Du Fu's four famous sentences: Walking on the Mountain Seven Wonders In Tang Dynasty, Du Mu was far away from Hanshan Mountain, and there were people in Bai Yunsheng. Stop and sit in the maple grove late, and the frost leaves are red. In February, Du Siqin's flowers were numerous and thousands were low. The best answer: Du Fu's quatrains, two orioles singing green willows, and a line of egrets flying into the sky. The window contains Xiling Snow, and the Wu Dong Wan Li boated at the door. This is a common occurrence in Qi Wangfu in "Going Down the River", and Cui has heard it several times before. This is a good scenery in the south of the Yangtze River. ...
1, "quatrains" Two orioles sing green willows, and a row of egrets rise to the sky.
My window framed the snow-covered western hills. My door often says "goodbye" to ships sailing eastward.
To annotate ...
(1) Xiling: Xiling Snow Mountain.
(2) Qian Qiu Snow: refers to the snow that never melts in Xiling Snow Mountain for thousands of years.
(3) berthing: berthing.
(4) Soochow: the territory of ancient Wu.
(5) Wan Li Ship: A ship not far from Wan Li.
6. "Jueju" is the name of the poem, which does not directly indicate the content of the poem. This form is convenient for writing a scene and an object to express the author's immediate feelings. The poet's accidental observation aroused his inner passion. The writer writes down the poet's own feelings, does not plan the topic for the time being, and uses the metrical "quatrains" of poetry as the topic. Du Fu wrote a group of poems in this form, including four poems, with "quatrains" as the general topic. Two orioles singing green willows are one of them. Poetry has a fresh and relaxed atmosphere and natural beauty. The first two sentences are "green" with "yellow" and "clear" with "white", with bright colors and the breath of early spring vitality. In the first sentence, the oriole sang on the willow, and in the next sentence, the egret flew into the sky, broadening the space a lot, from bottom to top, from near to far. The above two sentences have pointed out that "the window contains Xiling autumn snow thousands of miles." It was early spring at that time, and the autumn snow in winter wanted to melt, giving readers a moist feeling. The last sentence further described Du Fu's complex mood at that time-saying that the ship came from "Soochow", which meant that the war was settled, the traffic resumed, and the poet was homesick when he saw things.
translate
Two orioles are singing on a willow branch.
A line of egrets is flying in the sky.
You can see the snow of Xiling for thousands of years from the window.
Ships from Wan Li, Wu Dong, are anchored at the gate.
Appreciation of quatrains
"Two orioles sing green willows, and a line of egrets fly into the sky." Two orioles are singing, and there is a sound. "A line of egrets goes up to the sky" has an act and an action. One horizontal and one vertical, "two" and "one" are opposite; Horizontal and vertical, it opens a very beautiful natural landscape. The word "Ming" is the most vivid in this poem, which describes the oriole more vividly by anthropomorphic means. Then Du Fu talked about "the window contains autumn snow in Xiling". Outside my window, there are thousands of years of snow in Minshan, and in the west, there is a thousand years of snow in Minshan. "Soochow Wan Li Ship" There is a long Wan Li ship parked in front of my house. This forms a welcome and free ride. Welcome this snowy mountain into your sight and send this boat down the river. Therefore, this "Wan Li Ship" can pass, which also shows that the "Anshi Rebellion" has come to an end and is close to pacification. Ships can also pass at this time, and business people can come and go on this river. Then such a poem is beautiful in itself, with four sentences in pairs. There have been quatrains since the Six Dynasties. After the Tang Dynasty, quatrains became a very mature art, and many of our famous poems used quatrains. A quatrain is four sentences, and the four sentences often don't match, or the first two sentences of the four sentences don't match the scenery and the last two sentences don't match the lyric, or the first two sentences don't match the last two sentences, so now all four of his poems are matched, which can be said to be a very neat and attentive poem. Du Fu once wrote a poem that made people "swear, not surprisingly, never stop", so he put it into practice.
2. "Looking for flowers by the river alone" (I)
The spring flowers by the river bother me so much that I have to go everywhere.
He came to the south to find a drinker and went out for a drink ten days ago.
(2)
Flowers are like splendid flowers, like rivers, and my heart is really afraid of spring.
But now poetry and wine can listen to me, and I don't have to bear any psychological burden for my bald head.
(3)
There are two or three families living in the bamboo forest beside the river bank, and the provocative red flowers set off the white flowers.
I have a place to repay the happiness of spring. Joan can take her time at the hotel.
(4)
Look east at the flowers and cigarettes in Shaocheng. It's time for the high glistening in western restaurants to resolve jealousy.
Who can take me to drink, call a beautiful woman, sing, laugh, dance and have a good life?
(5)
The water in front of the Yellow River flows eastward, giving people a sense of sleepiness and spring breeze in spring.
Peach blossoms have no owner, and lovely deep red loves light red.
(6)
Four yellow maiden flowers thrive on the road covered, and thousands of flowers bow and the branches are low.
The butterflies in the flowers are dancing, and the soft yinger in freedom is just singing happily.
(7)
Love flowers don't want to die, but they are afraid to spend all their years urging each other.
Many branches are easy to fall, and young leaves are discussed in detail.
Make an appreciative comment
The first sentence "Huang Siniang's home is full of flowers" points out the place to find flowers. A "path" is a path. "Flowers are all over the path" means that many flowers cover the path and connect it. The second sentence is "a thousand flowers are low." "A hundred flowers blossom" describes a large number. The words "pressure" and "low" in "Pressing branches low" are used very aptly and vividly, vividly depicting the dense, large and numerous flowers in spring, which bend the branches. This sentence is the embodiment of the word "full" in the previous sentence The third sentence, "There is a butterfly dance". "Linglian" describes butterflies flying around and reluctant to leave. Write the bright fragrance of spring flowers from the side. In fact, the poet was also attracted by colorful spring flowers and stayed. The fourth sentence is "Jiao Ying chirps". "Jiao" is a description of Ying Ge's softness and roundness. "Chen Wenjing Ti" means that when the poet came to enjoy the flowers, the oriole was singing. Just because the poet was happy, he took it for granted that oriole sang for himself. This is the same as the previous sentence, saying that butterflies are attached to spring flowers, which is empathy. Because the poet successfully used this technique to integrate things with me and create a scene, this little poem is more intimate and interesting to read.
In the first year of Shangyuan (760), Du Fu lived in Xiguo Caotang, Chengdu. After the troubled times, he began to have a place to live, which made the poet feel gratified. In spring, he walked alone along the river, and his feelings were born with the scenery, which became seven poems. This is the sixth group of poems.
The first sentence points out that the place to find flowers is on the path of "Huang Si's family". This sentence is written in a poem by a famous person, which has a strong interest in life and a folk song flavor. The second sentence "a thousand flowers" is the embodiment of the word "full" in the previous sentence. "The branches are very low", which depicts the flowers bending the branches heavily, and the scenery is lifelike. The words "pressure" and "low" are used accurately and vividly. In the third sentence, colorful butterflies on the flower branches wander around, and they "linger" because they love flowers, suggesting that the flowers are fragrant and fresh. The flowers are lovely, and the dancing of butterflies is also lovely, which inevitably makes people who walk "linger". But he may not stop, but move on, because the scenery is infinite and there are many beautiful scenery. "Always" is not an occasional sight. Using this word, the fun of spring is rendered. Just when it was pleasing to the eye, a string of beautiful songs by oriole happened to wake up the poet who was intoxicated with flowers. This is the artistic conception of the last sentence. The word "jiao" describes Yinger's soft voice. "Freedom" is not only an objective portrayal of Jiao Ying's posture, but also a pleasant and relaxing psychological feeling. The poem ends with Ying Ge's "Chen Wenjing", which is full of charm. Reading this quatrain, I seem to be walking on the road to "Huang Si's maiden" in the suburbs of Chengdu thousands of years ago, enjoying the infinite beauty endowed by spring with the poet.
This poem is about appreciating the scenery, which is common in the quatrains of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. However, it is rare to see such a poem with exquisite description and unusually beautiful colors. For example, "So people are at the peach blossom bank until the stream flows in front of the door" (Chang Jian's "Looking for Li Jiuzhuang in Three Days"), "Last night, the wind opened the peach well, and the moon was high in the front hall of Weiyang" (Wang Changling's "Spring Palace Complaint"), these scenes all appear "beautiful"; After Du Fu's Flowers Blooming, a Thousand Flowers, butterflies and songs were added, and the scenery was beautiful. This kind of writing is unprecedented.
Secondly, people in the prosperous Tang Dynasty paid great attention to the harmony of poetic tone. Their quatrains can often be strung together, so they are very harmonious. Du Fu's quatrains are not written for singing, but purely poetry, so there are often awkward sentences. According to the law, the sentence "flowers are pressing branches" in this poem should be flat. But this "contradiction" is by no means an arbitrary destruction of the melody, and the overlap of "letting a hundred flowers blossom" has a taste of beauty. Although the word "duo" of "Qianhua" and the word "four" in the same position in the previous sentence belong to the same tone, the rising tone and falling tone are different from each other, and the tone still changes. It's not that poets don't pay attention to the musical beauty of poetry. This is manifested in the use of disyllabic words, onomatopoeic words and reduplicated words in three or four sentences. "Liulian" and "Freedom" are disyllabic words, such as the connection between beads and melody. "Chen Wenjing" is an onomatopoeic word, which describes the voice of Jiao Ying and gives people an immersive auditory image. "Yes" and "Chen Wenjing" are overlapping words. Even if the upper and lower sentences form antithesis, the meaning is stronger and more vivid, which can better express the poet's sudden joy when he is infatuated with Hua Hudie and suddenly awakened by the sound of warblers. Except for the words "dance" and "warbler", these two sentences are all tongue-toothed.
The use of this series of tongue-and-teeth sounds creates a sense of language, which vividly shows the feeling that flower lovers are intoxicated and surprised by the beautiful scenery. The utility of sound is very helpful to the expression of emotions.
Syntactically, most of the poems in the prosperous Tang Dynasty were naturally mixed, but Du Fu was different from them. For example, "antithesis" (later couplets) is the style of quatrains in the early Tang Dynasty, and there are few quatrains in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, because it is difficult to achieve a perfect ending. Du Fu, however, is hard to see, and such a poem couplet is both steady and memorable, which makes people feel that it is used properly: when it is pleasing to the eye, isn't it more fascinating to listen to Ying Ge's "Cha Cha"? Besides, according to customary grammar, these two sentences should be written like this: butterflies dance when they play, and yinger crows freely. Put "lingering" and "freedom" at the beginning of the sentence,
3. Encountering the River is very common in Qi Wangfu, and Cui has heard it several times before.
Never thought, in this Jiangnan scenic area; It is the season of falling flowers, and I can meet you, an old acquaintance.
To annotate ...
Li Guinian: A famous musician in the Kaiyuan and Tianbao periods of the Tang Dynasty, who was good at singing. Because it was favored by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, it was very popular. After the "An Shi Rebellion", Li Guinian settled in Jiangnan and made a living by busking.
King Qi: The younger brother of Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, named Li Fan, is famous for his studious and versatile temperament. Ordinary: often.
Cui Jiu: Cui Di, ranked ninth, is the younger brother of Cui Shu, the secretariat. When Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty was in power, he used to be the supervisor of the temple, which was very popular with him. Cui was a famous surname at that time, which showed that he was valued.
Jiangnan: refers to the present area of Hunan Province.
Autumn: the end of spring, usually referring to the third month of the lunar calendar. Falling flowers have many meanings, such as old age, social ills and chaos. Jun: Li Guinian.
translate
I have seen your performance in the Qi Palace before.
In front of Cui, I have heard your singing many times and appreciated your literary talent.
Spring in the south of the Yangtze River is the season of falling flowers.
I didn't expect to meet your old acquaintance at this moment.
Metrics of poetry
The rhyme of this poem is: twelve characters of flat clouds and water.
In the Qi family, I often see your performances; Before urging the wine hall, I praised your art many times.
Never thought, in this Jiangnan scenic area; It is the season of falling flowers, and I can meet you, an old acquaintance.
4. The news that the banks of the Yellow River were recovered by the imperial army is in this distant West Station! The north has been recovered! At first, I couldn't stop crying on my coat.
Where are my wife and son? There is not a trace of sadness on their faces. However, I packed my books and poems crazily.
On a green spring day, I began to go home, singing my songs loudly and drinking my wine.
Come back from this mountain, pass another mountain, go up from the south and then go north-to my own town! .
To annotate ...
(1) Wen: I heard. Official army: refers to the army of the Tang Dynasty.
(2) Outside the sword gate: south of the sword gate, referring to Sichuan. Northern Hebei: It refers to the Youzhou and Jizhou areas in the Tang Dynasty. Now the northern part of Hebei Province is the base of Anshi rebels.
(3) tears: tears.
4 but look: look back. Wife: wife and children. Where is the sadness: where is there a little sadness? Worry has disappeared without a trace.
[5] ju m \u n poetry books are ecstatic: roll them up at will. In other words, Du Fu can't wait to pack up and go home. Ecstasy: I'm going crazy with joy
[6] Singing: Singing loudly. X: I think so. Indulge in drinking: drink to the fullest.
(7) Youth: indicates a beautiful spring. Company: bring a wife and children.
⑻ Wuxia: One of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, named after crossing Wushan Mountain.
Levies: It means "justice". Xiangyang: It belongs to Hubei now. Luoyang: Now it belongs to the ancient city of Henan.
Vernacular translation
Suddenly, the news of recovering Jibei spread outside Jianmenguan. When I first heard about it, I was very happy and shed tears.
Looking back, the sadness of my wife and children suddenly dissipated, and I picked up a collection of poems and was ecstatic.
Sunny, singing loudly, drinking wine, bright spring accompanied me back to my hometown.
Let's go, let's go to the dam and cross the martial arts. I passed Xiangyang and went straight to Luoyang.
Make an appreciative comment
Du Fu wrote to himself at the bottom of this poem: "I am in Tokyo." The theme of the poem is to express the joy of hearing the good news that the rebellion has subsided and returning home. "The news of this distant western station! The north has been taken back! " The rapid rise just shows the suddenness of good news. The poet has been wandering outside the sword for many years, so it is difficult to prepare for a taste. Because of the failure of "Jibei" and the Anshi rebellion, it is impossible to return to my hometown. Now, the "thistle that suddenly spread to the north", the torrent of surprise suddenly burst open the emotional floodgate that had been suppressed for a long time, making the poet surge in emotion. "At first, I couldn't stop tears pouring down my coat." "The first news" is closely related to the "sudden news", which shows that the good news came too suddenly, while the "tears full of clothes" is vivid, showing the emotional waves aroused by the sudden news at the moment of "the first news", which is the true expression of joy and sadness and the intersection of sadness and joy. "Jibei" has been collected, the war will stop, and the suffering of Gankun and Limin will be cured. The poet, who was displaced from place to place and hated other sufferings, finally got through it. However, after drawing a lesson from the bitter experience, the poet recalled the sufferings he had endured in the past eight years, but he couldn't help but feel sad and couldn't help it. However, this catastrophe finally passed like a nightmare. The poet can return to his hometown and people will start a new life, so he turns sorrow into joy and is in heaven. The psychological changes and complex feelings of the First News at that time, if written in prose, need a lot of pen and ink, and the poet only uses the word "tears full of skirts" to describe the image, which is enough to sum up all this.
It is a higher peak of surprise to turn around and stay in "ecstasy". "Looking at the wife" and "reading poetry" are two continuous actions, which have a certain causal relationship. Poets will naturally think of their wives and children who have suffered together for many years when they are sad and happy and "full of tears." "Looking at it" means "looking back". The action of "looking back" is very meaningful. The poet seems to want to say something to his family, but he doesn't know where to start. Actually, there is no need to say anything. I don't know where the cloud that has shrouded the whole family for many years has gone. Relatives no longer frown, but smile. The reversal of the joy of relatives increased the poet's joy, and the poet no longer had no intention of bending over his desk, so he rolled up his poems and shared the joy of victory.
The couplets of "Loud my song, Deep my wine, Start my home on a green spring day" further describe "ecstasy". "Day" refers to sunny days, indicating that people have reached old age. Old people rarely "sing" and should not "indulge in wine"; Nowadays, we should not only "sing" but also "indulge in wine", which is a concrete manifestation of "ecstasy". This sentence was written in a "crazy" state, and the next sentence was written in a "crazy" thinking. "Youth" refers to the scenery in spring. Spring has arrived, and it is time to "go home" with his wife and children among flowers, birds, fish and insects. Poets will naturally be "ecstatic" when they think about this.
On the green spring day when I came home, the poet at the end of the couplet was in Zizhou, but his heart suddenly returned to his hometown. The poet's surprise reached a climax and the whole poem ended. This couplet contains four place names. "Baxia", "Wuxia", "Xiangyang" and "Luoyang" are all dual (in-sentence pairs), which form a neat pair of place names; And the combination of "slave" and "slave" is a pair of flowing fresh water. Coupled with the dynamics of "wear" and "orientation" and the repetition of two "gorge" and two "yang", the style and tone of writing are as fast as lightning, which accurately shows the galloping of the poet's imagination. There is a long distance between Basha, Wuxia, Xiangyang and Luoyang. Once the words "follow", "wear", "go down" and "go" run through them, the pictures of "coming back from this mountain, crossing another mountain, coming up from the south and going north-to my own town" appear one after another. What needs to be pointed out here is that the poet not only expresses imagination, but also depicts reality. From "under the dam" to "Wu gorge", the gorge is dangerous and narrow, and the boat is like a shuttle, so it is used to wear; When I left Wuxia to Xiangyang, I drove downstream quickly, so I used "Xia"; From "Xiangyang" to "Luoyang", the land was changed, so the word "Xiang" was used with high accuracy.
The whole poem is full of unrestrained feelings and vividly expresses the author's incomparable joy. Later poetics spoke highly of this poem, and Pu Yin Long praised it as Du Fu's "first quick poem in his life" (after reading Du Xinjie).
Except for the first narrative point, all the other sentences in this poem express the poet's surprise when he suddenly heard the news of victory. The poet's thoughts and feelings poured out of his chest and rushed down. Qiu quoted in Detailed Notes on Du Shaoling Collection: "This poem is full of joy and joy, and it is full of twists and turns without makeup. The simpler, the more real. Others must never be enlightened. "
5, "Delighting in Rain on a Spring Night" good rain knows the season, when spring happens.
Sneak into the night with the wind, moisten things silently.
The wild path is dark, and the river is bright.
Look at the red and wet place, the flowers in Jinguancheng are heavy.
To annotate ...
Good rain: refers to spring rain.
Yes, right away.
Occurrence: Promote plant growth, germination and growth.
Secretly, quietly.
Moisturizing: Nourishing plants through rain.
The road to the wilderness: the road to the field.
All: all, all.
River boat: a fishing boat on the river.
One person: one person, only.
Xiao: Good morning.
Red wet place: flowers become heavy after being wet by rain. Red, flowers.
Flower weight: Flowers look full and heavy because of the rain and hang down.
Fire: This refers to fishing fire.
Make an appreciative comment
This poem is about "rain", and the poet keenly grasped the characteristics of this rain and described it from all aspects. The first sentence is about the rainy season, which directly praised the timely rain. It seems that I know people's minds and come quietly when I need them most. The last three sentences focus on "rain at night". It was dark in the wild, only a little fishing fire was looming. The poet then guessed excitedly: By dawn, Jinguan City should be colorful. There is not a word "hi" in the poem, but it reflects the poet's joy everywhere. This rain is like choosing the right time, just like everything grows in spring, and it will come soon. The drizzle came quietly on the night of spring breeze. It moistens things silently, without any sound. On a rainy night, the path between the ridges is dark, and only the lights on the fishing boats in the river are on. If you get up in the morning and have a look, Jinguan City should be colorful! Look at the safflower field with rain, and you will see that the flowers in Jinguancheng are full and heavy because of rain. )