The origin of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict
(1) The history of Palestine and Israel
The history of Palestine and Israel
20th century BC Before and after, the Semitic Canaanites settled on the coast and plains of Palestine. In the 13th century BC, the Philistines established a country on the coast. At the end of the 13th century BC, various Hebrew tribes moved in and settled. The Jews established the Hebrew Kingdom in the 11th century BC. Later, foreign nations such as Assyria, Babylonia, and Persia all occupied Palestine. The Roman Empire invaded in the 1st century BC, and most of the Jews fled to various parts of the world. It became part of the Arab Empire in the 7th century AD. Arabs continued to immigrate and assimilate with the local indigenous residents, gradually forming the modern Palestinian Arabs.
It can be seen from the above materials that the Palestinian area was also the hometown of the Jews, and the legends about them in the text are well known. Take the Bible as an example. This Christian classic records entirely the stories of Jewish ancestors. Although most historians agree that not much information can be drawn from the Bible - not because the records in it are untrue, but because it is difficult to prove its authenticity; furthermore, the Bible is just a A product of faith - however, since much of it is accepted by present-day Jews, it is necessary to carefully understand the outlines of the story, because today's conflicts and the question of Jerusalem are closely related to religious reasons:
Story It began when God told Abraham to leave his homeland of Mesopotamia and go to Canaan, now Palestine, to start a new life. In this way, Abraham is considered the ancestor of the Jews, just as the Chinese believe that the Yellow Emperor is the ancestor of the Chinese nation. So Abraham led his wife and sons to Canaan. This is probably evidence that the Jews believed that they were the masters of Palestine. His son Isaac and grandson Jacob are both considered ancestors of the Jews. Jacob had twelve sons, ten of whom for some unknown reason hated their brother Joseph and sold him into slavery in Egypt. However, Joseph had the ability to interpret dreams and was deeply loved by the Egyptian king, so he was made prime minister. Later, Jacob and his sons came to Egypt to join Joseph and reproduced in large numbers their descendants. These descendants were called Israel for the first time (Israel, meaning God fights for it or fights against God?) . The king of Egypt saw the prosperous Jews and regarded them as a threat. In order to get rid of this hidden danger, he found an excuse to demote these Israelites into slaves. The painful service life made the poor Jews resist, so the story of Moses receiving the Ten Commandments and leading the Israelites back to their homeland was staged. The aftermath is too complicated and will not be described in detail. Around the 13th century BC, the Israelites established their first unified kingdom, the Kingdom of Israel. They had two outstanding kings, David and his son Solomon. During their reign, they developed trade and maintained it by force. Ruled and brought Israel to its peak. More importantly, at this time, Jerusalem, the capital of the Kingdom, was established as a sacred place for the Jewish nation, which laid the foundation for the intractable crux of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict.
From this point of view, the history of the Jews, at least what they think is the fact, shows their national characteristics. In their subconscious, the Jewish nation is a nation that has suffered many disasters, but it is also a nation that has suffered many disasters. A nation that has overcome disasters has the courage and strength to fight against all kinds of God's tests. But their tragic experiences in modern times seem to be even more tragic than the catastrophes recorded in the Bible. Could it be another test for them? What is certain is that that tragic experience will always be engraved in the wandering, broken and bleeding hearts of the Jews:
Just after the Kingdom of Israel was destroyed, the Greco-Roman Kingdom also occupied this land, and the Jews were there. During this period, they were exiled all over the world. They lost their hometown and were forced to flee to some countries in Eastern and Western Europe, such as Germany, Austria and Poland, but their personal interests were greatly restricted. Perhaps it is because they are a smart nation with outstanding achievements in various fields such as politics, medicine, and art, so they are jealous of other nations. The massacres during the Tsarist Russia era and World War II have become the most painful memories for the Jews. Perhaps this is why the Jews' anger is out of control.
In 1920, the British divided Palestine into east and west parts with the Jordan River as the boundary. The east part was called Transjordan (now the Kingdom of Jordan), and the west part was still called Palestine (now Israel, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip). British Mandate. At the end of the 19th century, instigated by the "Zionist Movement", a large number of Jews immigrated to Palestine, causing constant bloody conflicts with the local Arabs. After the Second World War, with the support of the United Kingdom and the United States, the United Nations General Assembly passed a resolution in 1947, stipulating the establishment of a Jewish state (approximately 15,200 square kilometers) in Palestine after the end of the British mandate in 1948, and Arab State (approximately 11,500 square kilometers), Jerusalem (176 square kilometers) is international. After the founding of the state of Israel in May 1948, it pursued an expansionist policy and launched four large-scale wars against Arab countries in 1948, 1956, 1967, and 1973. More than 1 million Palestinian Arabs were driven out of their homes where they had lived for generations and became refugees.
The first Palestinian National Council meeting held in Jerusalem in May 1964 decided to establish the Palestine Liberation Organization. In 1969, Arafat served as Chairman of the PLO Executive Committee. In September 1978, Egypt, Israel and the United States signed the Camp David Accords, which gave the Palestinians in the occupied territories limited autonomy, but the PLO refused to accept autonomy. The 19th Special Session of the Palestinian National Council held in Algiers on November 15, 1988 adopted the Declaration of Independence and declared the establishment of a Palestinian state with Jerusalem as its capital on Palestinian land. The declaration made it clear that Palestine accepted Resolution 181 (Partition Resolution) adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on November 29, 1947. The Palestinian border issue was left to be resolved through negotiations at a later date. In December 1988, Arafat recognized Israel's right to exist and condemned terrorism. On September 13, 1993, after secret negotiations hosted by Norway, Israel and the PLO signed a peace agreement and proposed a Palestinian autonomy plan. On May 4, 1994, the PLO and Israel signed a historic agreement in Cairo on the implementation of limited autonomy in Gaza and Jericho. On May 12, the Palestinian National Authority was established. On July 12 of the same year, Arafat returned to Gaza after 27 years of exile.
(2) The source of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict - the Temple Mount
The source of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict - the Temple Mount
The ancient Jewish classics record this: "The world It can be compared to a human eye. The white of the eye is the ocean that surrounds the world; the eyeball is the earth where people live; the pupil is Jerusalem; the human face in the pupil is the temple. "The Temple Mount of Jerusalem, hence its name, has gone through many vicissitudes and has become an Islamic religion. The third most sacred place. The biggest crux of the bloody conflict between Israel and Palestine for more than half a century lies in the status of the holy city of Jerusalem; while the source and focus of the struggle for Jerusalem is the ownership of the Temple Mount. Three years ago (2000), it was because Sharon, the then Likud leader, broke into this place and ignited the Palestinian-Israeli conflict that continues to this day.
Although it is called the Temple Mount, when you step inside, you can no longer find any shadow of the mountain. As far as the eye can see, you can only see a group of rectangular stone buildings and lush trees. In fact, the Temple Mount is still the name handed down from ancient Jews. It is recorded in ancient Jewish scriptures that God, in order to test the Jewish ancestor Abraham, asked him to sacrifice his only son Isaac on a huge stone on the Temple Mount. In Christian legend, this stone is also regarded as the place where God formed Adam, the ancestor of mankind, from clay.
In the 10th century BC, the talented Jewish king Solomon built the First Temple here to store holy objects such as the Ark of the Covenant and Noah's Ark. The temple was later destroyed and rebuilt, but was finally completely destroyed in the 2nd century AD, and the Jews were expelled from their homeland and wandered around the world.
The Palestinians on the Temple Mount call this place "Holy Land". Because on the site of the Jewish Temple at that time stood the Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Golden Dome Mosque with a history of thousands of years. Jerusalem has also become the third most popular destination in Islam after Mecca and Medina. The remains of the original Jewish Temple are almost gone.
When you step on the Temple Mount, almost every brick and tile has a story and a history, either magical or sad. For Jews and Muslims alike, the Temple Mount has sunk into their psyches. But this overlap of sacred sites soon turned into religious disputes and historical grudges, making this area of ??less than 0.135 square kilometers carrying too much blood and blood; to a certain extent, the dominant The antagonism between the Palestinian and Israeli peoples continued until it intensified into bloody conflicts in 2000.
On the Temple Mount, fierce gun battles broke out from time to time between Palestine and Israel. For each side, the other side would be disdainful and dissatisfied with the other's arrival, because this is their own holy place. This is a sensitive topic, and neither Jews nor Palestinians are willing to give up on the Temple Mount, which occupies the central position in the national psyche. To the west of Al-Aqsa Mosque is the Western Wall. In appearance, the wall looks like any other in Palestine. However, due to historical reasons, it has become the most sacred place in the hearts of the Jews. It is a symbol of the immortality of the ancient country and the eternal existence of the nation. Jews often gather here to cry, so it is called the "Wailing Wall". Many Jews are resentful that the Palestinians prevented them from praying at the Wailing Wall. This situation ended with the "Six-Day War" in 1967. The result was that the Jews captured all of East Jerusalem by force. The next day, the rabbis (Jewish religious teachers) and generals rushed to the Western Wall, touched the wall and cried bitterly.
Many Jews therefore insist that Israel must not abandon the Temple Mount. In September 2000, Sharon, a representative figure of the "Hawks", passed through a small door on the upper right side of the Western Wall and entered the Al-Aqsa Mosque to declare the religious relationship between the Jews and the Temple Mount. This move angered the Palestinians and became the direct origin of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict that continues to this day. The Temple Mount was noisier from then on. Jews often pray at the Western Wall, while Palestinians take advantage of the geography to throw stones. Then the military and police intervene, shooting at Palestinians and even breaking into mosques to arrest people.
(3) Summary
Summary
It can be seen that the direct origin of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict lies in the Jewish restoration movement, which repeatedly drove out the Palestinians after the founding of the country. Their homeland is just like what others did to them back then, and it got worse and worse, eventually leading to national conflicts.
The more profound reason is that both ethnic groups were once the masters of this land, and both ethnic groups regard the same city as a religious resort. As a result, the conflict has more solid emotional and religious power, and the resolution becomes more complex. It's more difficult.
The founding and expulsion of the Jews can be seen as the release of thousands of years of resentment. Although it is understandable, their excessive toughness and arrogance left a root for problems that could have been better solved.