Analysis by Text Hierarchy "
Jiangnanchun
Du Mu
Jiangnan, the sound of green and red flowers, the waterside village in the foothills.
More than 480 ancient temples were left in the Southern Dynasties, and countless pagodas were shrouded in wind and rain.
We can analyze the aesthetic structure and internal aesthetic form of Du Mu's Jiangnan Spring from three aspects: the language level, the image level and the aesthetic level of literature.
The moral of three aspects.
First, the level of speech. First of all, it has the verbal meaning of literature. This involves the issues of artistic truth and objective truth. In the poem "480 halls of southern dynasties", "480 halls" refers to concrete things. Does it want to show 480 temples in the Southern Dynasties? Of course not, the potential point of superficial proverbs is a phenomenon in the society where Buddhism prevailed at that time. Secondly, most of China's poems are based on emotion, and Lu Ji also said in his prose: "Poetry is beautiful because of emotion." We can know that one of the characteristics of China's classical poetry is the combination of emotion and environment. Judging from the psychological implication of literary language, "Ti Ying is green and red, and the water town is full of wine flags." In the first two sentences, we can see that in the beautiful natural landscape, the wine flag is swaying, quiet and serene, and the poet's happiness at this time can be felt through the words. But then the pen turned: "Four hundred and eighty halls in the southern dynasties, how many towers are misty and rainy." These two sentences are the most common at ordinary times, but they are endowed with specific feelings by the poet in a specific situation. Faced with the current situation that Buddhism wastes people and money, the poet's worries overflow from these ordinary words, and these last two sentences are precisely the key to grasp the poet's feelings from the whole poem. This poem is fluent in sentences, so we will not analyze the resistance of literary language.
Second, the level of literary image. One of the basic characteristics of literary image is the unity of subjectivity and objectivity. In Jiang Nan Chun, "A thousand miles of warblers singing green and reflecting red" is an objective natural image, while "the wind of fruit wine flags in Shan Ye, a water town" is a subjective image with a strong market flavor. "misty rain" is an objective image, and "balcony" is a subjective image. The wonderful thing is that Du Mu put the subjective image of the street in the objective natural environment, and the combination of the two achieved good artistic results. Secondly, many people will think that "480 temples" is unreliable when reading this poem for the first time, but this is exactly the number of temples that the poet unifies his hypothesis with truth, but there are actually no such temples. This is the unity of literary image hypothesis and truth. In addition, the whole picture firmly grasps the title of "Spring in the South of the Yangtze River", and Du Mu uses the freehand brushwork of Chinese painting to enter the poem, creating a series of very picturesque images-"Yingying", "Green reflects red", "Water town", "Mountain fruit" and "wine flag style". A series of common images in Jiangnan Spring, with a few strokes, have formed an image with unique artistic charm in the poet's pen. Lightweight, the unity of individual and general literary image, the unity of certainty and uncertainty has been achieved.
Third, the level of literary implication. People pay special attention to this quatrain, not only because it is full of fresh and beautiful aesthetic meaning with skillful lyric techniques, but more importantly, it has a special historical content behind it. Although the poet said "Southern Dynasties", he actually showed us a vivid historical cross-section of the late Tang Dynasty. In fact, the poet wants to express his concern for social reality and warn his superiors at last by shaping his image through the superficial words of the "480 Temple in the Southern Dynasties".
The whole poem "Jiangnan Spring" is worthy of scrutiny in terms of words, images and even implications. Throughout the poem, the poet describes beautiful scenery with beautiful sentences, but he can express his thoughts with beautiful scenery, which has to make people gasp in admiration!