Galois18110 was born in Braun, a suburb of Paris. My father is a politician who is keen on democracy and harmony, and my mother is the daughter of a well-educated judge. 12 years old, admitted to a famous royal middle school. In middle school, I fell in love with math, which bored my classmates, and then I got out of hand. I read many math books in and out of class. Among them, he actually spent a week reading Legendre's classic "Geometric Principles" in one breath.
One day, Mr. Richard, who presided over the extracurricular math lecture, deliberately left a math problem for students to do after class in order to brake the pride of individual students in the extracurricular activity group. Galois worked all night and finally finished the problem in the early hours of the next morning. He knocked on Mr. Richard's door and Richard walked out of the room in his pajamas. When he heard that Galois had come to hand in his homework, he said coldly, "Stay and let me have a look. I'm afraid none of you can answer this question! "
Richard was busy with other things after Galois left. Until that night, he accidentally picked up Galois's homework and took a casual look. Who knows that if you don't look at it, you can't put it down. Finally, you shout: "wizard, wizard!" "
It turned out that Richard found a strange problem from the thinking questions written by the math master Gauss. This kind of problem is an adult mathematics major with high attainments, and it takes a lot of effort to solve it. Who knows that Galois has made several different solutions. The boy's superhuman wisdom left a deep impression on him, and he made up his mind to make great efforts to train him.
When Richard asked Galois how he felt about doing this problem, Galois said calmly, "I have thought about the question raised by Gauss for a long time. I have done some exercises several times. " Galois told the story and train of thought of his understanding of this problem, and Richard couldn't help clapping his hands. He said to other teachers, "Galois is most suitable for research in the frontier field of mathematics." Later, he helped Galois write his first mathematical paper, The Theorem of Cyclic Continued Fractions, and recommended it to be published in the Yearbook of Pure and Applied Mathematics.
/kloc-At the age of 0/6, Galois was admitted to Paris Normal University. Six months after he entered school, he submitted his first group theory paper to the French Academy of Sciences. Soon, he completed several mathematical research articles with superhuman talent to apply for the special prize of mathematics of Paris Academy of Sciences. Who knows that fate is extremely unfair to him and brings him bad luck.
At the beginning of the first review meeting of the Academy of Sciences, French mathematician Cauchy was a narrow-minded person. When he opened his briefcase, he shrugged and said, "It's a pity that Galois lost his paper somehow." Therefore, the review meeting had to be hastily concluded. Galois also sent several mathematical papers to the French Academy of Sciences, and the person who handled these papers was the permanent secretary Fourier. Fourier is also a great mathematician. Unfortunately, Fourier died shortly after receiving the manuscript, and people did not find his manuscript among Galois' relics.
183 1 year 1 month 17, the academy of sciences examined galois' paper for the third time. The host is the great mathematician Poisson. Poisson, out of arrogance and prejudice, thinks that Galois is just an ordinary college student, so it is difficult to have any original opinions. Therefore, he did not listen carefully to Galois's paper, and hastily came to the conclusion: "It is totally unreasonable."
Despite this unfair fate, Galois continued his mathematical research. He set foot in many fields, such as equation theory, group theory, integrable function and so on, and founded "Galois Theory", which laid a solid foundation for group theory. In addition, he also established many concepts in mathematics, and his research results were widely used in a large number of various mathematical research. On the basis of his work, many new branches of mathematics have emerged. ...
Galois is also an activist who tends to be democratic and harmonious. To commemorate the French people's capture of the Bastille, he participated in a large-scale demonstration against the Restoration Dynasty and was arrested and imprisoned for 8 months.
Shortly after he was released from prison, he was forced to accept a duel because of a love dispute that is still a mystery, and was shot dead.
Maybe he knew that the duel was out of luck, so he left his last words to his companions. The letter wrote: "I ask you not to blame me for not giving my life for my motherland ... As God is my witness, I tried my best to refuse a duel, but I only accepted the challenge because I had to."
He also left a sentence in his 60-page math manuscript: "This argument needs to be supplemented, and now there is no time."
Galois's untimely death is undoubtedly a great loss for the mathematical community. Some scholars believe that his death "at least delayed the development of mathematics for decades."