Flowers fade, flowers fly all over the sky, who pity the red incense?
The spring pavilion floats softly, and the falling wool touches the embroidered curtain.
The daughter in the boudoir cherishes the spring dusk and looks sad.
Hoe the flowers out of the embroidered boudoir by hand, and endure stepping on the fallen flowers again and again.
The pods of willows and elms come from wheat straw, regardless of whether peaches float with Li Fei.
Peaches and plums can be delivered next year. Who do you know in the boudoir next year?
The fragrant nest has been built in March, and Liang Jianyan is too heartless!
Although you can peck flowers and hairs next year, it is not easy for people to go to the empty nest.
360 days a year, wind, knife, frost and sword are pressing hard,
When will it shine? Once you drift, it's hard to find.
Flowers are easy to see but hard to find, and sorrow kills and buries people in front of the steps.
Leaning on the hoe alone, I shed tears in the dark, and the branches on it saw blood stains.
The cuckoo was silent at dusk, and the lotus hoe returned to cover the heavy door.
When the blue light shone on the wall, people began to sleep, but the window was not warm.
Blaming slaves is double depression, half pity and half trouble;
Flow spring suddenly to bother, and to silence.
Last night, I sent a sad song outside the court, knowing that it was a flower soul and a bird soul?
The soul of a flower and a bird is always hard to stay, and the bird is ashamed of itself without words.
May slaves have wings and fly to the end of the sky with flowers.
After all, where is Xiangshan?
Hide the wind without a trick.
It's better to be clean than trapped in a ditch.
I am going to die and be buried, but I don't know when Nong will die.
The man who buried the flowers is laughing today, but who did he know when he buried them?
Let's see the residual flowers of spring gradually falling, which is the time when beauty dies of old age.
No sad songs for me, I don't know what happened! This poem is very good.
2. Interpretation of classic poems of A Dream of Red Mansions 1. Ode to Bai Hai Tang 1.
Jiao xiake
The setting sun is cold and the grass is heavy, and the moss is full of rain pots.
Jade is harder than pure spirit, and snow is easier to forget.
My heart is weak, and my beautiful image is marked in the middle of the night.
Don't say that immortals can feather, but sing with me late.
Appreciation: This poem was written by Tan Chun. The sunset shines on the autumn hay, and the courtyard door is closed. The stems and leaves of begonia are lush and green, covering the whole flowerpot. Her spirit is like jade, unparalleled, and her bones and muscles piled up like snow are particularly intoxicating. Small stamens are fragrant and delicate, and the shadows of flowers in the dead of night are mottled like tears on the moon. Don't say that begonia can fly away like a fairy in clothes. She accompanied me to sing softly at dusk.
Second, "Jinling Twelve Women's Atlas Judgment" Qiaojie
If you are defeated, don't worry about your family.
I met a benefactor because I helped Liu.
Appreciation: Don't talk about how noble you are when your power declines, and don't cling to your relatives and friends when your family goes bankrupt. It was only because I helped Mrs. Liu indirectly by accident that I happened to meet a rescuer later.
Third, "lifelong mistakes"
All roads lead to gold and jade. I only saw the alliance between wood and stone.
Facing the crystal snow on the mountain, I will never forget the lonely forest in Shu Xian.
Sighing that there is a fly in the ointment in the world, even in the case of Qi Mei, it is hard to say what it means.
Appreciation: The tune was written in Baoyu's tone, indicating that Baoyu was still thinking of the dead Lin Daiyu despite facing Baochai all day after marriage. At the same time, I express my deep sympathy for Xue Baochai's marriage, which ruined her youth and happiness all her life.
Four, "the stone archway couplet in the dreamland"
False is true, true is false, and inaction is everywhere.
Appreciation: This couplet appeared twice in the book: once in Zhen's dream; Another time appeared in Jia Baoyu's dream. Zhen in the novel is indifferent, aloof and carefree. One day, when Zhen was sleeping at noon, he dreamed of a monk with a psychic Baoyu in his hand. So Zhen followed them to the "dreamland" and saw this couplet on the stone archway. This couplet seems simple, but in fact it has profound implications. Buddhism believes that everything in the world is true and has its shape; Its essence is false, that is, nothing.
3. Appreciation of Classic Sentences in A Dream of Red Mansions There is no material on the stone to fill the sky, and the years are wasted in the world of mortals.
This department is behind the scenes. Who will remember to make a strange biography? Appreciate this is the preface poem that the author explains the creation reason of The Story of the Stone according to the myth.
In the poem, the stubborn stone said that he could not help the world, was abandoned by the world, and lived in poverty for half his life. I have to turn to books to put my own observations and feelings about reality; He cheng's novel A Dream of Red Mansions. The so-called "no talent", seemingly ashamed, is actually conceited, which is the author's angry words and a feeling of "treating a strange man as a poet"; Take a hard stone as a metaphor to show unconventional pride.
The Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty, when the novel came into being, was the turning point of the last dynasty in China feudal society from prosperity to decline. The economic foundation of feudalism has decayed, the new capitalist relations of production have sprouted, and the feudal system will completely collapse. The author has smelled the dying breath of the feudal class after the appearance of "peace and prosperity"; He is dissatisfied with the reality, but he wants to "mend the sky" and save the decline of his class. But he saw that the "sky" of the feudal system was so broken that it could not be repaired at all, so he lamented that he had lived in vain.
This is also the profound era and class root of nihilism and pessimistic fatalism in A Dream of Red Mansions. However, in A Dream of Red Mansions, Cao Xueqin insisted on the principle of realism, which he called "following the trail, not daring to make a slight breakthrough, but using it for human use and losing its true story". In this way, as Engels said, "you have to go against your class sympathy and political prejudice;" He saw the inevitability of the demise of his beloved aristocrat and described him as a person who did not deserve a better fate. "
(To Ma Harkness) This makes us see the irreversible historical fate that the whole feudal class is bound to "fail" from the "past and future" described by Cao Xueqin, that is, the decline and fall of a typical feudal family described in the novel. The topic is full of ridiculous words, a bitter tear! Dou Yun's author is crazy, who can understand the taste? Appreciating this five-character quatrain is a special description of the bitterness and difficulty of the author's creation of A Dream of Red Mansions, and it is also the only poem in the book that appears as an author.
Cao Xueqin, in mourning for Hongxuan, "read it for ten years, added and deleted it five times" and completed a dream of red mansions, an unprecedented wonderful book. Not only in the eyes of the author, but also in the eyes of future generations, it is also "every word is like blood, and ten years of hard work is extraordinary (JOE Review by Zhi Yanzhai)".
The so-called "absurd words" in the poem are actually not absurd, it is a ruthless criticism and exposure of feudal society. Including all kinds of adventures that the stubborn stone turned into a "psychic Baoyu" and was brought into the world of mortals by waiter Shen Ying; It also includes the joys and sorrows of the love stories of Bao, Dai and Chai. The internal struggle of feudal rulers represented by four big families and so on.
A "bitter tears" tells the ups and downs of Cao Xueqin's life. When the author wrote A Dream of Red Mansions, he had changed from a greedy aristocratic son of Zhong Ming to a poor scholar, and his life was hard and miserable beyond description.
There are many idiots at all times and in all countries, but the book A Dream of Red Mansions, written by Cao Shi in ten years, is the best interpretation of "Dou Yun's author is crazy, who can understand the taste". The illusory world is true and false when the couplets are true, and there is nothing but no reason.
It is recorded for the first time in Jian Shu that Zhen Yinshi, a township official, lived next to Hulu Temple in Renqing Lane, Shili Street, Nagato, Suzhou. Men get rid of the shackles of fame and agile staff and live a well-off life at home.
One day during my nap, I met a monk in my dream (that is, the vast number of monks, mysterious real people). I was lucky enough to see the stubborn stone (psychic Baoyu) in their hands, and unconsciously followed the monk to the "dreamland" and saw this couplet on the stone archway. Buddhism and Taoism are two religions with different origins.
Cao Xueqin intends to let the monks walk with the Taoist priests, which is obviously a teasing meaning to increase the sense of humor in the novel. Moreover, the use of words such as "space", "vastness" and "obscurity" clearly tells readers that this is a fictional "fake village dialect" made out of nothing.
However, this kind of virtuality has its foundation, that is, both Buddhism and Taoism hold a nihilistic and negative attitude towards social life, believing that the pursuit of material and spiritual life and the disputes arising therefrom are illusory and meaningless, and it is only meaningful to seek spiritual liberation through pure inaction and relying on spiritual strength-becoming a fairy and becoming a Buddha. This pair of couplets embodies this theory of advocating nothingness.
Buddhism believes that everything in the world seems to be real and exists in terms of its phenomenon; In essence, it is false and nihilistic. The former is the view of secular people, so it is called "vulgar truth"; The latter is truth, so it is called "truth".
This couplet is based on this idealistic theory to laugh at secular people. Its implied meaning is: people in society worship the rich and hate the poor, work hard for fame and fortune, and struggle hard, that is, they mistake the false for the true and treat the true as false instead; Treat falsehood as truth, but treat truth as nothingness.
Cao Xueqin can't have a more advanced theory to criticize and deny the social reality he hates, and Buddhism and Taoism also deny the real society, so it naturally becomes Cao Xueqin's ready-made theoretical weapon. What needs to be distinguished is that the author does not want to promote religious teachings through his works, but uses some religious ideas for my own needs.
Cao Xueqin loves life very much, otherwise he would not have devoted himself to writing such a colorful Dream of Red Mansions. When we read A Dream of Red Mansions, we should look for inspiration mainly from the broad social life picture and many vivid characters described by the author, and we should have a clear understanding of nihilistic preaching on the basis of analysis.
Mid-Autumn Festival has an uncertain wish for the moon, which frequently adds a period of sadness; When bored, close your forehead and go back several times. Who cares about romantic affairs? If Toad is interested, go to Jade's house first.
The appreciation of this poem appeared at the first time. Jia Yucun, a poor scholar, lives in Hulu Temple next door to Zhen's house.
This man is tall and distinguished, and he is deeply appreciated by Zhen. One day, in Zhen's study, I accidentally caught a glimpse of Zhen's mane and apricot flowers in the courtyard.
Because the host often mentioned Jia Yucun, this charming apricot tree looked back at him, and Jia Yucun took it as an example.
4. Appreciation of the classic passages in A Dream of Red Mansions: Flowers are blooming everywhere. Who has pity when the fragrance dies? The spring pavilion floats softly, and the falling wool touches the embroidered curtain.
The daughter in the boudoir cherishes the spring dusk and looks sad. Hoe flowers out of embroidered curtains with your hands and endure falling flowers again and again?
The pods of willows and elms come from wheat straw, regardless of whether peaches float with Li Fei. Peaches and plums can be delivered next year. Who do you know in the boudoir next year?
The fragrant nest has been built in March, and Liang Jianyan is too heartless! Although you can peck flowers and hairs next year, it is not easy for people to go to the empty nest.
360 days a year, the wind and sword are threatening. How long can it be glamorous? Once adrift, it's hard to find.
Flowers are easy to see but hard to find, and those who bury them suffocate in front of the steps. Leaning on the hoe alone, I shed tears in the dark, and the branches on it saw blood stains.
The cuckoo was silent at dusk, and the lotus hoe returned to cover the heavy door. When the blue light shone on the wall, people began to sleep, but the window was not warm.
Accusing slaves is twice as bad as hurting people? Half out of pity, half out of trouble. Flow spring suddenly to bother, and to silence.
Last night, I sent a sad song outside the court, knowing that it was the soul of flowers and birds. The soul of a flower and a bird is always hard to stay, and the bird is ashamed of itself without words.
Appreciate:
Burying Flowers is a poem recited by Lin Daiyu, the heroine of Zhang Hui in the novel A Dream of Red Mansions written by Cao Xueqin. This poem imitates the Song style of the early Tang Dynasty in style, and it is called chanting flowers, but in fact it describes people. The whole poem shows Daiyu's sentimental character, inner contradictions and pains, subtle and complicated psychological activities through rich and peculiar imagination, bleak and sad pictures and strong sad emotions, and expresses her anxiety about her own existence and confused feelings about life in the process of complex struggles such as life and death, love and hate.
Personize flowers, compare people to people with flowers, closely link the fate of flowers with the fate of people, and strongly accuse the evil forces that destroy flowers and harm people in the dark society. Write flowers clearly, people truly, and integrate the experience, fate, thoughts and feelings of characters into the description of scenery and things to create a vivid artistic conception with rich connotation and strong artistic appeal. The whole poem is a true portrayal of Lin Daiyu's concept and value of life.
The whole poem is lyrical and incisive, with weeping language, sad voice and blood and tears in every word. Every word in the poem is not from the heart, and every word is not condensed with blood and tears, which shows Lin Daiyu's experience and sigh about her life. Burying Flowers describes the protagonist's aloof and arrogant character, unwilling to be humiliated and defiled, and unwilling to bow down when he fantasizes about freedom and happiness. It is for its ideological value.
Another value of this poem is that it provides important clues for future generations to explore the tragedy of Baodai in Cao Xueqin's works. JOE version of Zhi Yanzhai's comment on writing points out that it is impossible to comment on this poem without reading After Baoyu. It is precisely the "post-essay" related to this poem that makes the critics "stop writing and wait".
Of course, the so-called "post-text" refers to the text of Daiyu's death in the second half of the lost manuscript. If this poem only symbolizes the misfortune of a fallen beauty in general, then you don't have to wait for the next one; Only when what is written in the poem is not general, but mostly related to the plot of Daiyu's death later, it is necessary to emphasize that after reading the following words, I will go back and deepen my understanding of this poem. It can be seen that "Burying Flowers" is actually a "poetic prophecy" created by Lin Daiyu.
Sewing tips for fallen flowers and burying incense graves for fallen flowers; I had to write a poem in tears. This "absurd" behavior has never been seen before. Only those who are infatuated with Bao Dai can understand it, and only when it happens to Bao Dai can it be understood by the world.
There is a quatrain in Fu Cha Yi Ming's tihongloumeng, a contemporary of Cao Xueqin: "A mourning poem seems to come true. There is a ray that died for love and woke up to grow into HongLing? " "It seems to be true" can only be said by people who know the plot of Daiyu's death written by the author.
The classic sentences in the first sixty chapters of A Dream of Red Mansions have broken the "good songs" that people read. Everyone knows that immortals are good, but their fame is unforgettable.
Where will the past and present be? A pile of grass on the wasteland is missing. Everyone knows that immortals are good, but gold and silver can't forget them; In the end, I only hate getting together, but I close my eyes for a long time.
Everyone knows that immortals are good, but only wives can't forget them; You said hello on your birthday, and you died with others. Everyone knows that immortals are good, but only children and grandchildren can't forget them; There have been many infatuated parents since ancient times. Who has seen filial piety for children and grandchildren? Poetry appreciation appeared for the first time.
After the downfall of the Zhen family business, the couple moved to the grange in the country. Catch up with the "drought, drought, mice steal bees", there is no place to live, so we have to sell land to my father-in-law's house.
His father-in-law is also a stingy and greedy man, and he got all the remaining money into his own hands. Zhen's "bitterness and anger plus pain" and "poverty and illness" were cornered.
One day, he was walking on crutches in the street when he suddenly saw a "crazy, sloppy" foot-broken walker coming and chanting this song. This "good song" promotes a nihilistic thought of escaping from reality.
From a religious point of view, people live in the world, make contributions, get rich, covet their wives and take care of their children and grandchildren because they are blinded by lust and have not yet "realized". This song shows in simple language that all this is unreliable.
The lame Taoist said that "good is good, and good is good when you die", and extended the meaning of "good" and "evil" to another level, saying that only by cutting off all contact with the world, that is, only by completely dying, can you be completely "good". So his song is called "Good Song".
The negative color of a good song is very obvious, but we can't simply discard it as dross. Because the author intends to write this "Good Song", it is a criticism of the social reality he hates. Although it is a negative criticism, it also has its value.
The author was born in the upper feudal family, personally observed the decay of this class, personally experienced the pain of the aristocratic class from prosperity to decline, and thought for half a life, which aroused his strong sense of anger. He wants to denounce and curse, and Good Song is a song of denunciation and curse. The author's feelings are very complicated.
He devoted himself to creating a picturesque environment like the Grand View Garden, creating so many kind and pure images of girls and depicting so many interesting things. It can be seen that the author knows life and has such an elegant life interest! Where there is love, there is hate. His description of Jia She, Jia Zhen and Jia Lian, who are inferior to pigs and dogs, is a whipping to the objects he hates. In the end, everything he loved or hated was destroyed together, which made him fall into unavoidable mental pain.
Knowing the author's attitude towards life and looking at this nihilistic thing he wrote, we can put it in a suitable position to understand it. That is to say, although the author's world outlook has a negative side of nothingness, it is different from that of monks and Taoists who have no love or hate; Without a deep passion for life, how can you write such a profound dream of red mansions? Zhen's "Good Song" explains that the humble room is empty and the bed is full; Grass withered and poplar withered, which used to be the dance floor.
Spider silk is covered with carved beams, and green yarn is attached to the awning window. Why do you say that the fat is thick and the powder is fragrant, and why are the temples frosted again? Yesterday, the loess first sent bones, and tonight, Yuanyang lies at the bottom of the red account.
A box full of gold and a box full of silver, all beggars were slandered in an instant. I am lamenting that his life is not long, but I don't know that I am back! Well-trained, you can't be a girder in the future; Choose cream beam, who wants to live in Yanhua Lane! Because the gauze cap is too small, it has a lock cangue; I broke my coat yesterday, and now I think purple pythons are long.
You sing and I go on stage, but you think other places are your hometown. That's ridiculous. In the final analysis, it's all about making wedding clothes for others.
Poetry appreciation, this song, first appeared. The tramp sang "good songs" to inspire Zhen Yinshi to "realize"; Zhen is a clever scholar and has had the experience of family destruction. He understood it as soon as he heard it, and then made this annotation for "good songs", which further extended the idea of "good songs"
This annotation is more specific, vivid and cold than Good Songs. The rich suddenly become poor, and the poor suddenly become rich; Teenagers get old suddenly, and the living die suddenly-things are impermanent and everything is illusory.
I want to teach my son to be filial to his ancestors, but he just went to be a robber; I want my daughter to be a lady, but she has become a prostitute; I tried to climb higher and higher in the official rank, but I became a prisoner-fate is unpredictable, and no one can escape. But people in the world are still awake, still fighting with each other, like a noisy stage, making endless noise.
This is the basic idea of the annotation of Good Songs. Like Song of Goodness, it belongs to the product of serving the world and being vulgar.
Because of its vivid contrast everywhere, it is cloudy and sunny, hot and cold, sometimes laughing and cursing, sometimes singing and crying, which makes it popular and smooth, making it have strong appeal. For the characters in Vanity Fair in feudal society at that time, it was like a pot of cold water, which was completely refreshing; It also has certain cognitive significance for people today to understand the corruption and darkness of feudal society.
The annotation of this "good song" creates a sinister atmosphere of "glory and decline, beauty and decline" at the beginning of the book, and also summarizes and predicts the rise and fall of Rong Ning Fannie and Freddie. This generalization and prediction is based on the whole, and it is difficult to say which person or persons a sentence refers to.
If someone thinks that "all beggars are slandered in an instant" refers to Zhen Baoyu and Jia Baoyu; "Green yarn is pasted on the screen window" refers to Jia Yucun and others; "Because the gauze cap is too small, the lock is lifted" refers to Jia Yucun, Jia She and others; "I felt sorry for my coat yesterday, but now I think the purple python is too long" refers to Jia Lan, Jia Jun and others, and so on. At first glance, it seems a bit like it, but it may not be the author's intention.
Since it is a general description of the contents of the book, some seem natural, but if you simply correspond each sentence with the characters in the book, you can't explain it. If you think that "well-trained, you can't be a girder in the future" refers to Liu Xianglian, what is the basis? This book doesn't tell who Liu Xianglian's father is, or how to teach his children well, or predict that Liu Xianglian will become a robber. How can we be sure that Liu Xianglian is referring to him? Some people even say that Liu Xiang.
6. A dream of red mansions classic sentence, completely original, word for word typing. Full of nonsense, a bitter tear.
Classic famous poems
Dai Yu's Funeral Poems,&; lt； Taohuahang & gt；; And. lt； Autumn window storm >.
Among them, I like her poem Tang Duoling best. Falling flowers and a hundred flowers can ruin the pagoda, which seems to be thin and empty. Every grass and tree knows sorrow, but youth is bald, sighing that whoever gives up in this life will get it, and the east wind will marry in spring, regardless of it, and I will go by myself and endure long stay!
There is also Baochai who cooked for Xiangyun, invited her to eat crabs, remember chrysanthemums, ask chrysanthemums, and read chrysanthemum poems when visiting chrysanthemums ... I like pillow chardonnay best, for chrysanthemums, and Baochai's crab songs satirize the world.
Among the peach blossom poems of the poetry club, an ancient poem by Daiyu is the most important. Everyone in Jia Yuanchun has written poems, and Daiyu wrote the best poem about Daoxiang Village for Baoyu.
A series of poems by Haitang Society, in which Daiyu semi-blinds the door, grinding ice into soil and jade into a basin. Steal a pear for three cents and borrow a plum blossom for a soul. (I won't recite the last two sentences)
Bao Qin and Li Wan's two nieces also wrote three poems: Red Plum Blossoms.
Everyone is writing poems in Lu Xueting. This string of poems ... is really connected ... from the night when the north wind was tight in Xifeng, it was really literary.
Baoqin later made great contributions to literature, and also wrote ten nostalgic poems in memory of this legendary woman (I didn't guess them all).
When the Grand View Garden was completed, Baoyu went in and mentioned many famous poems on pavilions. Although the book always describes all his boudoir sisters who are slightly inferior in literary talent, personally, I think his poems are novel and ingenious, and I feel good. ..
Finally, present. .. a heavyweight word, I remember going to the opera anyway. Baochai ordered people to perform The Journey to the West and other live dramas to please the old lady, but Baoyu did not care. Baochai said that there is a wonderful poem here: "parasitic grass", which is not very accurate, but since then I have especially liked Su Shi's "Ding Feng", which has similar artistic conception and feels like a masterpiece. Hmm. How interesting
There are still many details to describe. I don't think I can type, my hand. Hehe, I can't get tired of seeing the Red Chamber. Read it again and exchange experiences later.
7. The second classic poem of A Dream of Red Mansions and its appreciation have been forgotten, and there is no turning back.
This couplet is a mockery and a great drink for those who are greedy in Vanity Fair. Jia Yucun thought it was "simple in words, but profound in meaning". He was fired because he "forgot to give in". The book says that when he was a magistrate, he "had the disadvantage of being greedy and cool." Although he didn't tell the specific plot, but from his later "gourd case misjudgment", he was greedy and ruthless, and did some ulterior activities. Jia Yucun made a little somersault in officialdom, so it is even more interesting for the author to write this couplet from his eyes. However, people like him will not be inspired to turn back. There are many similar people in the book, such as Jia She, Jia Lian, Xifeng Wang and so on. When they are in power, they can't wait to keep everything they can get until they lose everything.
A game is not won, and the fragrant tea is still there.
If you want to know the signs of prosperity and decline, you must ask people who look on coldly.
This poem uses chess as a metaphor. "Win or lose a game" shows us that the rise and fall of every feudal bureaucratic landlord family is directly related to the victory or defeat of a political force or political group as its patron in the internal struggle of the feudal class. "The fragrant tea is sold out" means that after a long time, the chessboard is already an endgame, which means that people who have lasted for a hundred years have never lived. "Wandering around" is too late to understand. "Fake material" and "wandering", that is, the so-called "hundred-legged insect, dead but not stiff", look from the shelf outside "which is like a dilapidated house". The last sentence said that "the authorities are lost, the bystanders see clearly", which also shows that the author intends to write the name "Leng Zixing" and his speech to Guo Rong Mansion.
I am a master because I made a mistake.
One move-originally referring to the next move, as the saying goes, "One careless move will lose the game." There is an action of talking about people here. Jiao Xing looked back at Jia Yucun's eyes out of curiosity. From the point of view that feudal ethics prohibited women from caring about outsiders, it was deviant, so she said it was "wrong". However, it is precisely because of this "one mistake" that she has become a "person". "A mistake", Cheng Gaoben's "A Review", was tampered with by later generations. The difference between the two words has turned the original irony of feudal ethics into admiration for the fate of a girl like Mrs. Shangguan.