During the Qingming Festival, there are many rains, and pedestrians on the road want to die. Excuse me, where is the restaurant? The shepherd boy pointed to Xinghua Village.
On the way to cold food (Tang Dynasty) Song Wenzhi
Cold food will be served right away, and it is already late spring on the way. I pity Jiang, but I don't see Luo Qiao people. Arctic wisdom, south tile princes. The old garden is heartbroken, and the wicker is new day and night.
Cold food (Tang) Hanyi
Flowers are flying everywhere in the spring city, and the east wind is cold and the willows are oblique. At dusk, candles were passed in the Han Palace, and light smoke was scattered into the Wuhou Mansion.
Things outside the door (Tang)
The tiller loves the boat, and the spring grass is green and the fields are vast; Try going to the Wumen Gate to see the county Guo, there is new smoke in Qingming.
Qingming Festival (Song) Wang Yuqiao
No flowers, no wine, crystal clear, and the taste is bleak like a wild monk. Yesterday, the neighbor asked for a new fire, and the window was separated from the desk lamp.
"Su Causeway Qingming is a thing" (Song) Wu Weixin
Pears are in full bloom, and wanderers go out of town to find spring. At dusk, Wanliu is a warbler.
Cold Food on the Tomb (Song) Yang Wanli
Go straight to your husband! Can this bridge be out of danger? The maple leaves in the distant mountains are pale outside, and the broken houses are beside the lonely wheat. The grass stays in the spring breeze again, and the new flowers are getting old. Pear blossoms are cold, only worrying about festivals.
Doing things in the suburbs (Song) Cheng Hao
Grass and green fields, spring around the mountains; Zhu Xing Luan Hong wears Liuxiang, but sits in the imperial city because of flowing water; Don't bid farewell to wine, lest the wind turn red; It's sunny and cloudless, so you might as well go swimming and don't forget to come back.
"Send Chen Xiucai back to the Tomb of Shashang Province" (Ming) Gao Qi
Covered with blood, tears and dust, it is sad to go home after chaos. How many descendants came to visit the grave after the pear blossoms were eaten cold after the rain?
"Qing Jiang Yin Qing Ming Day Tour" (Ming) Wang Pan asked
Where is the non-smoking section in the west building? The green fields are sunny. Ma Si willow, people laugh and swing, and the warbler always teaches Chunzui.
Tomb-Sweeping Day, also known as the Walking Festival, is at the turn of mid-spring and late spring, that is, the first 108 day from winter to the future. It is a traditional festival in China, and it is also one of the most important festivals to worship ancestors and sweep graves. The traditional Tomb-Sweeping Day of the Han nationality in China began in the Zhou Dynasty and has a history of more than 2,500 years.
Tomb-Sweeping Day is of great significance to the people of China. Today, I will take you to read some classic poems handed down from ancient times and feel our ancient people's feelings towards Tomb-Sweeping Day.
1| This song is familiar to everyone. The poem Qingming by Du Mu, a poet in Tang Dynasty;
Qingming Festival
Don Dumu
A drizzling rain falls like tears on the Mourning Day; The mourner's heart is going to break on his way.
Ask local people where to buy wine? The shepherd boy just laughed and didn't answer Xingshan Village.
Comments Tomb-Sweeping Day should have been accompanied by relatives and friends to go hiking to worship his ancestors and sweep the grave, but the poet traveled alone. The feeling of loneliness and desolation can be imagined. The endless spring rain increased the poet's anxiety and melancholy, so he asked the shepherd boy where the restaurant was, and the shepherd boy pointed him to the Xinghua Village in the distance. The first two sentences make people sad, while the last two sentences open up a broad imagination space. The artistic conception of the whole poem is far away, fresh and lively, and the rhyme is fascinating and intriguing.
The second poem is about the origin of the Cold Food Festival, which tells the story of meson tui and Jin Wengong.
Cold food and unrealistic hopes
Tang Bai Juyi
The crow makes the trees faint, and the Qingming cold food cries.
The wind blows the paper money in the wilderness, and the spring grass in the tomb is green.
Pear blossoms reflect poplar trees, full of parting places.
I don't hear the heavy spring crying, but the rustling rain makes people return.
The custom of cold food and Qingming advocated by the commentary is to sweep the grave. Cold food and sweeping graves were very popular in the Tang Dynasty. Bai Juyi's poem "Cold Food and Wild Hope" describes the scene of sweeping graves. The crow makes the trees faint, and the Qingming cold food cries. The wind blows the paper money in the wilderness, and the spring grass in the tomb is green. Pear blossoms reflect poplar trees, full of parting places. I don't hear the heavy spring crying, but the rustling rain makes people return. From this poem, we can not only see the bleak and tragic scene of sweeping graves, but also see that cold food and Qingming are the same thing in the custom of sweeping graves in Tang Dynasty. Indeed, at this time, some wandering poets and poets will be homesick.
3 | Bai Juyi also has a "Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival":
Qingming night
Tang Bai Juyi
At night in Tomb-Sweeping Day, the breeze is blowing gently and the moonlight is hazy. The railing made of jasper and the wall made of red bricks are the residence of the governor.
Walking alone in a roundabout song, I can't hear the sound of flowers.
Comment on Qingming night is Bai Juyi's custom of Qingming outing. In ancient times, outing was also called "seeking spring" and "Spring Festival", which was popular in Jin Dynasty. Tomb-Sweeping Day is also a good time for people to have a spring outing. Before and after Tomb-Sweeping Day, beautiful spring scenery, getting close to nature and outing is another important activity of Tomb-Sweeping Day custom. At present, it is generally believed that this Tomb-Sweeping Day custom inherited the tradition of Shangsi Festival in March and was formed at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period. An important content of Shangsi Festival is that young men and women go out for an outing and choose their spouses freely. But the beauty of this poem is that it is neither clear nor cold. It has its own style. Although it is clear, it is intended to write the affair of a girl who is in love with spring outside the paper. The phrase "clear again" makes people laugh and ask, "But are you worried about getting married?"
4 | Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Ji's "Lu Men Zheng Shi":
The door is that thing
Tang zhangji
The tiller loves the boat, and the spring grass is green and the fields are vast;
Try going to the Wumen Gate to see the county Guo, there is new smoke in Qingming.
A subtle comment on this poem is "There are new smoke in Qingming". It was cold food before Qingming, and people didn't need fire. After the Qingming Festival, it should be "new smoke everywhere". Now because of the war, farmers are called to fight, and a large area of land is barren. Only a few people lit new cigarettes, and it was bleak.
5 | Qingming is a thing, Meng Haoran in the Tang Dynasty:
Qingming is the most important thing
Tang Meng Hao ran
Beijing is the annual Tomb-Sweeping Day, and people naturally begin to feel sad and nostalgic.
The carriage creaked on the road, and the outskirts of Liucheng were lush.
Flowers bloom, grass grows and birds fly in pairs.
Sitting in the empty lobby, reminiscing about the past, drinking tea instead of drinking.
Meng Haoran was the first poet who devoted himself to writing landscape poems in Tang Dynasty. Today, there are more than 200 poems, most of which were written when he wandered, and some of which were written when he visited his hometown Wanshan, Xianshan and Lumen Mountain. There are also several poems describing rural life. The geographical scope of this poem is quite extensive.
6 | Wei Zhuang, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, Chang 'an Qingming Festival;
Chang 'an Tomb-Sweeping Day
Tangweizhuang
Fleas are rainy days that hurt spring dreams, but the grass is more sandy.
At the beginning, the official gave me a clear fire, and I was given a free share of the money.
The purple stranger is screaming and screaming, and the green poplar is drawing a swing.
Tourists think of the peace incident and feel glad that the scenery is as good as before.
Comments all of a sudden, it is already a spring rain. How can grass be green? The palace gave the minister a new fire. The minister has nothing to do, taking cuju as a play. The horse barked on the road. Among the green poplars, the swings are flying up and down. Tourists still remember the great events in peacetime. This scenery, similar to that of the year before last, aroused a faint sense of happiness in my heart. This poem is written with distinct personnel and scenery and fresh language. However, the couplets point out that "the scenery is like last year" and "remember to make peace", revealing nostalgia for the prosperous times.
7 | Song Ren Cheng Hao "Walking in the suburbs is a thing":
Work in the suburbs
Song Chenghao
Grass and green fields, spring around the mountains;
Zhu Xing Luan Hong wears Liuxiang, but sits in the imperial city because of flowing water;
Don't bid farewell to wine, lest the wind turn red;
Besides, it's Tomb-Sweeping Day today, and it's met with fine weather. It's very suitable for sightseeing, but you can't leave.
Comment on the old saying "It rains a lot in Qingming Festival". According to life experience, it often rains on Qingming Day. Tomb-Sweeping Day written by Cheng Hao is a sunny Tomb-Sweeping Day, which should be a rare good day, so the poem laments "I'm afraid the wind will fly". The poem depicts the fresh scenery of Yuan Ye in spring. Although falling into the water is not a unique phenomenon in spring, it is the first thing that appears in spring after all. Therefore, the poet also wrote the game of chasing the water into his poem, which added a little childlike interest. Perhaps the people in the poem wanted to find the source of flowing water with floating fallen flowers, so they were tired, so they sat on the shore stone, meditated on the water, recalled the good times when friends got together, and then began to persuade the world to cherish it.
8 | Cold food on the way, from the Tang Dynasty Song Wenzhi:
Cold food is on the road.
Tangsong wenzhi
It's already on the way to late spring when I meet cold food immediately.
Poor Jiang, I can't see Luo Qiao people.
The Arctic cherishes the sage, and Nanwa is the vassal.
In the old garden, wicker is new day and night.
This is a five-character poem written by the Tang Dynasty poet Song. This was written by a friend who secretly fled to Luoyang the following spring after the poet was exiled to Longzhou. The first two sentences describe the scene of cold food, paving the way for the lyric behind. The last two sentences are directly lyrical, expressing the pain of losing your home. On the way, it was the Cold Food Festival. In the spring of March, the scenery the author encountered in his use expressed his nostalgia for the country and the monarch.
9 | Tang Hanyi, cold food:
cold drink and snack
plum
In late spring, Chang 'an city is full of songs and dances, and countless flowers fall. The east wind of the Cold Food Festival blows on the willow trees in the royal garden.
As night fell, the palace was busy lighting candles, and smoke drifted to the house of the prince and the marquis.
Comment This is a satire poem. Fire is forbidden in the Cold Food Festival, but favored officials will get special candles from the emperor and enjoy special privileges. Poetry is the favorite of satirists. Therefore, the retired scholars of Hengtang commented: "The prosperity of officials in the Tang Dynasty has not been reduced by the Huan Mausoleum. Poetry is more profound than irony. " The first two sentences are about the scenery in mid-spring; The last two sentences implied irony. Poetry does not directly satirize, but only depicts the privileged class in life, which is subtle and incisive. According to the Tang Dynasty Meng? The poem "Skill Poetry" said: This poem was appreciated by Tang Dezong and praised and popularized by the imperial court. Know the important position of imperial edict for drivers. At that time, the secretariat of Jianghuai was also surnamed Han, and both of them had the same surname. Dezong personally wrote the whole poem "Flowers fly everywhere in Spring City" and approved "With this North Korea?" , become a story, spread all over the world.
10 | Wang Pan's "Qinghe" leads the Qingming Day Tour in the Ming Dynasty;
"Qingjiang leads Qingming Day Tour"
Wang Ming Pan
Where is the non-smoking section in the west building? Green fields and sunny roads.
In the willows of Ma Si, people laugh and swing, and the sound of warblers always makes Chunzui drunk.
Comments Since ancient times, Tomb-Sweeping Day has been a day to get close to nature and travel. Now Tomb-Sweeping Day has arrived. Looking at the spring scenery outside the window, I can't help feeling. However, looking at the fence, I don't know which scenery is the best. A friend told me that at the end of the green Yuan Ye under clear skies in Wan Li, it is a wonderful tourist attraction. Passing through the lush willows, tightening the reins, horses neighing, looking up, beautiful women leaning on the swing, looking back and smiling, and even crowing orioles and beautiful flowers, the bright spring seems fascinating.
When Tomb-Sweeping Day arrives, don't forget to pay homage to the deceased relatives. Besides, if spring is just right, you can invite a few friends out for an outing, follow the example of the ancients, drink two glasses of thin wine, sketch or recite some poems, which is a special experience for China people.