Seven laws? Dragon Boat Festival (two songs)
Lao She
During the Dragon Boat Festival, it rained heavily, and I invited my brother to drink and take an umbrella to explore. My baby Xiaojiang came and went in new shoes, but he fell into the mud. Two things about poetry and discipline:
one
The Dragon Boat Festival is full of storms, and the children in the village are still wearing old clothes;
Invited to bring a hat, dare to love the thatched cottage for the mud;
Guests who are related by flesh and blood and have no money to buy wine for sale;
At that time, the fish was three feet, not as delicious as the beans today.
Secondly,
Xiaojiang's feet are short of mud and he is busy trying on new shoes for the first time;
Scold a puppy in front of the guests and plant sorghum indoors;
Stealing candy to see the wall and occasionally doodling on the wall;
Unfortunately, the steps were wet with rain, and my face was covered with mud!
(Chongqing 1942)
Appreciate:
one
The first couplet "The Dragon Boat Festival is full of storms, and the children in the village are still wearing old clothes" is undoubtedly a description of the time and environment at that time, and also a portrayal of the whole situation in the most difficult period in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. Even on the Dragon Boat Festival, there is no festive atmosphere. At that time, writers in Chongqing had low income, lack of money and poor life. Even after the Dragon Boat Festival, the wind suddenly became "rain crazy", and the "children in the village" still wore old clothes, and "Xiao Jiang" just changed a pair of "new shoes". This is enough to prove that in the most difficult period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the livelihood of people in non-enemy-occupied areas is bleak.
The next couplet, "Invite me to wear a hat again, dare to love the thatched cottage for the mud", tells that Wu Zuxiang came to Lao She's apartment with rain gear regardless of the wind and rain, and Lao She was deeply moved. How dare he "love" his thatched cottage because of the deep mud and not keep the appointment! Here, the main performance is Wu Zuxiang's "hospitality", and even the "bamboo hat" that Lao She needed for shelter from the wind and rain was brought. It can be described as thoughtful, which is the concrete embodiment of sincere "invitation" and fully embodies Wu Zuxiang's sincere friendship and kind character.
On the necklace, the phrase "A guest is as close as flesh and blood, and has no money to buy wine for sale" was written by Wu Zuxiang, who regarded Lao She as "a guest" and "a heart". Therefore, no matter how poor you are, you should use the money earned from "selling articles" to support your family and "buy wine" to entertain guests. At that time, literati had no fixed salary. They support their families by selling things. It is really difficult for Wu Zuxiang to support a family with several wives and children by writing articles alone. This pair of couplets is the concrete expression of Wu Zuxiang's feelings for Lao She, the sublimation of the feelings expressed in the first two sentences, and the most weighty sentence in this poem, which Wu Zuxiang will never forget. It is the climax, soul and finishing touch of the whole poem. Because of this, Wu Zuxiang sincerely regrets that he is "one of Lao She's close friends".
The sentence "The fish was three feet in those days, not like the bean flavor today" was written by Wu Zuxiang. How many times did he invite Lao She to dinner? It is unclear to everyone. But I remember that when Lao She came to dinner, the food should be rich. "Fish is three feet" means that the fish is very big, which is a metaphor for a rich family dinner. However, this Dragon Boat Festival is rather shabby. The so-called "not as delicious as today's beans" is to express this meaning. "Bean flavor is fragrant" has two meanings, one is the rice dumplings with bean paste, which they made by themselves according to the traditional custom of eating rice dumplings on the Dragon Boat Festival in China, and the other is the vegetables planted by the Wu family. It can be seen that the weight of friendship cannot be measured by the number of dishes. As far as the depth of feelings is concerned, in today's life, although there are only "bean-flavored" zongzi and vegetables, they are not inferior to the previous "fish three feet", but closer, more cordial and intimate, which shows the relationship between the two.
Secondly,
The first couplet, "Xiaojiang's feet are short of three feet of mud, and he is busy trying on new shoes for the first time", writes that "Xiaojiang" was influenced by his father's hospitality, so he did not hesitate to sacrifice his "new shoes", walked with short legs and stepped on the "three feet" deep mud, and was too busy to meet Lao She. Here, "Xiaojiang's feet are short" and "mud three feet" form a sharp contrast; "Trying on new shoes for the first time" shows that this is a holiday gift for Xiao Jiang, and "busy" highlights his liveliness and hospitality. The first two sentences of the poem describe the naughty but lovely characteristics of "Xiaojiang" with vivid examples.
Zhuan Xu wrote that when Xiao Jiang welcomed the guests into the "front door", he wisely scolded the dog away to welcome them into the house. As soon as the guest sat down, his task was completed, so he stopped bothering the guest and consciously started his "labor" activity of "learning to plant sorghum indoors"-when we read the first half of this poem, an exquisite, clever and mature child image came into view. It is written here that "Xiao Jiang" is doing serious things like an adult, which is an aspect of his personality.
However, "Xiaojiang" is a 6-year-old child after all, and all children have his naughty, active and playful nature. In the second half of the poem, Lao She vividly shows the other side of Xiaojiang's exquisiteness, cleverness and maturity-"stealing candy and pretending to look at the wall", which shows his greed and cunning, but he is alert and clever. After doing the bad thing of stealing, he still cares about Wang Gu. "Accidental thinking doodles on the wall" shows his wisdom and playfulness; "Accidental thinking" shows his cleverness and alertness; "doodles on the wall" shows his playfulness and childishness.
At the end of the poem, "It's a pity that the steps are covered with rain and mud" completely depicts his mischievous state, suffering from "bitter fruit"-when we read the second half of the poem, the image of a clever and sophisticated child disappeared. At this time, the poet showed us that "Xiaojiang" was so naughty that people couldn't help laughing.
This poem, in just eight sentences, not only records all the activities of "Xiaojiang" in chronological order, but also highly summarizes and vividly reflects the whole childhood of "Xiaojiang" who spent this day. Lao She vividly described "Xiaojiang" and "the two sides of the strait", and the lovely images of innocence, romance and childlike interest jumped from the paper and were loved by everyone.
Writing background:
The first poem highlights the profound friendship between Lao She and Wu Zuxiang, especially Wu Zuxiang's excellent quality of being sincere to others. At the same time, it also reveals the hardships and sufferings of 1942 literati living in Chongqing under the most difficult environment in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. Chongqing, as the capital of the rear area, is still so, and as a higher-level scholar, the life of people in other parts of the country is self-evident! It can be seen that this poem has greatly broken through the level of private communication and greatly enhanced its social significance and ideological connotation.
Before the end of 1943, Lao She's wife and children were still far away in the occupied area of Beiping. When friends invite him to dinner, he never eats for nothing. He always brings some gifts. On one occasion, Wu Zuxiang invited Lao She to dinner. He brought fruit, but he said humorously, "I bought some peaches for Mr. Tuan's young master, Xiao Jiang, which was more sour than vinegar. Get something, or accost someone to cheat him into eating ... "Wu Zuxiang said:" Actually, every time he comes to my house, he mostly buys rich meat and vegetables because he knows that we are in trouble and sick at that time, so that our family can take this opportunity to have a' rich meal'. This is Lao She's humor. " Besides, every once in a while, Lao She always invites friends back to the restaurant. It can be said that Lao She was hospitable and popular all his life.
What's more, Lao She and Wu Zuxiang are by no means fair-weather friends who associate for food and drink. Their communication is more about frankly discussing literary creation, encouraging each other and criticizing each other. For example, Wu Zuxiang's novel Duckbill Waterlogging was just published in March 1943, and Lao She wrote a comment on Reading Duckbill Waterlogging in June of the same year. The commentary pointed out bluntly: "Mr. Zukun has not written a novel for seven or eight years. The writing of Duckbill Waterlogging not only makes me feel happy personally, but also makes the whole literary and art circles feel gratified. The name of this book is not well named. The platypus is too honest. " Hey ",who knows what it is! "In the subsequent conversation, Lao She suggested that the novel Duckbill Waterlogging be renamed Mountain Torrents. Sure enough, when Duckbill Waterlogging was reprinted by Shanghai Xingqun Publishing Company on 1946, Wu Zuxiang changed the title to Mountain Torrents. This kind of frank and well-intentioned literary criticism style is hard to see today, and it is really commendable.
Not only that, Lao She, who knew Wu Zuxiang's "difficulties at hand", was also eager to get a teaching position for Wu Zuxiang. According to the diary of Wu Zuxiang1June 9, 942, Lao She has been helping him to contact Fudan University to teach. Because of his failure, Lao She immediately contacted Central University to teach in Wu Zuxiang. Soon, on July 25th of 1942, Wu Zuxiang received a notice from Teachers College of Central University: "Thank you for your respect. Mr. Shu Sheyu is knowledgeable and admired by all. The Chinese Department of Central University plans to hire Mr. Shu as a full-time lecturer, with a salary of 260 yuan, and the allowance will increase or decrease at any time. There is a unified method. Because the theme is based on modern literature and art, it is more detailed. If you like, you will feel no burden. " 6. Lao She found a job for Wu Zuxiang, asking people everywhere, trying to help, trying to be friends. It's really hard to get, and Wu Zuxiang appreciates it. This is also an important reason why Wu Zuxiang feels that he is "one of Lao She's close friends".
Thus, the friendship between Lao She and Wu Zuxiang is sincere, comprehensive and has a solid foundation, which is the result of years of working and fighting side by side.