2022 Chinese High School Entrance Examination Must-Test Knowledge Points 1
Contents
20xx Chinese High School Entrance Examination Must-Test Knowledge Points
High School Entrance Examination Chinese Literary Classics Knowledge points: Journey to the West
How to improve Chinese language scores in the high school entrance examination
Knowledge points required for the 20xx Chinese language high school entrance examination
1. Expression methods: narrative, description, lyricism, explanation , discussion
2. Expression techniques: symbolism, contrast, foil, setting up suspense, echoing before and after, expressing desire before suppressing, supporting objects to express aspirations, borrowing objects to express emotions, association, imagination, foil (positive contrast, contrasting contrast)
3. Rhetorical techniques: metaphor, personification, exaggeration, parallelism, parallelism, quotation, questioning, rhetorical question, repetition, intertextuality, contrast, metonymy, irony
4. Narrative 6 Elements: time, place, characters, cause, process, and result of things
5. Narrative order: forward narration, flashback, interlude narration
6. Description angle: frontal description, profile description
7. Methods of describing characters: language, movement, demeanor, psychology, appearance
8. Angle of describing scenery: vision, hearing, taste, touch
9. Methods of describing scenery: combining movement and stillness (using movement to describe stillness), combining generalization with specificity, from far to near (or from near to far)
10. Description (or lyrical) method: Positive (also called direct), negative (also called indirect)
11. Narrative method: summary narrative, detailed description
12. Explanation sequence: temporal sequence, spatial sequence, Logical sequence
Thirteen. Explanation methods: giving examples, listing numbers, making analogies, making comparisons, defining, classifying, explaining, describing descriptions, and citing
Fourteen , The four parts of the plot of the novel: beginning, development, climax, ending
15. The three elements of the novel: character, storyline, specific environment
16. The description of the environment is divided into: Natural environment, social environment
17. Three elements of argumentation: arguments, arguments, arguments
18. Arguments are classified into: factual arguments, rational arguments
19. Argumentation methods: example (or fact) argumentation, logical argumentation (sometimes also called citation argumentation), comparison (or positive and negative contrast) argumentation, metaphorical argumentation
20. Argumentation methods: argumentation, Refutation (refuting arguments, arguments, demonstrations)
21. The structure of an argumentative essay: total points, total points, total points; the parts of points often have parallel and progressive forms .
22. The functions of quotation marks: quotation; emphasis; specific title; negation, sarcasm, irony
23. Usage of dashes: prompts, comments, summary, progression, Topic change, interjection.
24. Others:
(1) The role of a certain sentence in the text:
1. The beginning of the text: opening the topic; exaggerating the atmosphere (narrative) , novel), lay down the foreshadowing (narrative, novel), set up suspense (novel), and provide support for the following; lead the following;
2. In the text: connect the previous and the following; lead the following; summarize the above;
3. End of the article: point out the center (narrative, novel); deepen the theme (narrative, novel); echo the beginning (argumentative essay, narrative, novel)
(2) Rhetorical techniques The function of: (1) its own function; (2) combined with the context of the sentence.
1. Metaphor, personification: vivid image;
Answer format: write + object + characteristics vividly.
2. Parallelism: powerful, strengthen the tone, complete in one go, etc.;
Answer format: emphasize + object + characteristics
3; Question: arouse readers Attention and thinking;
Answer format: draw readers’ attention and thinking about + object + characteristics
Rhetorical questions: emphasize, strengthen tone, etc.;
4. Comparison : Emphasized...Highlighted...
5. Repeated: Emphasized...Strengthened the tone
Knowledge points of literary masterpieces that must be tested in the Chinese Language Examination: Journey to the West
1. Background of the famous novel
The author Wu Chengen, also known as Ruzhong and also known as Sheyang Jushi, was a novelist of the Ming Dynasty. "Journey to the West" was written in the Ming Dynasty and is still one of my country's four classical masterpieces.
2. Central idea
This book mainly describes the story of Sun Wukong causing trouble in the Heavenly Palace, the birth of Monk Tang, and the four masters and apprentices going to the West to obtain scriptures. It praises the four masters and apprentices, led by Sun Wukong. The valuable spirit of people who are not afraid of hardships and perseverance.
3. Writing characteristics
① This novel is good at telling stories and is highly readable.
② It is good at shaping the image of the mission, and the characters it creates such as Sun Wukong and Zhu Bajie are unforgettable.
③The whole book is full of wild imagination and bold and strange exaggerations.
4. Character
Tang Monk: Believe in Buddhism, strictly observe the precepts, have clear goals, firm stance, and courageous spirit that is indestructible; but sometimes there is no distinction between good and bad, good and bad.
Sun Wukong: Unruly, daring to take action, brave and witty, clear about love and hate, hate evil as much as hatred, upright and selfless, chivalrous and righteous, fearless, and dare to resist oppression.
Zhu Bajie: On the one hand, he is lazy, short-sighted, fond of gossiping, playing tricks, talking, taking advantage, and lusting after women; on the other hand, he is loyal, brave, kind, brave in fighting, and able to correct his mistakes when he knows them. , honest and honest.
Sha Seng: Follow Tang Seng wholeheartedly. He is upright and selfless, works hard and does not complain. He abides by the Buddhist precepts, is down-to-earth, and abides by his duty.
5. Reading experience
It is never easy to accomplish any big thing. If you want to succeed, you must put in hard work and dedication. People must go through hardships to ultimately achieve happiness and success.
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How to improve Chinese language scores in the high school entrance examination
Repeatedly practice classical Chinese reading
Some people may be troubled by classical Chinese. Section, but you must know that the high school entrance examination is not so selective. The teacher will not deliberately give some weird questions to embarrass the candidates. The content words and function words in classical Chinese must have appeared in the textbooks, and the meaning and usage of the test must also be Commonly used. For some multiple-choice questions, you only need to enter the options one by one, and then check the smoothness of the sentences and logic. Therefore, daily review should focus on the review of classical Chinese in the textbook, and when doing questions, you must also make judgments based on the textbook. Secondly, classical Chinese generally examines biographical articles, which are highly story-telling. We can infer the meaning and usage of words based on the context of the article. 2. Read more useful books
If junior high school students want to improve their Chinese scores, they must read a lot of books. Read a lot of books and read more useful good books. Reading must be strengthened and persevered to cultivate and improve our reading speed, inductive analysis, understanding and memory abilities. The attitude should be correct, listen attentively in class, and review the past and learn new things after class. 3 The accumulation of idioms must be in-depth
Idioms are an important part of the junior high school Chinese exam. It is not only the basic part of the Chinese language, but also involves the appreciation of ancient poems and articles, reading comprehension and article writing. According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 30,000 Chinese idioms, and behind each one is a historical allusion. When children accumulate idioms, they should also pay attention to in-depth exploration of the connotations behind them. 4 Methods to Improve Reading Comprehension
Reading training requires overall perception, clear test points, grasp the key points, pay attention to expression, and value innovation. During the reading process, it is necessary to strengthen the overall reading of text materials, understand what is written in the article, how to write it, why it is written in this way, and complete partial analysis on the premise of overall understanding. You must be able to analyze the test points based on the stylistic characteristics of the reading materials, and analyze them in conjunction with the specific context through your own understanding and experience. When answering questions, you should answer the questions in a precise manner and do not miss the key points. Express your own experience and understanding in concise, accurate, complete and fluent language. 2022 Chinese High School Entrance Exam Must-Test Knowledge Points 2
1. Shocking sadness: I feel sad when I see the decline of my family.
2. Feeling depressed: The accumulation of feelings cannot be vented in the heart.
3. Off the beaten track: few people come. Rare, rare.
4. The sound of people is loud: the meaning of the sound of people is noisy.
5. Blossoming: a metaphor for graceful posture.
6. Never rest in peace: never give up until the goal is achieved.
7. Fleeting: Describes how time passes quickly.
8. Can’t help laughing: Can’t help laughing.
9. Be on guard: always alert to the enemy and ready for battle.
10. Insignificant: not worth mentioning.
11. Help each other: It is a metaphor for helping each other when we are in trouble.
12. Choosing the easy and fearing the hard: When accepting a job, choose the easy and be afraid of the heavy.
13. Strive for excellence: If you are good, you still need to ask for better. Benefit, more.
8. Change your mind when you see something different: change your original mind when you see something else. It means not being able to work with peace of mind and having a weak sense of professionalism.
9. Disappear: disappear the sound, hide the trace.
10. Submissive: described as very docile and submissive.
11. Illiterate: describes a person who is illiterate.
12. Learned scholar: refers to a person with rich knowledge.
13. Too numerous to mention: There are too many examples to list them all. To win, to be able to bear or withstand.
14. Refined and popular appreciation: People with high education and people with low education can appreciate it.
15. Nonsense: Groundless statement. Ji, check.
16. Breathtaking: Praise that the things you see are extremely good.
17. Having both sides: It is a metaphor for being able to do things easily and everything goes smoothly.
2022 Chinese High School Entrance Examination Must-Test Knowledge Points 3
The content of the Chinese High School Entrance Examination syllabus has been slightly adjusted and changed. For example, in Article 6 of "Accumulation and Application" of "Exam Content", "Understanding the Text Related knowledge of important writers’ works.” This is a requirement of the "Chinese Curriculum Standards" in the course content for grades seven to nine. It is a consideration of students' accumulation of Chinese knowledge. The difficulty is limited to "understanding". Therefore, it is very necessary to understand some common knowledge about literature that must be tested in junior high school Chinese in preparation for the exam, especially the introduction of the author who must be tested in junior high school Chinese. It never hurts to know more about it.
1. Lu Xun (1881-1936)
His original name was Zhou Shuren, his courtesy name was Hencai, and he was a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang. He is a great modern Chinese writer, thinker, and revolutionary, and the founder of China's proletarian modern culture. In May 1918, he published "Diary of a Madman" in "New Youth", famous short stories "Scream", "Wandering", essay collection "Morning Flowers Picked at Dusk", essay collection "Weeds", essay collection "Just Collection", " "Two Hearts Collection", "Three Idle Collections", etc. "Morning Blossoms Plucked at Dusk" is a collection of essays written by Lu Xun in February 1926, consisting of ten articles. "Hometown" is selected from the novel collection "The Scream", the text "From Baicao Garden to Sanwei Bookstore" is selected from "Morning Blossoms Gathered at Dusk", the text "Snow" is selected from "Weeds" (Volume 2 of "The Complete Works of Lu Xun"), "The True Story of Ah Q" is a masterpiece in the history of modern literature.
2. Hu Shi (1891-1962)
His original name was Hu Hongying, and his courtesy name was Shizhi. He was a native of Jixi, Anhui, and was a modern writer, scholar, and educator. He is one of the founders of modern Chinese culture. He is the author of "Chun of Hu Shi", "Outline of the History of Chinese Philosophy", "History of Vernacular Literature", "Collected Works of Hu Shi", "Collected Works of Hu Shi", etc.
3. Guo Moruo (1892-1978)
His original name was Guo Kaizhen, and Moruo was his pen name. A native of Leshan, Sichuan. Modern poet, playwright, historian, archaeologist, paleontologist, and social activist. His major literary works include poetry collections "Goddess", "Starry Sky", "Cai Wenji", etc. "The Market in the Sky" and "Jingye" are selected from "Selected Works of Guo Moruo".
4. Ba Jin
Born in 1904, his original name was Li Yaotang and his courtesy name was Fu Gan. He was a native of Chengdu, Sichuan. His main representative works include the novel "Destruction" and the torrent trilogy "Home", "Spring" and "Autumn", and the love trilogy "Fog", "Rain" and "Electricity". There are also short, medium and full-length novels. "Two Essays" are selected from "Dragon. Tiger. Dog".
5. Liu Zongyuan (773-819)
A writer and philosopher of the Tang Dynasty, one of the eight great writers of the Tang and Song Dynasties. Zihou. His ancestral home was Hedong (now Yongji, Shanxi). He later moved to Chang'an (now Xi'an, Shaanxi), and was known as Liuhedong in the world. Because he died as the governor of Liuzhou, he was also called Liuliuzhou. Together with Han Yu, he initiated the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty and was also known as Han Liu. Liu Zongyuan left more than 800 poems and essays in his lifetime, and his achievements in writing were greater than those in poetry. His "Climbing the Tower of Liuzhou and sending a message to Zhangting to seal the four states" is a famous seven-rhythm poem in the Tang Dynasty, and the quatrain "Jiang Xue" is also a rare work among the quatrains of the Tang Dynasty. "The Story of Xiaoshitan" is selected from "Liuhedong Collection".
6. Su Shi
Chinese writer, calligrapher and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty. His courtesy name is Zizhan and his nickname is Dongpo Jushi. A native of Meizhou (now Meizhou City, Sichuan Province) in the Song Dynasty. His father Su Xun and his younger brother Su Che are both famous ancient writers. It is known as "Sansu" in the world. His famous works include "Nian Nujiao", "Shui Diao Ge Tou", etc. He is also known as "Su Xin" together with Xin Qiji. The author of "Jiangchengzi. Hunting in Mizhou" is Su Shi, also known as Zizhan and Dongpo Jushi. He was a native of Meizhou and was the most famous writer, calligrapher and painter in the Northern Song Dynasty.
7. Stefan Zweig (1881-1942)
A famous Austrian writer and critic, his works are good at characterization and passionate description of personal experiences and souls under strange fate. He has won the Nobel Prize for Literature and is recognized as one of the most outstanding short story writers in the world. His representative works include "The Secret of Success", "Twenty-Four Hours in a Woman's Life", "Three Writers", etc. "Leo Tolstoy" is selected from "Three Writers".
8. "The Book of Songs"
A collection of poems. The 305 poems it has preserved were produced approximately between the 11th century BC (early Western Zhou Dynasty) and the 7th century BC (mid-Spring and Autumn Period). They were originally all music songs, arranged according to different music, and divided into three categories: Feng, Ya and Song. The composition has the characteristics of repeating chapters and repeated sentences, and sighing after a showdown. The techniques of fu, comparison and xing are generally used.
9. "Warring States Policy"
It is a pre-Qin historical document, miscellaneous records of the Eastern and Western Zhou Dynasties and the states of Qin, Qi, Chu, Zhao, Wei, Yan, Song, Wei, and Zhongshan thing. It lasted for about 240 years (from 460 BC to 220 BC) from the Spring and Autumn Period to the Qin Dynasty and the six kingdoms. This book also has titles such as "State Affairs", "National Policy", "Shi Yu", "Phrases", "Long Book" and "Revised Book". The original author's name cannot be verified. Later, it was compiled by Liu Xiang of the Han Dynasty and named "Warring States Policy" and is still in use today. "Zou Ji satirizes Qi Wu and accepts admonitions" is selected from "Warring States Policy". The "sarcasm" here means sarcasm, and "accepting admonitions" uses a hint to persuade, which means acceptance. "Tang Ju fulfills his mission" is selected from "Warring States Policy".
10. "On the Battle of Cao GUI"
Selected from "Zuo Zhuan", which is said to be a chronicle history book compiled by Zuo Qiuming during the Spring and Autumn Period based on historical materials of the State of Lu.
11. Alphonse Daudet
French novelist. "The Last Lesson" (short story)
12. "The Foolish Old Man Moves the Mountains"
From the perspective of literary genre, it is a fable, selected from "Liezi. Tang Wen". There is a story related to The character compared to Yu Gong is called Zhisou, which is an ironic name. The book "Lieh Zi" is said to have been written by Lie Yukou during the Warring States Period. 4 knowledge points that must be tested in the 2022 Chinese language high school entrance examination
1. Test content:
① The pronunciation of new characters; ② One character has multiple sounds; ③ Easy to pronounce and mispronounce; ④ Similar characters; ⑤ Pinyin rule. ——Mainly items ②③.
2. Words that are easily mispronounced:
1. Mispronounced due to habit
For example, "福(fú)合" is often mispronounced ( fǔ), "file (dàng) case" is often mispronounced (dǎng), and "rough (guǎng)" is often mispronounced (kuàng). How to avoid this misreading? ① Word replacement recognition. For example, "symbol" only has the sound (fú), so you can be sure that "match" also reads (fú). ②Homophone memory. For example, when reading the word "load", imagine it in your mind as "zài" (zài). ③Determine based on the voice side. For example, the pronunciation of "Guang" next to the word "rude" in "rude" is the same as the pronunciation of "rude"...
"Chinese Curriculum Standards" require grammatical knowledge: understand basic grammar Knowledge is used to help understand language difficulties in the text. At the same time, it is emphasized that systematic and concentrated teaching of grammar knowledge is not carried out.
From the high school examination paper, you can clearly see the content of grammatical knowledge. There are several specific inspection forms as follows.
1. Sorting
1. The correct order of the following sentences is () (Jiangxi)
①The ETFE membrane used in "Water Cube", It is only a piece of kraft paper thick and feels as light as a feather in your hand.
②In addition, its fire resistance and heat resistance are also excellent.
③ However, this kind of membrane has very strong pressure resistance. Under normal conditions, the membrane will not be crushed when a car drives past.
④The National Aquatics Center "Water Cube" is the only large-scale public building in the world that is completely enclosed by a membrane structure.
⑤The ductility of the ETFE film is also very good. It can be stretched to three to four times its own size without breaking...
1. Sorting question requirements In addition to paying attention to the integrity and coherence principles of language expression, we must also look for entry points to solve problems from multiple angles. When sorting sentences, you should pay attention to the following issues:
① Figure out the overall meaning of the paragraph, and clarify the information provided by the option content and the gist of the expressed content.
②Analyze the contextual connection between the content of the selected paragraph and the overall paragraph.
③ Carry out comparative analysis and eliminate interference options.
④Read the passage thoroughly to see if the cohesion of the entire passage is compact and reasonable...
Key points of the classical Chinese examination:
1. Understand classical Chinese words Ability
2. Examine the translation of classical Chinese
For example: "Zhou Ji satirizes the King of Qi for accepting advice", "The ladies of the palace are all selfish of the king"; "This is the so-called victory over the court."
3. Accurately understand the basic content of the article
For example: "Reading the Biography of Lord Mengchang"
It is said that Lord Mengchang was able to win scholars, and the scholars returned to him for this reason; And the soldiers relied on their strength to escape from the tiger and leopard Qin.
Alas! Mengchangjun's crowing of cocks and roosters, as well as the ears of dogs and thieves, are not enough to win scholars? Otherwise, if someone is good at Qi and is strong enough to gain a few soldiers, he should be able to conquer Qin from the south. How can he use the power of roosters, dogs, and thieves? The man's cock crows and the dog robbers come out of the door. The reason why this man does not come...