The vitality of grass is very tenacious, and it is not afraid of wind and rain, cold and heat, and it can grow everywhere. Therefore, grass has become the best representative of the poet's vitality. For example, Bai Juyi's Farewell to Ancient Grass: "The vast grass crosses the plain and comes and goes with the four seasons. Wildfire never completely devoured them, and they grew taller again in the spring breeze. " Ouyang Xiu's "Three Spring Tours in Fengle Pavilion": "The spring clouds are light and the sun is high, before the grass stirs the clothes." Spring grass flourishes and grows vigorously, touching the skirts of tourists, and the word "teasing" shows the thriving trend of spring grass.
2. Express homesickness and separation.
Since the Chu Ci Zhao Yin wrote that "the prince and grandson don't return, the spring grass grows and the warbler flies", the grass is often associated with homesickness in poetry. This is probably every spring, spring grass will bloom again, just like the return, and sentimental poets often associate the return of "grass" with the return of "people". Therefore, the poet uses endless and ubiquitous grass to symbolize the same endless and ubiquitous sadness. For example, Li Yu's "Qing Ping Le": "If you hate like spring grass, you can go further and live better." With endless spring grass, far away from the horizon, it is a metaphor for the sadness of parting. Fan Zhongyan's Su Curtain Cover "The mountain reflects the setting sun and the sky meets the water, and the grass is ruthless outside the setting sun." Li Shutong's Farewell "Outside the pavilion, beside the ancient road, the grass is blue".
3, the performance of frontier fortress and grassland scenery
The image of "white grass" often appears in ancient poetry. White grass is a kind of grass in the northwest, which is extremely tough, but it can be broken after frost. "Send Tian Wu to Bai Xuege": "The north wind rolls white grass, and eight In the snow crosses Tatar." "White Grass Stack" highlights the unique climate in the northwest frontier: the wind is crazy and the rain is cold, which shows the heroic spirit of the soldiers who are not afraid of hard life. Grass is the most common plant in grassland, which can best represent the scenery of grassland. For example, the northern folk song "Chile Song": "The sky is grey, the wild is vast, and the wind blows the grass and the cattle and sheep are low."
4. Metaphor is insignificant in one's own position.
Grass is a small plant in nature, which is easy to eradicate and destroy. In ancient poetry, it is often used as a metaphor for smallness. For example, Du Fu's "A Night Abroad": "A small wind rippled on the grass bank, passed through the night, and blew to my motionless tall mast." Writing about the breeze blowing the fine grass on the river bank is not a vague description of the landscape, but a feeling in the landscape. At this time, Du Fu's good friend Yanwu passed away, and the poet fell into a desolate and helpless situation. By writing the scenery, he showed his situation and feelings: as small and humble as the grass on the river bank.
Morphological characteristics:
Dwarf herbs, usually forming dense clumps. Leaves are concentrated at the base, and leaf sheaths are densely fibrous near the ground; Ligule is very short, with short fiber hairs; The leaves are narrow and linear, often folded into needles, with a length of 1-6 cm and a width of 0.8- 1.2 mm, and sometimes there are sparse white villi on them, and the edges are thickened. The spike is solitary, terminal, with 1 node at the place where it is planted, more or less curved, (3-)5-8(- 10) cm long, and the edge of the spike axis is short or hairless. Spikelets lanceolate, 2.2-2.8 mm long; Glumes membranous, equal to spikelets, sometimes purplish brown, awnless, with 1 pulse; The first glume is slightly asymmetrical, and the back of the second glume is flat; The lemma is membranous and transparent, about 65438 0.5 mm long, with an acuminate apex, pilose dorsal surface, -3 veins, and long white cilia near the edge of lateral veins; Palea membranous, lanceolate, slightly shorter than lemma, with 2 ridges, pilose on the ridges, and puberulent between lemmas. The flowering and fruiting period is from July to September.
Origin and habitat:
Tibet, Yunnan, Guangdong and other provinces; Most of them are found in desert grasslands or rocks, and also in coastal sand. It is distributed in Europe, Asia, non-tropical and subtropical regions. Type specimens were collected from India.