In mid-July, I went to Mingyue Mountain for a beautiful legend.
? It is said that Chang'e flew into the Moon Palace from here. So who is Chang'e? Why fly to the moon? What decisive influence does the myth and legend of Chang'e flying to the moon have on the meaning of the "moon" in Chinese classical poetry?
1. Chang'e
? Chang'e, whose real name is Chang'e (renamed Chang'e because she violated Emperor Wen's taboo), according to historical records, was one of the three emperors and five emperors in ancient times. )'s daughter and the wife of Hou Yi (Dayi). Date of birth approximately 2400 BC.
? There is a record in "The Classic of Mountains and Seas": Chang Xi, also known as Chang Yi, gave birth to twelve moons to Emperor Ku (Emperor Jun), and "Chang Xi" literally means "birth moon" means that the daughter of Emperor Ku and Chang Yi is Chang'e, the goddess of the moon. Chang'e is also known as Chang'e. Emperor Ku's son Shaohao (Shaohao) gave birth to Ban, who invented the bow and arrow. Emperor Ku's minister Yi was famous for archery. Yi was older than Ban and was the same generation as Emperor Ku. Hou Yi was able to master the bow and arrow invented by Shaohao's son and shoot down nine suns. In order to affirm and reward his ministers, Emperor Ku married his daughter to Yi.
2. The positioning of the story about Chang'e flying to the moon N
? Among the different stories about Chang'e flying to the moon, I like the following one the most.
? "Hou Yi shot down nine suns and was respected and loved by the people. Many people with lofty ideals came to learn from him. Peng Meng, a treacherous and evil-minded man, also sneaked in. Hou Yi asked The Queen Mother of the West asked for a package of elixir and gave it to Chang'e for safekeeping. Peng Meng took advantage of Hou Yi's absence and forced Chang'e to hand over the elixir. When Chang'e was in danger, she swallowed the elixir and soon she floated off the ground and flew to the moon to become a fairy. Hou Yi returned home and could not find a wife. He beat his chest and looked up at the moon and called out Chang'e's name. His call alarmed the sky. Sure enough, Hou Yi's figure appeared on the bright moon. Hou Yi hurriedly placed the incense table and placed it on her. Their favorite sweets and fresh fruits were sacrificed to Chang'e in the moon palace. After hearing the news that Chang'e flew to the moon and became a fairy, they also set up incense tables under the moon to pay homage to Chang'e. Later, the moon mother was killed by Yi. Impressed, Chang'e allowed Chang'e to meet Yi under the laurel tree on a full moon day. From then on, the custom of worshiping the moon during the Mid-Autumn Festival spread among the people." The evidence is as follows:
"Huainan Ziwai Eight Chapters". : Yi asked the Queen Mother of the West for the elixir of immortality and entrusted it to Chang'e. He stole it when he was in trouble, but failed to steal it, and wanted to harm Chang'e. E had no idea and swallowed the elixir to ascend to heaven. However, he couldn't bear to leave Yi and stayed in the Moon Palace. Guanghan was lonely and desolate, and there was no way to continue, so he urged Wu Gang to cut down Gui, and the Jade Rabbit pounded the medicine, hoping to prepare the medicine for ascension and return to the world.
"Huainan Ziwai Eight Chapters": In the past, Yi was hunting in the mountains and met Chang'e under the laurel tree. Then the laurel was used as a proof, and it was a perfect match made in heaven.
? "Huainan Ziwai Eight Chapters": When Yi heard that E was flying to the moon, he was so sad that he wished to live. In gratitude for his sincerity, the Moon Mother allowed E to meet Yi under the laurel on the day of the full moon. There are many people among the people who hear his whispers. Therefore, people in the Song Dynasty have a saying: "A round of eternal cold and deep, all the sweet-scented osmanthus flowers will turn white."
3. Chang'e's flight to the moon and the meaning of "moon" in classical poetry
? The story of Chang'e's flight to the moon extols and praises Chang'e and Hou Yi with a distinctive attitude and brilliant colors Good love, the image of Chang'e is as beautiful as the moon, which is in line with people's pursuit of beauty. Therefore, "moon" gradually evolved into meanings such as "love", " lovesickness", "reunion", and "impermanence".
Li Qingzhao's "One Cut Plum": "When the wild geese return, the moon is full on the west tower." Liu Yong's "Yulin Bell" "Where can I wake up tonight? The dawn wind is waning on the willow bank." Zhou Bangyan In "The Romantic Son", "Looking at the misty river, the geese are singing sadly; the half moon is cold, and the shadows of people are scattered." In Su Shi's "Jiangchengzi", "It is expected that the heart will be broken every year, and on a bright moon night, there will be short pines." Moon. There are countless images of lovesickness between lovers.
? Li Bai's "Quiet Night Thoughts" "Raise your head to look at the bright moon, lower your head to miss your hometown." Du Fu's "The dew is white tonight, and the moon is bright in my hometown." Fan Zhongyan's "Su Muzhe" "The bright moon" Sitting alone in the high building, drinking wine turns into tears of lovesickness. "They all chose the image of "moon" to express their homesickness.
? Su Shi's "I hope that people will live forever, and the beauty of the beauty of the moon" in Su Shi's "Shui Tiao Ge Tou" should be the most open-minded. The poet wishes all the relatives and friends in the world who are suffering from parting. , Lovers can enjoy the moonlight in perfect physical and mental health. In Li Bai's "I heard that Wang Changling moved to the left and Longbiao was far away, I sent this message" "I send my sorrowful heart to the bright moon, and follow the wind until the night is in the west." The poet turned his longing for his friends into whimsical thoughts, and asked the bright moon and clear breeze to do it for him. Yelang conveyed his greetings and expressed his concern and longing for his old friend. Zi Juyi's "Longing Love": "I miss you for a long time, I hate you for a long time, and my hatred doesn't stop until I return. The moon is bright and people lean on the building." It expresses the deepest longing in the simplest language.
? In the vast classical poetry, many poetry masters have integrated their eulogies of ideals, yearning for the future, praise of love, harvest of life, and helplessness of fate into the moon. In the world, one can express one's feelings under the moonlight. Whether it is sadness, joy, separation, or union, they are all integrated into the bright moon, and the soul reaches the ascension in the unity of things and myself. Reading it today still lingers with lingering rhyme and makes me feel soul-stirring.
(Baidu Library)
That year, under the bright moon mountain
I swallowed the elixir
Soared into the sky
You shouted at the sky and grabbed the earth
With tears in my eyes
I guard the Moon Palace alone
With the Jade Rabbit and the Osmanthus Tree as my companions
You stick to the world
Communicate with the common people
I miss you thousands of miles
You are still in front of me
You gave me a green mountain
A lush forest and bamboos
The plank road stretches long
I give you a bright moon
White clouds are like washing
The flowing water
Because of love
We look at each other from a distance
Traveling through heaven and earth