Abstract: The new curriculum advocates "people-oriented" and focuses on embodying the idea of ??"student development-oriented". "Transforming students' learning methods" has become the theme of basic education curriculum reform in the new century. Paying attention to students' homework, making homework truly a continuation and extension of classroom learning, and exploring new coursework paths are top priorities.
Keywords: richness; humanism; autonomy; thinking; practicality; emotion The reform of the curriculum has brought about the reform of Chinese homework. Keeping pace with the times and striving to practice, here are some analyzes on the characteristics of primary school Chinese homework in the context of the new curriculum.
1. Novel content
1. The work is user-friendly. Common assignment designs include "What useful inspirations have you gained by studying this article?" and "Tell me about something that touches your heart." They are designed to be close to students' physical and mental perceptions and ask questions to open students' hearts and listen to their voices, which is full of humanity. .
The extremely humanistic title of "you" clearly demonstrates the student's subjective status. "How do you feel after reading this text?" A "you" opens the text and the students' minds, reaching a state of understanding. "Are you satisfied with his answer to this question?" A "you" promotes communication between students and students, and between students and texts, bursting out the spark of thought and the spirit of exploration. "You" (or "you") said it well. Do you want to hear the teacher's opinion? Provide reference for everyone's homework. A "you" (or "you") brings the distance between teachers and students, teachers and students and the text closer. Allowing assignments to have no fixed answers, A Thousand Hamlets staged a vigorous struggle for Chinese assignments against the standardized answers represented by the uniqueness, singleness, and authority of traditional assignment answers. This type of assignment is popular for its free and candid expression of thinking.
2. Contextualize homework. For example, imitate the following sentence, and then write a few more sentences to form a parallel sentence structure and have a unified topic. For example, a home without a book is a garden without a flower; a home without a book is a forest without a bird; ______.
3. Operation autonomy. For example, try excerpting an anthropomorphic sentence from the text and writing another sentence imitating its writing style. This kind of copying that is purposefully accompanied by individual language comprehension and unique appreciation ability is very different from blind, casual and perfunctory copying. It has evolved from simple copying to excerpts that combine reading taste and innovative thinking, achieving a leap from quantity to quality.
2. Rich forms
1. Thematic assignments. "Education must be oriented to all" so that students can master certain knowledge and skills. Homework assignments should also be oriented to all students, focusing on dual-based training and accumulation and application. Long-term Chinese subject assignments include pre-class preparation, copying and dictation, reciting, thinking exercises, essay excerpts, reading and writing, etc., which run through the lifelong education and learning methods. The formation of Chinese literacy that should be possessed by everyone does not lie in one day, but in the persistence over time, and in the cultivation of the quality and habits of the whole people. In this sense, when our teachers assign homework, they cannot give up on one or more students and ask students not to do it or not to do it based on their own subjective assumptions or preferences. In addition to assigning a certain amount of written assignments, it is recommended to assign more extracurricular readings and assignments that require memorization according to the syllabus. The number of compositions in class is assigned according to the syllabus, eight compositions per semester. "Nine-year compulsory education" can provide insight into the country's good intentions, and it is also basic education. Therefore, basic homework, such as listening, speaking, reading, writing, and backing of Chinese language, must not only be retained, but also inherited, and more importantly, it must be integrated and comprehensive.
2. Form stratification. There are individual differences among students, and students will naturally receive the same knowledge at different speeds. Doing the same homework for students with differences will inevitably lead to the phenomenon that some students "can't eat enough" and some students "can't eat enough".
3. Outstanding abilities
1. Hypothetical work. For example: If you were "I" in the article, what would you say to your mother? If you were a water conservancy expert, what measures would you take to prevent the lakes from disappearing? Try to write down some suggestions. There are no more than two types of hypothetical questions, namely playing in-class and extra-curricular roles, performing role transformation and role generation. Students gain certain reading insights through reading the text.
2. Homework preview. The ancients said: "Everything is done in advance." Teachers place more emphasis on students' preview homework, requiring students to solve some knowledge points during the preview process and establish connections between new and old knowledge during the preview process. The methods of homework preview include copying words, discovering problems, asking questions, etc., especially the reading of texts, the collection of materials, and the discovery of problems are all the highlights of the new course concept, embodying the practicality of the new course assignments and providing a basis for intimacy. The contact text provides a good foundation. As the saying goes: a good start is half the battle.
3. Accumulation of homework. The new coursework focuses on accumulation, application, and extracurricular reading. It stipulates a certain amount of reading for students and has hard targets for the amount of reading. Each student reads no less than one (book) extracurricular reading material (such as "The Reader", "Brief Words" and Chinese and foreign classics, etc., and one extracurricular article per week to practice writing or newspaper clippings.
Our new textbooks have recommended readings of famous works for each grade and semester, such as "Journey to the West", "Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea" and "Biographies of Famous People" in the second volume for eighth grade, covering ancient and modern times, China and foreign countries, broadening students' horizons and cultivating their sentiments. . The second is the requirement to accumulate various language materials to strengthen recitation. Recitation is a good way to accumulate. Through recitation, you can accumulate phrases and phrases, your favorite idioms and aphorisms, and language materials acquired through extracurricular reading and life in ancient poetry. The common contents of these language accumulation materials examination assignments include understanding the theme or content, plot or characters, relevant knowledge, feelings and experiences, and comprehensive examinations; the forms are directional and open-ended. Reading accumulates language materials and stores them in the brain, which will become lifelong nutrition for students, which is an important component of Chinese literacy. Once they are activated, they will have a comprehensive effect, which is very conducive to the overall improvement of receptive and expressive abilities.
4. Integration of operations. Practical homework is a form of homework that allows students to improve their hands-on ability and innovative spirit during the practice process, including various experiments, independent observations, independent completion of art works, and various hands-on ability tests. For example, in the comprehensive practical activity "Songs for Mother" in the first unit of the second volume of the eighth grade, I adopted a series of practical assignments for students to choose from within sufficient time. Collect novels, essays, poems and other articles about mothers from famous people at home and abroad, read the excerpts and recommend one article to everyone; create a themed handwritten newspaper with pictures and texts to participate in the competition; design the words "I really want to say to my mother" "Words"; design activities "One thing I most want to do for my mother"; design interviews with mothers, learn anecdotes about mothers and write a composition to her.
Such a rich form of homework is both selective and challenging, which enhances the integration of text content with student life and social life. How big the extension of life is, how big the extension of language is. Comprehensive practical activities provide a world for students to display their talents and qualities. It is true that "the sky is high for birds to fly, and the sea is wide for fish to jump."
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