—— A prospective study of composition training in college entrance examination in 2011year.
Jiao Wenlin, a member of the expert group on the reform of new curriculum standards in Henan Province, is a special-grade teacher.
The new green of Fanglin urges the old leaves, and the running water makes way for the waves. With the change of social life and the advancement of the new curriculum reform, the composition proposition of the college entrance examination constantly presents a new look. Therefore, students who take part in the 20 1 1 college entrance examination must scientifically arrange the content and form of composition training on the premise of grasping the composition trend of the college entrance examination, so as to get twice the result with half the effort.
First, diversification of content, close to life is the direction.
20 1 1 The composition proposition of the college entrance examination will fully embody the principle of "the academic examination proposition should be strictly based on the subject curriculum standards, and the connection between the examination questions and social reality and students' experience should be strengthened", and the spirit of "writing teaching should be close to students' reality, make students easy to write and be willing to express, and guide students to pay attention to reality, love life and express their true feelings" should be implemented. It can be predicted that the composition content of 20 1 1 college entrance examination will continue to reflect the following hot spots:
Hot spot one: growth? Heart summer. "Ten years of trees, a hundred years of tree people." China's cultural tradition has always attached importance to the cultivation of talents. The growth of talents and people is a major event related to the future and destiny of the Chinese nation. The core issue of education is the cultivation of people. Therefore, the college entrance examination composition always takes the growth and mind of teenagers as the first direction of composition content.
(1) This topic includes: ① Successful social environment: material conditions, talent status, and cherishing talents; 2 family? Educational philosophy: cultivate self-reliance, educate the rich and the poor, and oppose doting; 3 school? Methods of cultivating talents: reforming teaching methods, inspiring teaching and respecting individuality; 4 yourself? Psychology of success: positive, healthy, optimistic, broad-minded and tolerant.
(2) preparation tips: "growth? The preparation of the composition of Mind can focus on two aspects: First, the accumulation of materials. We can collect relevant materials in real life according to the four aspects provided here, such as the growth of people who moved China on 20 10. After collecting materials, we can think and process, and add color to our articles with fresh materials in the examination room; The second is to examine your own experience and review your growth process and psychology. We may pass some "crossroads" that are very important for our growth, where we have been confused, wandering and lost. Who brushed away the fog in our hearts and pointed out the correct way forward? Write down this growth experience and impress the marking teacher with true feelings.
Hot spot 2: personality? Emotion. The composition proposition of college entrance examination always pays attention to the personality spirit of young people, and integrates positive personality connotation into the soul of young people through the composition proposition. 20 1 1 In the composition of the college entrance examination, the excellent personality spirits such as optimism, self-improvement, perseverance, seeking truth from facts, initiative and conscientious will still be favored by the proposer. Emotion (affection, friendship, gratitude consciousness) will also be an important part of the college entrance examination composition.
(1) This topic includes: ① Responsibility: courage, responsibility, self-improvement and loyalty; Tolerance and reason: calmness, tolerance, respect and self-cultivation; Appreciate opponents: modesty, honesty, gratitude and charity; ④ Emotional pulse: happiness, pity, concern and missing.
(2) preparation tips: "personality? Three aspects should be paid attention to in preparing for emotional composition. First, temper your character and improve your self-cultivation. Cultivate self-confidence, strength, optimism, enterprising, fraternity and tolerance, and cultivate noble sentiments. The second is to examine intelligence. Affection, friendship, teacher-student relationship are all reflected in small things in daily life, and even an action, a smile and a look are all reflected in words and manners ... Candidates should be good at observing, receiving, cherishing, remembering and rewarding. The third is to learn some skills of expressing feelings: describing details and highlighting emotions. Absorb the most touching details and humanities in life, expound the character characteristics of characters, close-up their actions, set up their life props, and pursue the artistic effect of "expressing feelings in an instant and conveying the spirit with one eye". Render the chlorine circumference and set off the mood. At the beginning of the narrative, the emotional treatment of small things in daily life will render a rich emotional atmosphere and pursue shocking artistic effects.
Hot spot 3: hometown? Very natural. "He knows that the dew will frost tonight, and how bright the moonlight is at home! "The landscape, vegetation and relatives in my hometown have nurtured us and given us simple souls. No matter where we are, when we look back at our hometown, we will know that we will never leave the care of our hometown. However, no matter our hometown or other places, we cannot escape the crazy pace of modernization and urbanization. The green hills are gloomy, the green waters are turbid, the vegetation is withered ... where can we cool the hot soul? Being close to nature and living in harmony has increasingly become people's strong desire. So the college entrance examination composition is "hometown? Nature is the scope of the proposition, which is logical.
(1) This topic includes: ① Looking back at hometown: the grass, relatives and customs of hometown; 2 appreciate the landscape: green, autumn rhyme, Yuan Ye, wind and rain; Appreciate life: starry sky, sea, pine trees, notice; Respect for nature: conform to the law, live in harmony, protect the environment and be kind to resources.
(2) preparation tips: "hometown? Three aspects should be paid attention to in preparing for natural composition: first, be close to nature, love nature and observe nature. Flowers, birds, insects and fish in nature can be described by poets, but only if we have a detailed observation and understanding of their appearance characteristics, physiological habits and body structure. The second is good at innovation. For example, the innovation of perspective, others write about natural phenomena in the third person, we can try the first person, such as writing about river pollution from the perspective of fish, writing about deforestation from the perspective of birds and so on. Third, the sentiment should be profound. When you write about natural things, you can experience the world of life from its living habits. The ancients attached importance to "bamboo" because they realized excellent personality spirits such as "chastity, firmness, modesty, openness and straightness".
Hot spot 4: Dream? Philosophy. Dreams are the flowers of life. The higher the flowers bloom, the more vigorous the vitality. Philosophy is the pointer of life, guiding the ship of life to the golden dock. Looking at the college entrance examination essay questions in recent years, "Dream? Philosophy "has always been a hot topic, because it meets the psychological and development needs of middle school students and will be reflected in the composition of 20 1 1 college entrance examination.
(1) This topic includes: ① dreams and pursuits: colorful dreams, dream distance, ideal and reality, ideal and society; Philosophy and growth: self and others, failure and success, frustration and life, criticism and progress.
(2) preparation tips: "dream? The following points should be paid attention to in preparing for the philosophical composition: 1. Establish lofty ideals of life, and combine personal ideals with the development and needs of society and the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. The second is to form the habit of looking at and analyzing things from many aspects, such as "frustration", which not only shows its bad influence on our life and study, but also shows its tempering and sublimation of our spirit and will. Third, be good at choosing the reserved materials and the writing style suitable for Taiwan Province. Second, materials and propositions have become the mainstream, and integration and innovation are the trends.
Judging from the development trend of college entrance examination composition, the composition form of 20 1 1 college entrance examination will still maintain the coexistence of new material composition, propositional composition and various propositional forms. New material composition, propositional composition, picture composition, topic composition and semi-propositional composition may all appear in the composition questions of the college entrance examination on 20 1 1.
The innovation and integration of life embryo form is also a major feature of college entrance examination composition: first, the innovation of test questions, such as the popular semi-propositional composition form in recent years; Second, the material is innovative and diversified, such as news, stories, pictures, aphorisms, tables and so on. The third is the integration of forms, such as "material+topic", "material+title", "picture+topic" and "picture saliva+title".
It can be predicted that the following propositional methods will be the hot spots of 20 1 1 college entrance examination composition:
Hot spot 1: new material composition. The new material composition, like the traditional material composition, requires candidates to read the material first and then write. However, allowing candidates to choose their own ideas is one of the hot topics in college entrance examination composition, which is not uniform in style and reflects greater openness and selectivity.
Tips for preparing for the exam: whether the new material composition can be written well is the key. Two skills should be trained in conception: one is to observe the whole and grasp the main idea. Some essay questions give two paragraphs of materials, and the events may be different, but they must be internally related, with the same connotation, relevance or relative opposition. Some materials include two levels, and the relationship between them is analogy and metaphor. Some materials are long, and opinions are scattered in the materials. All these need to focus on the whole and grasp the main idea of the material. The second is to grasp the key points. The key words of the composition material are the key words that reveal the center of the material and contain the range of ideas set by the proposer. Attention should be paid to: figurative sentences, argumentative sentences, opening sentences and ending sentences in narrative materials. Opinion sentences of argument materials. The closing sentence of lyric materials. There are two main ways to write new material composition: one is the starting point is the material, and the other is the end point is life.
Hot spot 2: Material proposition composition. The basic form of this proposition is "material+topic", which has three characteristics: constraint, comparability and imagination. It is a popular form of college entrance examination composition proposition in recent years.
Note: giving a title to the material-based proposition composition is an effective constraint on the candidates' writing. How to break through the restrictions and open up new ideas is the key to successful writing. ① Horizontal expansion. Narrative and expository texts combine different scenes in a "lens-like way", portray people from different angles through the description of people in different places and occasions, or express a theme through the description of events in different times and places. Argumentative writing decomposes the central argument into several sub-arguments, explaining things from different angles, or proving the same ten-central argument through events with the same essence in different time and space. ② Vertical expansion. Narrative, taking time as the chain, describes people and things; Or beads, string all the materials together with red lines. Argumentative writing adopts the method of analyzing things layer by layer, from phenomenon to essence, from result to cause. ③ Reverse expansion. Narrative, writing a character's different words and deeds, enriching the character's connotation, or revealing the contradiction of the character's personality. The newly edited article of the story is completely opposite to the original story, and it is also a special reverse development. Argumentative discourse expands from positive discourse to negative discourse, showing a comparative structure; Or reverse thinking and put forward reasonable new ideas.
Hot spot 3: topic composition. Topic composition provides candidates with a broad "topic", so that candidates can give full play to their strengths and write innovative articles within the scope of this topic. Because of its innovation and selectivity, it is favored by college entrance examination proposers.
Tips for preparing for the exam: Topical composition writing skills: ① Intention, pursuit of "accuracy" and "depth". "Accurate" refers to a correct understanding of the content range covered by the topic and the meaning of the title word; "Profound" means that you can combine the reality and have a deep understanding of the connotation of the topic. One is to interpret the topic connotation according to the meaning recognized by dictionaries or the meaning established by society. The second is to accurately grasp the metaphorical meaning of the topic. The topic of composition is figurative, and the primary task of examining the topic is to explore the figurative meaning of the topic and then make it clear. For example, the topic "Spring is coming, the grass grows green", and "Spring" is a metaphor of hope and opportunity; "Grass" is a metaphor for the disadvantaged groups and the development cause; "Green" describes a result and is a metaphor for success or achieving a goal. ② Selecting materials and pursuing "novelty ... richness". Novelty ",one is to choose materials close to life, and select new things that have just happened, such as people who moved China, sports stars, major international and domestic events, etc. The second is to choose materials that others have never used or often used; The third is to examine common materials from a new perspective. "Rich", the narrative should have enough events and sufficient details to support the characters; In argumentative writing, substantive arguments are introduced by means of parallelism and quotation. (3) When writing, pay attention to the "relationship" analysis. A topic is a topic composition composed of two or more concepts. When writing, we should consider the relationship between the two concepts, not just one aspect. For example, when writing the composition topic of "individual and collective", different candidates will have different emphases on the two concepts of "individual …" and "collective". But the article must involve the relationship between the two, so as to meet the requirements of writing.
Hot spot 4: F diagram composition. Generally, displaying a cartoon (or several cartoons) in the picture composition requires candidates to elaborate the contents of the cartoon, explore the implication of the cartoon, discuss with life, and evaluate the life phenomenon reflected by the cartoon or the artistic characteristics of the cartoon itself, which is intuitive, imaginative and profound.
Tips for preparing for the exam: ① Multi-perspective perception. Starting from the whole, observe the overall combination of the picture, grasp the intention of the proposer, and describe the painter's thoughts. Only by observing the key parts of the painting from the parts can we think about the main idea of the painting. Starting from the title, the title often summarizes the main content of the picture, reveals the main idea, and thus outlines the outline. 2 affectionate. Feel the feelings. From the words and deeds of the characters, we can observe rich emotions. Understand the truth. Start from the whole story and realize the truth of life. Inspire interest. For example, the interest of mountains and rivers, the interest of art and so on. (3) The argument is strong. Comparative argument. Use materials and humanities with comparative factors to discuss their own views in comparison. Metaphorical argument. Introduce metaphors into the article to demonstrate your point of view. Prove with examples. Draw ideas from pictures, quote corresponding examples from life, and prove the correctness of your point of view.
Hot spot 5: Semi-propositional composition based on materials. The basic form of this proposition is "material+semi-proposition", which has the characteristics of strong inspiration and great freedom and conforms to the spirit of curriculum reform.
Tips for preparing for the exam: three points should be paid attention to in writing semi-propositional compositions based on materials: First, make full use of the tips of materials. The second is to mobilize Lenovo's innovative ideas. The third is to contact the experience of daily life and choose living and emotional materials and humanities.