The cost of pure wine, gold cup, a hip flask of 10 thousand copper, jade plate worth 10 thousand dollars.
I threw the food bar and cup aside. I couldn't eat or drink. I pulled out my dagger. I peeped in four directions in vain.
I want to cross the Yellow River, but ice will block the ferry and Taihang Mountain will be covered with snow.
I will sit on a fishing rod and lean lazily by the stream, but I suddenly dream of sailing a boat towards the sun.
It's hard to walk, it's hard to walk, there are many roads, where is Ann now?
One day, I will ride the wind and waves, raise the Yun Fan and cross the sea.
Whole poem translation:
The golden cup was filled with precious wine, and the jade plate was filled with delicious food worth ten thousand yuan, but I stopped to throw chopsticks and didn't want to drink it. I drew my sword and looked around, at a loss. I want to cross the Yellow River, but the ice and snow have frozen the river. I want to climb Taihang Mountain, but there is snow and snow everywhere, and the mountain is blocked. When Lu Shang lived in seclusion, he often fished in Bixi; Before Yi Yin was hired, he dreamed of passing the sun by boat. It's hard to go, it's hard to go! How many forks in the road, where is my way? One day, I can ride the wind and waves, hang Yun Fan high and stride forward in the sea!
Understand sentence by sentence:
(1) The first four sentences of the poem say that out of deep affection for Li Bai and out of regret that such a genius was abandoned, a friend held a farewell party at great expense. Li Bai, who is naive in drinking, will certainly "drink 300 cups at a time" because of this fine wine, delicious food and the hospitality of his friends. However, this time he picked up the cup and pushed it away. Pick up chopsticks, but leave them behind. He left his seat, drew his sword, looked around and lost his mind. The four continuous movements of stopping, throwing, pulling and caring vividly show the inner depression and emotional agitation.
(2) The following two sentences are followed by "hollow" and written on the front as "difficult to walk". The poet used "Frozen Sichuan" and "Snow Mountain" to symbolize the difficulties and obstacles on the road of life, which means that he thought of the experiences of these two historical figures and increased his confidence. Li Bai is a person who actively uses the world. He is just a clever man. He really wants to do great things like Guan Zhong, Sean and Zhuge Liang. However, after he entered Beijing by imperial edict, the emperor did not attach importance to it, and he was also vilified by powerful ministers. Was "refunded" and kicked out of Chang' an in disguise. Isn't this just like the Yellow River holding Taihang Mountain when it encounters ice jam and snow? However, Li Bai is not the kind of person who is weak in character. From the beginning of "drawing a sword and looking around", he said that he would not be depressed and would continue to pursue it. "I will sit on a fishing rod and lazily lean against the stream, but I suddenly dream of driving a boat and sailing towards the sun." In a daze, the poet suddenly thought of two figures who did not go well politically at first, but made great achievements in the end: one was Lu Shang, who was fishing in Panxi at the age of 90 and met King Wen; One is Yi Yin. Before he was hired by Tang, he dreamed that he was sailing around the sun and the moon. The allusions of "fishing in Bixi" and "chasing a dream boat" express that one day, like the ancients, I can trust and reuse the rulers and establish confidence in making great achievements.
(3) The rhythm of these four sentences is very short, and they repeatedly lament their bumpy life path in the past, showing the complex psychology of sticking to it and continuing to explore the way out.
(4) In the last two sentences, the poet sang a strong voice full of confidence and prospects. After all, Li Bai was a great poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He was sad but not hurt, and the strong demand of making active use of the world finally freed him from the anguish of wandering. He believes that although there are many obstacles ahead, one day, he will ride the wind and waves, hang up the Yun Fan, cross the sea and reach the ideal shore.
Appreciate:
This 14-sentence poem with 82 words can only be regarded as a short poem among the seven-character poems, but it has a long momentum pattern. One of the important reasons is that it reveals the ups and downs and complex changes of the poet's feelings in a hundred steps. At the beginning of the poem, "Golden Wine" and "Jade Plate and Precious Shame" make people feel like a happy banquet, but the following two details, "Quit drinking and throw chopsticks" and "Draw a sword and look around", show a strong impact of emotional waves. In the middle four sentences, I just sighed "the ice jam in Sichuan" and "the snow is flying all over the mountains", and suddenly it took a thousand years, as if I saw Lu Shang and Yi Yin suddenly being reused by the monarch from their humble positions. The poet's psychological disappointment alternates rapidly with hope, depression and pursuit. "It's hard to walk, it's hard to walk, a lot of roads, is it safe now?" The four sentences with short rhythm and strong jumping are completely inner monologues in an anxious state, forcing Xiao to convey the complex psychology of wandering back and forth and continuing to explore and pursue without evidence. At the end of the sentence, after several twists and turns, the realm was suddenly enlightened, and I sang a high-pitched and optimistic tone, believing that my ideals and ambitions would be realized one day. Through such ups and downs of feelings, it not only fully shows the suppression of the poet's grand ideals and ambitions by the dark and dirty political reality, but also reflects the poet's strong inner repression, anger and the injustice caused by it, and at the same time highlights the poet's stubbornness, self-confidence and persistent pursuit of ideals, showing the poet's powerful spiritual strength in trying to get rid of repression.
The road to Shu, so steep, steeper than Heaven.
Hey, hey, it's dangerous!
The difficulty of Shu Dao is difficult to go to the sky!
Until the two rulers of this area forced their way through in the foggy age!
Forty-eight thousand years have passed. Don't talk to Qin Sai.
And Dabaishan, to the west, still has only one bird path, all the way to the peak of Emei.
Once it was broken by an earthquake, some brave people lost it, and then the ladder stone pile was hooked.
On the high flag, six dragons drive the sun, and far below, the river lashes its twisted channel.
Such a height is difficult for a yellow crane, poor monkey, they only have claws to use.
The Green Mud Mountain is made up of many circles. For every hundred steps, we have to turn nine times in the middle of its mound.
Panting, we passed Orion, passed Jingxing, and then fell to the ground with our arms folded and groaned.
We don't know whether this road to the west will never end. The road ahead is getting darker and darker.
Nothing can be heard except the cries of birds surrounded by ancient forests. The male bird rotates smoothly and follows the female bird.
Jathyapple, what comes to us is the melancholy voice of Du Fu, a sad empty mountain.
It's hard to get through the Shu Road, and it's hard to get to the sky. It turns pale when you smell it!
The highest cliff is less than a foot from heaven, and the withered pine trees hang low on the cliff surface.
A thousand waterfalls ran down, and the Xi cliff turned into a stone.
All these dangers follow. Why do people who live at a safe distance come here? .
Although the pass of the watchtower is strong and steep, one person guards it and ten thousand people can't beat it.
What if he is not loyal, but a wolf to his companions? .
There are terrible hungry tigers during the day and poisonous reptiles at night.
With their teeth and fangs, they kill like hemp.
Although the Silk City is beautiful, I'd rather go home soon.
It's hard to get to the sky, so you can look at the long consultation horizontally (z: and).
Whole poem translation:
Alas, how dangerous and noble! It's hard to compete in the Shu Road, and it's too far to climb the sky! Can Cong and Yufu, two emperors of ancient Shu, are so far away from the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC). After that, about 48,000 years, Qin and Shu were separated by the Qinling Mountains and did not communicate with each other. Taibai Mountain in the west of Chang 'an is blocked, and only one bird has been climbing the majestic Emei Mountain. The five strong men were buried in a landslide, and then there was a ladder-shaped plank road connecting Qin and Shu. There is a mountain top that blocks the six dragon cars of the sun god, and a steep wave drains back to the tortuous Dachuan. The oriole, who is good at flying high, still can't fly. Even if the lynx wants to climb over, she is worried that she can't climb over. How does the winding Qingniling hover around the mountain, and the surrounding rocks turn nine times within a hundred steps. You can touch the stars of god and scenery, making people hold their heads and hold their breath, touching their chests and sighing.
Westbound prodigal son, when will it be returned? Dangerous mountains and bad waters, the terrible Shu Road is really difficult to climb! I only saw birds whining among the ancient trees, and male and female birds flying among the desolate mountains. What I heard on the moonlit night was the sad cry of the cuckoo, which made me sad. What a desolate empty mountain! It's difficult to get through the Shu road, but it's sad to climb high and look far. Listening to it will also make life sad and fade the rosy face of youth. The peaks are connected together, less than a foot from the sky; The withered old branches hung upside down and got stuck between the cliffs. Swirls and waterfalls scramble to make noise; Water and stones collide and rotate, just like a thousand valleys are thundering. Wow, Shu Dao is so difficult; Alas, how did you come all the way to make a guest appearance in this place?
The land of Jiange is towering into the sky. As long as one person is guarding it, it is difficult to capture a thousand troops. If the accredited official is not a close relative of the royal family; Being a jackal is inevitable, and this is not rebellion. In the morning, you should avoid the tiger in fear; Be alert to the disaster of the long snake at night. Jackals, tigers and leopards have prepared their teeth and fangs, which is really disturbing; Poisonous snakes and beasts kill people like hemp, which makes people tremble with fear. Although Jinguancheng is said to be a happy place; So sinister, it is better to return to China early. Shu Dao is too difficult to walk, and it is almost impossible to go to heaven; Looking sideways to the west makes people feel sorry and sigh!
Appreciation of poetry and prose
This poem was written by Li Baichu when he came to Chang 'an in the early years of Tianbao, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. "Difficulties in Shu Road" is an ancient theme of Yuefu. He developed a rich imagination about it, focused on describing the wonderful and breathtaking mountains and rivers on Qin Shu Road, and revealed some worries and worries about society.
Appreciate:
Poets generally follow the clues from ancient times to the present, from Qin to Shu, and describe them by grasping the landscape characteristics of various places to show the difficulty of Shu Dao.
It is a passage from "Ehu" to "then the ladder is connected with the stone pile" At the beginning, he spoke highly of the difficulty of Shu Dao and pointed out the theme with strong emotion, which laid the tone for the whole poem. With the ups and downs of feelings and the changes of natural scenery, the chanting of "it is difficult to get through the Shu Road and get to the sky" appears repeatedly, like the main theme of a piece of music, which touches the readers' heartstrings.
Why is Shu Dao more difficult than Tian Dao? This is because since ancient times, Qin and Shu have been separated by mountains. From Qin to Shu, Taibai Peak bears the brunt, and only birds flying high can fly low. Taibai Peak, located in the southwest of Xianyang, Qin Dou, is the highest peak in Guanzhong area. There is a saying among the people that "martial arts are too white, and three hundred miles reach the sky." The poet wrote an insurmountable obstacle in history with exaggerated pen and ink, which blended into the myth of Wuding Mountain and touched the magical color, just like the overture of a movement, which was fascinating and magical. The following is a description of the high danger of Shu Dao.
From a height, such as on a high flag, six dragons drove the sun to the point where even hearing its pale cheeks was another passage. This paragraph describes the high risk of this mountain. The more complete the mountain is, the harder the road is. Look at that abrupt mountain, towering high in the sky, blocking the operation of the sun god; At the foot of the mountain is a choppy and winding river. Poets not only combine exaggeration with myth, but also describe mountains and heights, and are lined with the risk of "returning to Sichuan" Only its water risk, but also its mountain high risk. The poet's meaning is not enough, and he compares it with that of an ape. The mountain is so high that even the yellow crane flying thousands of miles away can't fly, and the agile ape is worried that he can't climb it. It goes without saying that it is even more difficult for people to walk. The above is the foil of layers of imaginary writing, and the following is a detailed description of the difficulty of clearing the spirit.
Qingniling, "Wan Ren on the Cliff, Cloudy and Rainy" (Yuanhe County Records), is the main road for people in Shu in the Tang Dynasty. The poet focuses on the entanglement of the peak road and the steepness of the mountain, showing the hardships and fears of pedestrians, and capturing detailed actions such as wandering on the ridge, touching the stars, breathing nervously, touching the chest and sighing. In a few words, he vividly described the difficult steps and expressions of fear of pedestrians, and the situation of being trapped and dangerous was like this.
At this point, the difficulty of Shu Dao seems to have been written to the extreme. However, when the poet turned his pen, he used "ask the gentleman" to draw out his travel worries, and with a low melody, he brought the reader into a realm of desolate ancient trees and sad birds. The cuckoo is ringing in the empty valley, full of sadness, which makes people feel pale and more difficult to escape from the road. Poets express their feelings with scenery, and use natural landscapes with strong feelings such as "sad birds, ancient trees" and "Zigui Strip" to render the lonely and desolate environment and atmosphere on Shu Road, which effectively sets off the difficulties of Shu Road.
However, the winding Shu Road has a more magical scenery. From "barely one foot below the highest cliff in the sky" to the end of the whole article, it mainly reveals the difficulty of Shu Dao from the danger of mountains and rivers, and tries to render a thrilling atmosphere. If "the sky is high and the cliff is low" is a boast of the height of the mountain peak, then "the withered pine hanging from the cliff surface" is a danger of precipice.
The poet first showed the high risk of the mountain, then turned from static to static, and wrote the thrilling scene of water and stone stirring and valley roaring. Like a series of focal planes: at first, it is a distant view of rolling mountains and continuous peaks; Then gently push it into a close-up of dead pine hanging upside down; Then, followed by a group of fast shots, speeding rapids, waterfalls, cliffs and rocks. With the sound of thousands of valleys and thunder, it flashed quickly from the eyes, which was amazing and dizzying, thus causing overwhelming artistic effects and making the description of Shu Road difficult to reach its peak. If the high risk of the mountains above is daunting, then the mountains and rivers here are even more thrilling.
The scenery is changing and there are many dangers. In a very thrilling atmosphere, I finally wrote the Jiange fortress in the middle of Shu. There is a 30-mile plank road between Dajianshan and Xiaojian Mountain. The peaks are like swords, standing tall, cutting walls like doors, forming a natural fortress. Because of its dangerous terrain, it is easy to defend but difficult to attack. Historically, there were many people who claimed to be kings here. The poet described a political situation from the danger of Jiange. He used the phrase "If you win, it's not suitable for bandits' relatives to live in" in Zhang Zai's Ming of Jiange in the Western Jin Dynasty to advise people to take warning and be alert to the occurrence of war. In connection with the social background at that time, he revealed that "he bared his teeth and claws, and Sichuan jackal killed people like hemp", thus expressing his anxiety and concern about state affairs. In the early years of Tianbao in the Tang Dynasty, there was a crisis lurking behind the peaceful and prosperous times, and the Anshi Rebellion that happened later proved that the poet's worries were of practical significance.
Li Bai vividly described the dangers of Shu Dao with unpredictable brushwork, artistically expressed the winding, majestic, lofty and rough face of ancient Shu Dao, and described a colorful landscape painting. The touching scene in this poem seems very vivid.
Li Bai's description is so touching because of his romantic passion. The poet sends his feelings to the mountains and rivers. He is not indifferent to the natural scenery, but enthusiastically praises it to express his ideal feelings. Surging water and dangerous peaks and valleys endow the poet with emotional temperament, thus showing a flying soul and a magnificent posture. Poets are good at combining imagination, exaggeration and myths and legends to write scenery and express feelings. The mountain height is called "high, such as on the Gao Qi, where six dragons drive the sun"; Obstacles in the shape of roads are called "once broken by earthquakes, lost by brave people, and then connected by ladders and stone piles" ... The poet "galloped away from the wind and clouds and lashed Haiyue" (Lu Shiyong's evaluation of the seven sentences of Li Bai's ancient saying in "A General Theory of Poetry and Mirrors"), from the creation of silkworm clusters to the creation of mountains in Wuding, from the return of six dragons to the night cry of Zigui, and it was unconstrained and unconstrained. Through the spectacular scenery of mountains and rivers, I seem to see the tall image of the poet "shaking the five mountains with pen and laughing proudly at Cangzhou".
Before the Tang Dynasty, Shu Daonan's works were short and pithy. Li Bai innovated and developed the ancient poems of Dongfu, and used a large number of prose poems, ranging in length from three words, four words, five words, seven words to eleven words, forming a very unrestrained language style. The rhyme of poetry also broke through the old rhyme procedure in Liang and Chen Dynasties. Later, I described the sinister environment in Sichuan and changed the rhyme three times in a row, trying my best to change things. Therefore, Yin Kun's "He Yue Ling Photo Collection" called this poem "strange and strange, and it is rare for the poet to return."
There are various moral theories about this article, and the conclusion is to do it for someone or something. According to Hu Zhenheng and Gu in Ming Dynasty, Li Bai "sang for himself" and "had no other intention". Nowadays, some people say that this poem is difficult to write on the surface of Shu Dao, but in fact it is a bumpy career, reflecting the resentment that the poet's life experience and talents are not satisfied during his long-term roaming. So far, there is no conclusion.