"Yan Yan" in "The Book of Songs" is a poem describing a woman's longing for a traveler. Its allusion comes from the Spring and Autumn Period.
According to "Zuo Zhuan: The Third Year of Yin Gong", Duan, the younger brother of Duke Zhuang of Zheng, was favored by his mother and launched a rebellion because he was dissatisfied with Duke Zhuang passing the position of heir to Duke Zhuang. But it ultimately failed and Duan was forced to flee. Zhuang Gong's mother was ashamed of Zhuang Gong's behavior, so she chose to leave the palace and live in Yinggu.
Zhuang Gong felt very painful about his mother's departure. He deeply felt that he was sorry for his mother. He wrote the poem "Yan Yan" to express his longing and regret for his mother.
The swallow is flying, but its feathers are missing. The son returned home and was sent far away into the wild. I can't even look forward to it, and I cry like rain. This is the first chapter of "Yan Yan", which depicts the scene of a woman bidding farewell to a traveler. The poet uses the image of a swallow spreading its wings to describe a woman's reluctance to leave the traveler. Then, Mr. Zhong was left alone, and his heart was blocked. He is gentle and helpful at the end, and he is careful about his body. The poet uses Zhong as the party to see the woman off, expressing the tenderness and virtuousness deep in her heart.
The whole poem is full of the poet's longing and regret for his mother. In the poem, he expressed his reluctance and longing for his mother, and also expressed his regret that his mother had left him. This feeling of regret is fully reflected in the poem: It rains, it rains, and the sun rises. I would like to speak to Si Bo and be willing to be ill. The poet hopes that his mother can come back. His body and mind are in pain because of missing his mother.
The main expression techniques of The Book of Songs:
1. The technique of Fu is widely used in The Book of Songs. Fu is an expression technique that directly lays out the narrative. It directly presents the content to be expressed in a straightforward way. This technique has been widely used in the "Book of Songs", such as "Guanyong", "Jianjia", "July" and other works, all of which use the technique of fu to describe natural scenes, characters and emotional states.
2. The "Book of Songs" also uses a lot of comparison techniques. Ratio is a way to express things or emotions through metaphors, symbols, etc. In the Book of Songs, common metaphors include using things to describe people, using people to describe things, and using things to describe principles. For example, in "Meng", withered mulberry leaves are used to describe a woman's aging appearance, and turtledoves are used to describe greedy people.
3. The "Book of Songs" also uses a lot of Xing techniques. Xing is a technique of expressing the words that are being chanted by prefaced by something else. This technique is usually used at the beginning of a poem to create an atmosphere and exaggerate the situation. For example, "Guan Ju" is based on Guan Guan Ju, which evokes thoughts about ladies.