Ge Ye
Although the daylight in winter is shorter on the elemental scale, it is cold and snowy at the end of the world.
Stark sounded the fifth watch, drums and horns rang, and stars and Tianhe danced on three mountains.
Wild cries and smells of war, I saw savage fishermen and woodcutters at dawn.
Sleeping dragons and galloping horses are not generals now. They are dust. Be quiet for a while. Oh, the noise of the world. ..
Notes on the title or background of a book.
This seven-character poem was written by Du Fu when he lived in Xige, Kuizhou in the winter of the first year of Dali (766). It is a true portrayal of the poet's feelings about time, sadness, nostalgia and homesickness. At that time, Guo Yingai, Yang Zilin and other warlords fought in Shu for years, and Tubo invaded Shu continuously. In addition, Du Fu's good friends Zheng Qian, Su Yuanming, Li Bai, Yanwu and Gao Shi died one after another, and Du Fu was deeply lonely and sad. The poet lives in a secluded mountain city. Facing the magnificent night view of Xiajiang River and hearing the tragic sound of drums and horns, he was filled with emotion. He thought of the domestic war from the scene in front of him and his own situation from historical figures, trying to transcend the sad reality in his heart. Although there is sadness in the poem, there are also strong feelings and detachment. "Pavilion night" is the night of Xige.
Sentence solution
Although the daylight in winter is shorter on the elemental scale, it is cold and snowy at the end of the world.
In winter, the days are getting shorter and shorter; On this cold night when the frost and snow are beginning to disperse, I wander around the world. The first couplet begins with running water, indicating time and environment. "The end of the year" refers to winter. "Yin and Yang" refers to the sun and the moon. The scenery is short, and the days are short and the nights are long in winter, so the deep meaning here is short time. The verb "urge" vividly describes the passage of time, which makes people feel that time flies and the years are urging each other. "Tianya", here refers to Kuizhou, also refers to being demoted to Tianya. The frost and snow stopped and dissipated. "Cold Night" Winter Night. In this cold winter night when the frost and snow rest, the lonely poet can't help but feel deeply about this bleak and cold scene. This combination of real life and deep affection has laid a painful style for the whole poem.
Stark sounded the fifth watch, drums and horns rang, and stars and Tianhe danced on three mountains.
The sound of drums and horns from the fifth watch is tragic; The Three Gorges reflected the Milky Way Star and rippled with the river waves. Zhuan Xu inherited Cold Night and wrote what he saw and heard at night. "Drum horn" is the drum sound and horn used by the ancient army to tell the time and give orders. At that time, although the Anshi Rebellion had been put down for several years, there were wars everywhere. In ancient times, the night was divided into five watches, and the "five watches" were close to dawn. At this time, people are awake, and the sound of drums and horns is more tragic and moving. This highlights the atmosphere of non-stop troops, turbulent situation and frequent wars from the side. Although the Milky Way in the sky is spectacular, when it is reflected in the Xiajiang River, it shows a broken and swaying scene because of the rushing river, which seems to be somewhat similar to the poet's stormy life and the chaos of the current situation. These two sentences are desolate and vigorous in tone, forceful and beautiful in wording. In addition to the "great beauty" mentioned in Dongpo Zhi Lin, they also contain the poet's tragic and deep feelings. As Liu Chenweng said, "The third and fourth sentences are infinitely sad."
Ye Mengde's Shi Lin Shi Hua commented: "Seven words are hard to be vigorous and powerful, but each sentence is powerful, but the implication is not lost. Because of Lao Du's sentences of "beautiful spring, flowing water, floating between heaven and earth, like a jade peak and a cloud, from ancient times to the present" and "Stark sings the fifth watch, the drum is ringing, and the Three Gorges Galaxy", they often hate those who have no successors. "
Wild cries and smells of war, I saw savage fishermen and woodcutters at dawn.
In the cry of many families in the wilderness, the news of war came; The exotic songs sung by fishermen in only a few places still reveal a little voice of life. The couplets on the neck describe what they heard before dawn, and truly describe the remote and desolate scene of Kuizhou. "Wild Cry" and "Exotic Songs" are both contemporary and local. For this poet who cares about the country and the people, these two voices make him feel sad. A few, a thousand. "Crushing war" refers to the scuffle between warlords such as Guo Yingai and Yang Zilin from the first year of Yongtai in Shu. "Yi Song" refers to the ballads of ethnic minorities in Sichuan.
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Sleeping dragons and galloping horses are not generals now. They are dust. Be quiet for a while. Oh, the noise of the world. ..
Like Gongsun Shu, Zhuge Liang eventually became loess; Personnel changes, music books cut off, people feel lonely and bored, but what is this? Man, whatever. "Wolong" means Zhuge Liang. "The prancing horse" refers to Gongsun Shu. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Gongsun Shu took advantage of chaos to occupy Shu, calling himself the White Emperor. Here, Zhuge Liang and Gongsun Shu are both active in Kuizhou, which has the meaning of "Gongsun leaps to be the emperor" in Zuo Si Shu. The couplet seems to be self-indulgent, but in fact it has the poet's in-depth thinking, just like Lu Shi? It is said: "When you read between the lines, you have infinite thoughts when you are sad." The poet doesn't just describe the wars he has written many times in general, but puts the current turmoil in a deeper and broader historical background to think about. Throughout the ages, no matter how virtuous and loyal you are, you will eventually return to the loess; No matter how long the war lasts, it will end; No matter how much life is destroyed, it will always continue. As the poem says, although there is "wild crying", we also smell "foreign songs".
Comments and explanations
The first four sentences of this poem are about the scene of pavilion night, and the last four sentences are about the affair of pavilion night. The analysis of "Tang Poetry Pronunciation" said: "The whole poem is tragic and generous, and there are all improper things. Both China and the United States will have a bright future, and the first one will be vigorous, surging and stand out from the crowd. The joys and sorrows of the second couplet are all prospects, but people are not. The knot masturbates loyalty and rebellion, but the syllable is still graceful. "
The whole poem is intense and sad, and the weather is magnificent. Around the theme, the poet described what he saw, heard and felt in Xiting from several important aspects, from the snowy night to the drum horn of Wugeng, from the Milky Way in the sky to the Hongbo on the river, from the scenic spots of mountains and rivers to the personnel of war, from the present reality to the Millennium full of heaven and earth, and expressed his generosity in ancient and modern times. Hu Yinglin's poems in Ming Dynasty praised this poem as "the weather dominates the universe, and the laws are subtle", and called it "the master of Lao Du's seven-character method" and "the ancestor of the seven-character method". Du Shijie praised this poem as "gloomy and pithy, and repeated chanting makes people feel excited a hundred times".