all one's life
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Defoe was born in London, England, whose real name is Fu. Defoe later added a prefix that sounded like noble "Germany" in front of his surname, forming the pseudonym Defoe. Defoe's father, James Defoe, engaged in slaughter. His parents are Presbyterians and don't believe in the Anglican Church. Defoe himself received a secondary education in Presbyterian school, but he didn't go to college. Defoe once went to the sea to do business, but failed, even went bankrupt at 1692. Later, in order to make a living, he worked as a government intelligence officer and wrote at the same time. 1696, he became the manager of a brick factory in London.
Defoe didn't believe in the Anglican Church, which made him support Protestant William III politically. 1702, Defoe published a pamphlet "Shortcuts to Eliminate Different Sects", criticized the Tory authorities for persecuting different sects in a sarcastic tone, and was arrested. After trial, Defoe was sentenced to six months in prison and marched with flail for three days from July 3 1703 to July 3 1. Defoe wrote a poem "Ode to cangue punishment" in prison. This made people regard him as a hero in his parade, throw flowers at him instead of stones, and drink to his health. Whig leader Robert Whaley admired Defoe's talent very much. Under his intervention, Defoe was released. Harry hopes Defoe can run a magazine and win public support for his Scottish-English joint policy. Defoe founded the French Current Affairs Review in 1704 with Harry's support. Harry fell from power in 1708, and Defoe continued to support his successor, Godolphin, until 17 13.
17 19 Defoe completed Robinson Crusoe, his most famous work, according to some experiences of sailor alexander selkirk and his own ideas, and translated it into Chinese version. The novel tells the story of a sailor who escaped from a shipwreck on a desert island, overcame the sinister natural environment through his wisdom and courage, and was finally rescued and returned to England. This novel is very popular, with four editions published in one year. It is still read by people all over the world. Defoe's other major novels include 1720' s Captain singleton and 1722' s Moore Flanders. Defoe also wrote a lot of pamphlets and news reports. 1722 A plague occurred in Marseille, France. Defoe published the Great Epidemic Era, which catered to the public's attention at that time and was very popular.
Main work
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robinson crusoe
Captain singleton.
The Fortunes and Misfortunes of Moll Flanders
Diary of pandemic year
References:
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Interviewee: wqquenya- magician level 4 4-28 17:44
Defoe was an important writer of English enlightenment literature in the18th century. Robinson Crusoe, his masterpiece, is a literary masterpiece with wide spread and great influence, showing a strong bourgeois enterprising spirit and enlightenment consciousness. This novel was written by Defoe inspired by a true story at that time.
Defoe (1659 or 1660 ~ 173 1) is an English writer. Born in London. My father runs a slaughter business. Defoe only received secondary education and believed in Presbyterian sects that did not belong to the Anglican Church. By the time he was in his twenties, Defoe was already a respected businessman in London, who had run underwear, tobacco and alcohol industries. Have been to continental Europe. 1692 went bankrupt in business and had to make another living. He is a government intelligence officer, designing and developing business. He is also engaged in writing. In his early years, he was famous for writing political essays and satirical poems, opposing feudal autocracy and advocating the development of capitalist industry and commerce. 1698, he published "On Development", suggesting building roads, opening banks, collecting income tax, running fire and water insurance, running a madhouse and running a girls' school. 1702, he satirized the government's religious discrimination policy with irony in his political essay "Shortcuts to Eliminate Paganism". Because of his clever writing, he was not seen through at first. After being discovered, he was arrested and imprisoned for half a year and sentenced to cangue punishment. When he was subjected to flail punishment, he distributed his long poem Ode to Flail Punishment, satirizing the injustice of the law, and onlookers in London regarded him as a hero. From 1704 to 17 13, he presided over Review magazine for Harry, creating public opinion and collecting intelligence. 17 19 Defoe published his first novel Robinson Crusoe, which was well received by readers. Subsequently, Robinson Crusoe was published. 1720, he wrote Robinson Crusoe. Since then, he has published Captain singleton (1720), Moore Ferlande (1722), Captain Jack (1722), Roxana (1724) and Peter the Great.
References:
Yitongtong
Responder: hong suei 2- Apprenticeship Guide Level 3 4-28 20:33
Daniel defoe (1660-1731April 24th) is a British novelist, journalist and pamphlet author. His works are mainly for individuals to overcome difficulties through hard work and relying on their own wisdom and courage. The plot is tortuous, self-reported and readable. It also shows the social atmosphere of pursuing adventure and advocating personal struggle at that time. Robinson Crusoe, his masterpiece, is famous all over the world, and Robinson has become a typical example of struggling with difficulties, so he is regarded as one of the pioneers of English novels.
all one's life
-
Defoe was born in London, England, whose real name is Fu. Defoe later added a prefix that sounded like noble "Germany" in front of his surname, forming the pseudonym Defoe. Defoe's father, James Defoe, engaged in slaughter. His parents are Presbyterians and don't believe in the Anglican Church. Defoe himself received a secondary education in Presbyterian school, but he didn't go to college. Defoe once went to the sea to do business, but failed, even went bankrupt at 1692. Later, in order to make a living, he worked as a government intelligence officer and wrote at the same time. 1696, he became the manager of a brick factory in London.
Defoe didn't believe in the Anglican Church, which made him support Protestant William III politically. 1702, Defoe published a pamphlet "Shortcuts to Eliminate Different Sects", criticized the Tory authorities for persecuting different sects in a sarcastic tone, and was arrested. After trial, Defoe was sentenced to six months in prison and marched with flail for three days from July 3 1703 to July 3 1. Defoe wrote a poem "Ode to cangue punishment" in prison. This made people regard him as a hero in his parade, throw flowers at him instead of stones, and drink to his health. Whig leader Robert Whaley admired Defoe's talent very much. Under his intervention, Defoe was released. Harry hopes Defoe can run a magazine and win public support for his Scottish-English joint policy. Defoe founded the French Current Affairs Review in 1704 with Harry's support. Harry fell from power in 1708, and Defoe continued to support his successor, Godolphin, until 17 13.
17 19 Defoe completed Robinson Crusoe, his most famous work, according to some experiences of sailor alexander selkirk and his own ideas, and translated it into Chinese version. The novel tells the story of a sailor who escaped from a shipwreck on a desert island, overcame the sinister natural environment through his wisdom and courage, and was finally rescued and returned to England. This novel is very popular, with four editions published in one year. It is still read by people all over the world. Defoe's other major novels include 1720' s Captain singleton and 1722' s Moore Flanders. Defoe also wrote a lot of pamphlets and news reports. 1722 A plague occurred in Marseille, France. Defoe published the Great Epidemic Era, which catered to the public's attention at that time and was very popular.
Main work
-
robinson crusoe
Captain singleton.
The Fortunes and Misfortunes of Moll Flanders
Diary of pandemic year
Defoe didn't believe in the Anglican Church, which made him support Protestant William III politically. 1702, Defoe published a pamphlet "Shortcuts to Eliminate Different Sects", criticized the Tory authorities for persecuting different sects in a sarcastic tone, and was arrested. After trial, Defoe was sentenced to six months in prison and marched with flail for three days from July 3 1703 to July 3 1. Defoe wrote a poem "Ode to cangue punishment" in prison. This made people regard him as a hero in his parade, throw flowers at him instead of stones, and drink to his health. Whig leader Robert Whaley admired Defoe's talent very much. Under his intervention, Defoe was released. Harry hopes Defoe can run a magazine and win public support for his Scottish-English joint policy. Defoe founded the French Current Affairs Review in 1704 with Harry's support. Harry fell from power in 1708, and Defoe continued to support his successor, Godolphin, until 17 13.
17 19 Defoe completed Robinson Crusoe, his most famous work, according to some experiences of sailor alexander selkirk and his own ideas, and translated it into Chinese version. The novel tells the story of a sailor who escaped from a shipwreck on a desert island, overcame the sinister natural environment through his wisdom and courage, and was finally rescued and returned to England. This novel is very popular, with four editions published in one year. It is still read by people all over the world. Defoe's other major novels include 1720' s Captain singleton and 1722' s Moore Flanders. Defoe also wrote a lot of pamphlets and news reports. 1722 A plague occurred in Marseille, France. Defoe published the Great Epidemic Era, which catered to the public's attention at that time and was very popular.
Interviewee: Gao Zuming-novice level 3 4-28 2 1:39
Defoe (1660? ~ 173 1), English novelist. Born in London. My father runs the slaughter industry and believes in Presbyterian church which is different from the state religion. Defoe's original surname was Fu, and he called himself Defoe after 1703. He has a secondary education, but he has no university education in classical literature. He has always maintained a position different from the Anglican belief, and is politically inclined to the Whigs.
In his early years, he was engaged in underwear, tobacco and alcohol, woolen goods, brick making and other industries, and went to mainland countries to do business. 1685 participated in the rebellion against the Catholic king led by Monmouth Duke; From 65438 to 0688, William, a Dutch Protestant, led an army to land in England and succeeded to the British throne. Defoe joined his army. 1692, he went bankrupt in business and his debts reached 17000. Later, I failed many times and had to make a living in various ways. He worked as a government agent, designed various development careers and engaged in writing at the same time. 1698 published "On Development", advocating building roads, running banks, enacting bankruptcy laws, setting up insane asylum, running fire and water insurance, collecting income tax and running girls' schools. 170 1 year, he published the satirical poem "The Real Englishman", arguing that there are no pure Englishmen, opposing the aristocratic Catholic forces and defending the foreign Protestant William III. This poem has been printed in nine editions. 1702 published a political essay "Shortcuts to Eliminate Different Sects", which used irony to oppose the oppression of people of different sects by the state religion. The writing is unique, I didn't see it at first. Later, he was found out, fined, imprisoned for six months and flogged three times, but he was regarded as a hero by Londoners. While in prison, he wrote an ode to the cangue (1703) imitating the ode of the Greek poet Pindaros, satirizing the injustice of the law.
1704, he ran Review magazine for Whig leader Harry, mainly to win support for Harry's joint policy of England and Scotland. After that, he traveled between England and Scotland for 1 1 year, serving as the secret agent of Harry and his successor Tory Godolphin, collecting public opinions. During this period, he was imprisoned for a short time for writing articles. But he never stopped collecting information, running newspapers and writing articles for Whig politicians.
Defoe started writing novels at the age of 59. 17 19 The first novel Robinson Crusoe was published and was very popular. A sequel was published in the same year. 1720, Robinson's Meditations was written again. Since then, he has written four novels: Captain singleton (1720) and Moore? Flanders, Captain Jack (both 1722) and Roxana (1724). In addition, he also wrote biographies of cadres, such as Campbell's Biography of the Deaf (1720) and Peter the Great (1723). Several travel books at home and abroad, such as New Travel Notes around the World (1724), Four Travel Notes of Captain Roberts (1726) and A Tour of the whole Island of Britain (1724 ~ 1727, 3 volumes, tour guide nature). He also has several books on business, such as Business Encyclopedia (1726), British Business Strategy (1728) and Ways to Make London the Most Prosperous City in the World (1728). His Encyclopedia of English Gentlemen was published in 1890 after his death.
It is said that Defoe is associated with 26 magazines, and some people call him "the father of modern news reporting". His works, including a large number of political pamphlets, up to 250 kinds, meet the needs of bourgeois development and write about issues of interest and concern to the urban middle class. For example, Mrs. Will's epiphany documentary (1706) vividly reported a popular ghost story; In the plague era (1722), the great plague of London in 1665 was written, which vividly described the occurrence and spread of the plague, the terror and panic it caused, the number of deaths and the escape from the plague. At that time, the plague epidemic in Marseille, France attracted special attention, and Defoe's works satisfied the public's curiosity about plague.
Defoe's Robinson Crusoe is a widely circulated masterpiece. 1704, Scottish sailor Selcock rebelled at sea and was thrown to a desert island off Chile. It took him five years to be saved at last. Defoe was inspired by this incident and wrote this book. Robinson did not listen to his father's advice, went out to sea to do business and sell slaves, was killed at sea, lived on a desert island for 28 years, fought against nature on the island, took in a savage on Friday, saved the captain of a mutinous ship, returned to England, and went to Brazil to run a plantation to get rich. There is also a sequel. In the second part, he revisited his hometown, pretended to be an island owner, educated the islanders, visited Brazilian plantations, and then ventured around the world, including China and Siberia. The third is moral preaching.
Captain singleton tells the story of the protagonist being kidnapped as a child, becoming a pirate and venturing to Africa and the East to make a fortune. Moore? Some people think Flanders is Defoe's best novel. The protagonist is the daughter of a female thief, born in prison and adopted by a kind mayor. She seduced men, married many times and stole for a living, and was sent to Virginia, USA, to run a plantation with her ex-husband for the rest of her life. Colonel Jack is the worst. The hero became a thief at an early age, worked as a soldier, was sold to Virginia, and finally became a planter and returned to England. The protagonist of Roksana is the daughter of French Protestants. She lived in England, married a wine merchant in London, was abandoned, worked as a prostitute in England, France, the Netherlands and other places, and married a Dutch businessman. The businessman went to prison in debt, and she died in regret.
Defoe's novels inherited the tradition of Spanish tramp novels in the Renaissance, and often wrote about a man of humble origin, who became rich and succeeded through wit and personal struggle. Society does not allow such a person to stand out, so he (she) has to do a series of cheating, stealing and even selling his/her body by any means. Out of Puritan morality, the author always makes his hero express regret and swear not to do bad things, but the environment repeatedly forces the hero to break his oath.
Defoe has a deep understanding of the characters he describes, and he is good at writing about individuals overcoming difficulties in unfavorable environments. The hero in his works is smart and energetic. He doesn't believe in fate, but believes in "common sense". The plot structure leaves no trace. He is particularly good at describing the environment, with vivid details and fictional scenes, which makes people feel as if they are there. I can't help but be unconvinced. His language is natural and he doesn't quote classics; The story is told by the protagonist, which makes readers feel kind.
Respondent: Yi Shu Ning-Scholar Level 2 5-8 20:38.
Brief introduction of Defoe
Defoe ranked first among the four famous British novelists in the18th century. Robinson Crusoe, written by Defoe, had a great influence at that time and is still a masterpiece that appeals to both refined and popular tastes.
Defoe was born in 1660. 1640, the British bourgeoisie gained political power through violence, but in the year when Defoe was born, the Stuart royal family representing the feudal reactionary forces was restored in Britain. Defoe was born in a small oil candle merchant family, belonging to the middle and lower bourgeoisie, and politically opposed the feudal rule of Stuart royal family. When Defoe was 28 years old, that is, 1688, the bourgeoisie drove out the Stuart royal family and regained power. While doing business, he engaged in political activities and wrote many pamphlets. Because some books and speeches exposed unreasonable phenomena in society at that time, he was put into prison three or four times. At 59, he wrote Robinson Crusoe. This novel is based on a true story. More than 200 years ago, selkirk, a Suge, was a sailor on an English ship. 1704 One day in September, selkirk was abandoned on an uninhabited island in ancient Latin America because of a conflict with the captain. Selkirk was in a bad mood, but he gradually got used to it. He caught goats as food, built two small houses out of wood and sheepskin, used nails as needles, and took apart broken socks for sewing. He lived on a desert island for two years and four months. On February 1709, an English navigator rescued him from the island. When Selkirk returned to Scotland, he often told people about his extraordinary experiences in hotels. Later, Defoe wrote this book based on this story. After Robinson Crusoe, he wrote many novels, such as Captain singleton, Captain Jack, Rock Cha Na, London Plague, Memoirs of a Knight and so on. But he never got into the famous literati circle at that time. These literati have higher social status than him. He was poor all his life, and had to leave home to hide from his debts before he died.
173 1 passed away in grief and indignation on April 26th.
References:
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Respondents: Xun 1 130- novice level 2 5-9 18:2 1.
Daniel defoe (1660-1731April 24th) is a British novelist, journalist and pamphlet author. His works are mainly for individuals to overcome difficulties through hard work and relying on their own wisdom and courage. The plot is tortuous, self-reported and readable. It also shows the social atmosphere of pursuing adventure and advocating personal struggle at that time. Robinson Crusoe, his masterpiece, is famous all over the world, and Robinson has become a typical example of struggling with difficulties, so he is regarded as one of the pioneers of English novels.
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