Original text
When will the spring flowers and autumn moon come, how much do you know about the past?
The east wind blew again in the small building last night, and the country could not bear to look back at the moonlight.
The carved railings and jade inlays should still be there, but the beauty has been changed. Asking you how much sorrow you can have is like a river of spring water flowing eastward.
Comments
① This tune was originally a Tang Jiaofang song. It was originally sung about Xiang Yu’s doting on his concubine, Poppy, so it became famous. It is also known as "Spring Water of a River", "Jade Pot Water", "Twelve Peaks of Wushan", etc. Double tone, fifty-six characters, four sentences each in the upper and lower parts, all with two oblique rhymes converted into two flat rhymes.
②: Finished, completed.
③Building: steps. Carved railings and jade inlays: refers to the Forbidden City of the Southern Tang Dynasty in Jinling. Ying You: One work is "Yi Yi".
④Zhu Yangai: It means that the person you miss has aged.
⑤Jun: The author calls himself. Neng: It can also be used as "du", "that", "huan", "but".
Translation
The flowers are blooming in spring, the moon is full in Mid-Autumn, and the years are constantly changing.
Looking back on the past, many past events have long gone in a hurry.
The small building comes late and the spring breeze blows. Looking at the bright moon,
But the overturned mountains and rivers cannot bear to look back and remember again.
In the old capital of Jinling, the gorgeous palaces should still be gorgeous,
But the beautiful faces of the palace ladies who lost their country are no longer beautiful.
Things have changed and people have changed. I asked myself how much sadness I should feel.
It is just like the Yangtze River that rolls in spring and flows eastward in silence.
Appreciation
"Poppy Beauty" is Li Yu's masterpiece and also the final words of Empress Li. It is said that on the night of his birthday (July 7th) ("Qixi Festival"), he ordered his old prostitutes to have fun at his residence and sang the lyrics of his new work "Poppy Beauty", which was heard outside. Song Taizong was furious when he heard this and ordered people to give him medicinal wine to poison him to death. This poem expresses the endless sorrow of a subjugated king through the contrast between the past and the present.
"When will the spring flowers and autumn moon come, how much do you know about the past!" The flowers bloom in spring, the moon is full in Mid-Autumn Festival, and the years are constantly changing. How beautiful life is. But when will the suffering years of my prisoner come to an end? Looking back on the past, as a king, how did he do many things in the past? How did he get to where he is today? According to historical records, when Li Yu was the king, He indulged in lust, ignored government affairs, and killed remonstrating officials in vain... Through this poem, we can easily see that the emperor of the Southern Tang Dynasty, who was reduced from a powerful monarch to a prisoner, had more than just sorrow and indignation in his heart at this moment. , there is a sense of regret to some extent.
"The east wind blows again in the small building last night, and the country cannot bear to look back in the moonlight." The small building that lives quietly is blown by the spring breeze again, and the spring flowers will bloom again. Recalling the dynasty of the Southern Tang Dynasty and the Li family's country - my country had long been destroyed. The author lives in a prison cell, listening to the spring breeze, looking at the bright moon, feeling emotional about the scene, full of melancholy, and unable to sleep at night. The word "again" indicates that this situation and scene have appeared many times. This mental pain is really unbearable, revealing how miserable and helpless he is in his heart! In the dead of night, leaning on the building and looking into the distance, I saw only the moonlight like water. Everything he saw in front of him aroused his deep nostalgia for the country of Southern Tang Dynasty. "The country cannot bear to look back in the bright moonlight"! The poet here is not just a deep sigh, it is simply a heart-wrenching cry.
"The carved railings and jade inlays should still be there, but the beauty has changed." Although "the country cannot bear to look back," we cannot help but "look back." These two sentences specifically write about "looking back" and "country" - the gorgeous palace in the old capital Jinling is probably still there, but the beauty of the palace ladies who mourned the country has changed. This implies Empress Li's emotion about the land changing its surname and the mountains and rivers changing color! The word "just" is extremely heavy, conveying the infinite regret that things are right and people are different. The word "beauties" here certainly refers to the pink beauties in the palace in the past, but it is also a symbol of all the beautiful things and beautiful lives in the past.
In the above six sentences, the author strives to integrate the contrast between beauty and tragedy, past and present, scenery and personnel, especially through the strong contrast between the eternity of nature and the vicissitudes of personnel, to express the feelings contained in his heart. `Sorrow and regret poured out in twists and turns, condensing into the final eternal song - "How much sorrow can you have? It's like a river of spring water flowing eastward." Sadness is like a surging river rushing out of a canyon and towards the sea. , once you send it, you can't take it back. The poet is full of anger and makes a thorough inquiry into life: "How much sorrow can you have? It's like a river of spring water flowing eastward!" Life, life, doesn't mean endless sorrow? "A river of spring water flows eastward!" "Flowing eastward" is a famous sentence that uses water as a metaphor for sorrow, showing that sorrow is like the ocean of spring water, pouring out unrestrainedly; it is also like the spring water that persists day and night, flowing continuously and endlessly. These nine words really express the depth and intensity of the rising and flowing emotions. The nine-character sentence has five characters in oblique tones, four characters in flat tones, alternating between oblique and oblique, and finally ends with two characters in flat tones. It reads like the waves of a spring river rising and falling in an endless stream. It is really full of sounds and emotions. These last two sentences are also based on questions and answers, doubling the emphasis on the word "sorrow", so that the whole word echoes back and forth in tone and flows freely.
As a monarch, Li Yu undoubtedly failed; as a poet, he achieved great success. This song "Poppy Poppy" is a masterpiece that has been passed down through the ages.
He broke through the tradition of poetry in the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties, and developed poetry from a tool for entertainment and entertainment before flowers and moonlight to a lyrical style of singing about life.