I. Examination Questions (Beijing Volume)
12. Read the following words and complete questions ①-③. (10)
Xijiangyue Huangling Temple (also known as Under the Three Winds)
Zhang Xiaoxiang
Full of autumn colors, driving on the wide and open river. Boshen asked me to watch the sunset. Release scales and waves.
If the wind blows tomorrow, the weather will be better, so why not camp outside tonight? Clothing is played in the Crystal Palace. Quasi-quasi Yueyang Tower.
(1) One of the following incorrect understandings of sentences in words is (2 points).
A The first and second phases represent the sailing season and describe the scenery on Dongting Lake before the storm.
B three or four sentences are subjective, and "small waves" actually refer to rolling waves.
C five or six statements can be made as long as the wind changes, sail before the wind. What does it matter if you spend the night outside tonight?
The author is looking forward to hearing the music "Nishang" coming from underwater on Yueyang Tower.
(2) The style of this word is closer to that of two poets in Song Dynasty? What genre does this style of poet belong to? (3 points)
(3) In this word, what kind of mentality does the author treat storms and obstacles? Give two specific descriptions and make a brief analysis. (5 points)
Reference answer
①(2 points) d
②(3 points) Su Shi Xin Qiji's unrestrained school.
③(5 points) The first question: Broad-minded and heroic mind.
The second question: ellipsis.
Enjoy 1
Song Xiaozong Trunk Road (1 168) In autumn and August of four years, Zhang Xiaoxiang left Changsha, Hunan Province and arrived in Jingzhou, Hubei Province (now Jiangling) to take up his post.
He wrote this on his way to the post office. The first inscription is "Under the Three Peaks Against the Wind". The words are also slightly different. In a letter to his friend Huang, he said, "Someone has left Changsha for more than ten days and is still under the Huangling Temple. Chen Bo Fengbo is also good at drama. " Huangling Temple is located in Huangling Mountain in the north of Xiangyin County, Hunan Province. According to legend, there are two concubines and temples of Shun, so it is called Huangling Temple. It can be seen that Xiao Xiang was blocked by the wind and waves on his way to his post. However, his original intention was not to describe the surging waves ahead, but to focus on the "drama" of Apollo Minister Fengbo. Therefore, the poet poured a strong color of subjective imagination.
"Full of a boat full of bright moon, a thousand miles of Qiu Jiang will be paved." Write two sentences about the scenery on the boat-Pan Xiangjiang. Just write "a boat full of bright moon" and "a thousand Li Qiu Jiang". I will count other beautiful and comforting things. Let's turn to the evening to stop the amorous feelings. The phrase "Boshen asked me to watch the sunset and stir up waves" has entered a realm of subjective illusion from self-imagination. The poet didn't say that his boat was blocked by the strong wind and couldn't sail. On the contrary, he expressed his illusory image, and the water god warmly invited him to enjoy the beautiful sunset scenery. The water reflected by the sunset glow rippled like fish scales. This romantic technique depicts reality and imagination, illusion psychology and temporal and spatial changes in a very harmonious way in a picture, which makes people feel unreal and true, thus enhancing the artistic charm of ci.
The next one is to borrow scenery to express emotion. "The wind will be better tomorrow, so why not spend the night outside today?" Faced with the situation that the wind stops and the ship stops, the poet's mood at the moment is like Su Shi's poem "Dingfengbo": "Who is afraid?" Life in misty rain is so poised. But deep down, he longed for the wind to change. If the wind turns downwind tomorrow, it will be pleasant to sleep on the river today.
The ending ends with two sentences: "The play is in the Crystal Palace, and the Yueyang Tower is allowed", which is unique. "Nishang", namely "colorful clothes", is a popular dance music in the Tang Dynasty. Yueyang Tower is located in the west of Yueyang City, Hunan Province, facing Dongting Lake. The previous sentence here is about the sound of the waves in the river, just like the Shuifu is playing beautiful music. This vivid metaphor shows the poet's unique imagination. The last sentence is to express his inner desire. When the boat arrives in Yueyang, he must go upstairs to see the magnificent natural scenery of Dongting Lake.
Zhang Xiaoxiang's life was full of talents. If you are in Niannujiao? The heroic momentum of the poem "Crossing Dongting" made Wei Liao Weng in the Southern Song Dynasty fall for it, praising the poem as "the best at concentration" (see Volume II of Heshan Inscription and Postscript). Then the strong subjective feelings and fantastic artistic imagination in this poem also reveal his outstanding talent and unique writing style.
Appreciate II
Zhang Xiaoxiang spent three years in Tan Zhifu (now Changsha City, Hunan Province) on Song Xiaozong Main Road (1 167). After that, I left Hunan and took a boat to the north, passing through Huangling Mountain near Dongting Lake. He wrote this word when he was blocked by the wind. The title of sixty nouns in Song Dynasty is Huangling Temple, and some sentences are slightly different.
The first part describes what I saw and felt when my ship was blocked by strong wind and anchored at the bottom of Zhoushan.
"A boat full of autumn colors, covered with ten miles of lake light." The first two sentences are about the scenery before the wind rises. Autumn colors on a boat is the author's emotional work, which outlines the characteristics of seasons and makes people daydream. It is conceivable that at this time, the surrounding mountains are lush and green, everything is full of vitality, flowers are gorgeous and fruits are numerous; "Ten Miles of Lake Light" is about the vastness and magnanimity of the lake. These two sentences are antithetical, and the lakes and mountains are painted together with "full load" and "tiled". The previous sentence said that the beautiful autumn scenery has a panoramic view; When there is no wind, the lake is calm. From a distance, it seems to be "tiled" there. The mountains and rivers complement each other, and the people on board are relaxed and happy. These two sentences are purely about scenery, and the author's happiness is in them, which is the so-called love in the scenery.
The word "wave god" means that the water god deliberately refuses to let me see the beautiful sunset and ripples like fish scales. This is about the sudden change of the weather, the scenery on the lake at the beginning of the breeze, and it is also a precursor to the weather change. Experienced boatmen are bound to anchor and take emergency measures, because the sun is shining, and after the "small waves", it will be the bad weather described by Fan Zhongyan in Yueyang Tower. These two sentences humorously wrote that the ship was blocked by the strong wind and forced to dock, which reflected the author's very relaxed mood at this time. Use "sunset" to point out that it is evening, "fine waves" to explain the weather changes, and the wind is a wonderful pen.
The following film describes the author's psychological activities after stopping the ship. "The wind will be better tomorrow", writing his feelings of expecting the wind to turn, the weather to improve and boarding the ship in time. "What's wrong with sleeping outside tonight?" "Why not?" And "What does it matter?" In fact, they are all helpless words, but they also show his broad-mindedness of "sleeping out" when he has to. Clothes in the Crystal Palace and Crystal Palace are commonly known as Dragon Palace. "Nishang", that is, "gorgeous feather clothes", is the name of a large dance music. When the author heard the sound of the waves, his strange imagination came to life. He compared the underwater sound to the music of the Dragon Palace. Since the Dragon Palace is playing a celebration, it will be all right tomorrow, and the ship will move forward normally. "It will be planned on Yueyang Tower", and the last sentence envisages enjoying the beautiful scenery of Dongting Lake on Yueyang Tower tomorrow.
This word is easy to write the scene where the ship is blocked by the wind, write the scenery, express feelings, and even imagine "tomorrow" without any frustration. The concise and elegant language of the whole word only makes the author have an infinite love for mountains and rivers, but he is not annoyed that the ship is blocked by the headwind. This is the characteristic of this word, and the author's conception is unique.
Second, the test questions (National Volume 1)
12. Read the poem of the following song and then answer this question. (8 points)
"Secretariat of Hu Shu Mi Yun" (1)
Jiang kui ②
At the west corner of the bridge, the duckweed is green and marked on the bank pavilion.
Don't open the door if you live in Shihu, where there are many lotus flowers.
【 Note 】 ① Shihu: Fan Chengda (1126-165438), a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, left his post in his later years and lived in seclusion in Shihu (now Suzhou, Jiangsu), where he became a Buddhist. ② Jiang Kui (1155-1221? ): Yao Zhang, a Taoist named Baishi, was born in Poyang, Raozhou (now Poyang, Jiangxi), and has been wandering the rivers and lakes all his life. In the summer of the 14th year of Xichun (1 187), I visited Fan Chengda, and this poem was written at this time.
(1) What kind of picture does this poem depict? What scenery is it made of? Please describe it briefly.
A:
Some people say that the last two sentences of the poem praise Fan Chengda's character, and the "person" in the third sentence refers to the person who is in favor of the situation. What do you think of this? Please briefly explain.
A:
analyse
Analyze the "artistic conception" of poetry and answer questions: Step one, describe the pictures displayed in poetry. The second step is to summarize the characteristics of the scenery to create an atmosphere. The third step is to analyze the author's thoughts and feelings.
The terms of artistic conception (atmosphere) characteristics are: loneliness and cold, tranquility and beauty, grandeur and magnificence, bleak and desolation, tranquility and tranquility, magnificence and beauty, full of vitality, magnificence and desolation, magnificence and magnificence, illusion and emptiness, misery and depression, prosperity and excitement, etc.
Analyze "thoughts and feelings" and the author's "opinions and attitudes", and answer the questions: the first step is to mobilize accumulation, read poetry, understand the content, and analyze emotions. The second step is organic integration and accurate expression.
Reference answer
⑴ The poem depicts a peaceful picture of a water town in the south of the Yangtze River, and describes the scenery of small bridges, flowing water, villages, green banks, duckweeds, lotus flowers, people's homes and courtyards.
(2) Viewpoint 1:
This statement makes sense.
This poem praises the beautiful scenery of Shihu, and also includes the praise for the owner of Shihu. "People" refers to snobs. These people stopped interacting with Fan after he left office and retired, but Fan didn't care, but enjoyed the pastoral joy, which is in line with the author's attitude towards life as an official all his life.
Viewpoint 2:
This statement is not accurate.
This poem describes the beautiful scenery of Shihu, and shows the author's appreciation of Shihu's owner's seclusion and pastoral life. "People" is just a general term, a quiet element that no one can disturb, not the world after Fan's accident.
Make an appreciative comment
Fan Chengda's original book Fan has been lost, but Jiang Kui's first rhyme has left a leisurely and profound charm of Shi Hu. In the summer of the 14th year of Xichun (1 187), Jiang Kui went from Huzhou to Suzhou to meet Fan Chengda. Fan's birthday is on the fourth day of June. Jiang Kui wrote "Stone Tiger Fairy" to celebrate his birthday: ... You must believe in Shi Hu Fairy, it seems to take you away. Floating clouds, I love myself, dancing red and green. "This book has a secondary rhyme, which is related to its meaning.
These twenty-eight words can be described as cherishing ink as gold, which not only depicts an elegant and quiet picture of Shihu Lake, but also conveys emotions that are difficult to express with pen and ink. The Shihu villa built by Fan Chengda in his later years has been reduced to ashes after seven or eight hundred years of vicissitudes, but the water in Shihu and the nine-ring cave bridge on the lake embankment still exist, and the artistic conception in the poem can be confirmed to some extent. It is conceivable that Jiang Kui traveled to Shihu by boat. "A bend in the west of the bridge leads to a village" is naturally a unique scenery of Jiangnan water town. At the same time, approaching from a distance shows the position of Fan Villa. The lake is misty, with trees on both sides. How can I recognize "Shuitong Village"? "There are traces of duckweed on the bank pavilion", and there are green traces on the bank where the lake meets the stream, which are duckweeds floating from the calm pond in the village. Just like Wuling fishermen found peach blossoms floating on the water and found the source of peach blossoms. What a profound place to say "there is a non-human world".
Sure enough, "I don't live in the Stone Lakers". This naturally means that Fan Chengda Villa is far from noisy, and it is also a tribute to Fan's character. Fan Chengda, with the talent of Gallery Temple, retired from the Jianghu. When he was in Korea, he hoped to do his best to restore the Central Plains, but he could not get the trust of Xiao Zong, so his suggestion was attacked by personal regret, so he resigned and retired from Shihu. He regards wealth as a floating cloud, for fear that dust will stain his plain clothes again, so he "can't live in a stone lake." This "person" should refer to those who follow the trend and resist the customs. Being able to achieve "no one has me" shows that integrity is clear and ambition is at the beginning. So he can live in seclusion and enjoy natural beauty in Shen Zui. "Lotus is closed in many places", how elegant it is to open a portal in a place where lotus is flourishing! These three or four sentences describe people, their personalities, their minds and their interests.
It is worth noting that in Fan Chengda's poems about the scenery of Shihu Lake, there are many flowers and trees, but there are no lotus flowers as prominent as Jiang Kui. Shihu, praised by Yang Wanli as "the victory of mountains and rivers, the desperate situation in the southeast", is not good at winning with lotus flowers. Jiang Kui deliberately picked the lotus flowers out of the scenery of Shihu Lake, which made this poem show the poet's unique emotional color. As can be seen from his poems, in addition to plum blossoms, he also devoted himself to lotus flowers and has a unique appreciation ability. He can make "cold fragrance fly into the poetic realm" and form an ethereal and distant artistic conception. This poem is a good example.
Three Questions (National Volume II)
12. Read the following Tang poem and then answer this question. (8 points)
Jun cheng Zao Qiu
Yanwu [note]
The bleak autumn wind was involved in the garrison last night; Looking around, I saw the bright moon in the west and Leng Yun rolling.
Repeatedly ordered brave soldiers to chase the enemy and not let a horse escape from the battlefield.
[Note] Yanwu (726-765) was born in Huayin (now Huayin County, Shaanxi Province). Yin Jiannan was once an ambassador to Chengdu. In the autumn of Guangde two years (764), he led the troops to the western expedition and defeated more than 70,000 Tubo troops.
(1) What do the first two sentences of this poem describe? What's the moral?
(2) How do the last two sentences of the poem express the author's feelings? Please analyze it briefly.