes people salivate and salivate when reading them. In the last two sentences, no one is passing by under the fence, only dragonflies and butterflies are flying, which depicts the busy scene of people in summer from one side. In summer, not only are the flowers and fruits ripe, but the scenery is also intoxicating. Gao Pian, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, said in a poem: "The green trees are dense and the summer is long, and the balcony is reflected in the pond. The crystal curtain moves and the breeze rises, and the roses fill the courtyard with fragrance." ("Summer in the Mountain Pavilion") in the quiet courtyard in the mountains Inside, there are lush green trees as far as the eye can see, and the reflection of the pavilion in the pond is clearly visible. The breeze stirred up the crystal-like curtains, bringing with it bursts of coolness and the scent of roses. Reading such poems makes people feel the coolness and tranquility of summer.
In summer, as the flowers and fruits mature, the crops have also reached maturity. The north, which mainly grows wheat, has also entered a busy harvest period at this time, so northerners also call summer a busy day. The great poet Bai Juyi described the busy labor of the summer harvest in detail, vividly and touchingly: "The Tian family has few free months, but in May people are twice as busy. The south wind blows at night, and the wheat is covered with long yellow. The women eat in baskets. "Children carry pots of pulp. They go to the fields together, and young men and women are in Nangang." The poet began to summarize the real life of the farm family in summer with "There are few months in the field, but people are twice as busy in May." Then it is written that the "women" and "children" of the farmer's family went out to "Nangang" to harvest together with "Ding Zhuang". This kind of labor is very hard. The poet wrote: "The earthy atmosphere is full of heat, and the sky is scorching on the back. I am exhausted and don't know the heat, but I regret that the summer is long. There is a poor woman with a baby next to her. She holds an earring in her right hand and a basket hanging on her left arm." The heat is vomiting, the sky is scorching, I have exhausted all my strength, but I don’t seem to know the heat. Working non-stop under this condition is just to cherish the long summer time. After writing about the sweaty toil of the men, the poet then wrote about the scene of women picking up wheat behind. You see her holding the child and constantly putting the discarded ears of wheat into the open broken basket. Cherish the fruits of labor and try to make the scene of returning the particles to the warehouse touching and moving. Reading such poems, we cannot help but be moved by the poet's sympathy and pity for the farmers. Especially the poet's self-criticism at the end is even more admirable. The poet wrote at the end: "What merit do I have now? I have never been involved in farming and mulberry trees. I am an official with a salary of three hundred stones, and I have more than enough food every year. I feel ashamed when I think of this, and I will never forget it.
"As a feudal official who enjoys "three hundred stones of official salary", he can say that he has no merits, but enjoys high treatment. He feels deeply ashamed in his heart and warns himself never to forget the hard work of the farmers. Bai Juyi is like this Moods and emotions are indeed precious and noble. Nowadays, the countryside has basically realized mechanization. The large harvesters rumble and the pure wheat grains are transported home in an instant. At this time, farmers enjoy the cool air, chat and play cards. Playing cards seems very leisurely and contented. This is because the machine has completely liberated farmers from the heavy summer harvest work.