Teaching objectives
1. Strengthen students' answering skills through comprehensive training questions on poetry appreciation.
2. Guide students to answer questions with correct answers through students' answers.
Teaching focus
Instruct the students to answer the questions according to their own answers and use the correct answer standard.
Teaching difficulties
Students read poems, independently understand and appreciate the language and expression skills of the works, and evaluate the thoughts and feelings of the works.
teaching process
I. Import review:
We may not be rich enough, but we cannot be poor in spirit; We can be not deep enough, but we can't be shallow. How to do this? -Reading poetry. Confucius said to his disciples, "Boy! His poems by Moshev? " The poem "can be wonderful, can be watched, can be grouped, can be resentful, and your father is far away, and you know the names of plants, animals and birds better." In addition, he criticized his son Kong Li for "having nothing to say without learning poetry", which shows that Confucius attached importance to poetry.
Poetry is the essence of language, and ancient poetry is the treasure of literature and art. Reading ancient poetry often can not only help us understand the profoundness of our motherland's culture, but also cultivate our sentiment and improve our aesthetic ability and cultural accomplishment. And its most direct function is to let students easily get 8 points that should belong to you in the college entrance examination in June this year.
1, let the students review the poetry appreciation test center of the college entrance examination.
⑴ Appreciate the image, language and expression skills of literary works.
⑵ Evaluate the thoughts and feelings of literary works and the attitude of authors.
2. Ask the students to review the general steps of answering poetry appreciation questions.
(1) Confirm what is written, how to write it, why to write it, and finally integrate the answers to answer the questions.
(2) What to write-the test center corresponding to the image.
How to write-the corresponding language and skills.
Why write-corresponding to the thoughts and feelings of literary works and the author's views and attitudes.
Second, student activities.
1. Type the title of the poem training and give the students 15 minutes to complete the first training.
2. Patrol the students' answers during the problem solving.
3. Type representative student answers: find out the answers of students with insufficient scoring points, irregular writing and good work, project them, and discuss with students how to get high marks.
4. Give students five minutes to finish the second question in training 2.
5. Students evaluate each other in groups, score others and explain the reasons. When it's time for students to grade, go to patrol for guidance.
Third, knowledge construction: grasping eight breakthrough points of poetry appreciation
1, cut from the topic
The titles of ancient poetry are very particular, which often reveal the time, place, object, event and theme of poetry writing, and are an important starting point for us to interpret poetry. Starting with the topic can help us understand poetry quickly and accurately.
Step 2 cut through the comments
The proposer takes notes in the test questions or annotates the text to reduce the difficulty.
3. Cut in from the image
Image is something that melts the author's thoughts and feelings in poetry. Simply put, image is the image in people's mind, a unique image created by the objective image through the poet's emotional activities, and a concrete artistic image with more subjective colors, which is different from the original state of life and can be perceived by people.
4, cut from the language
The first is to use exam information skillfully, use reserves and read poems. The ancients paid special attention to the tempering of language when creating poems. Many poems were full of fun because one or several words were used correctly, which made the whole poem vivid and readable.
5, cut from the theme
Common themes of ancient poetry are:
Homesickness, seclusion, chanting history, bitterness, wandering, joining the army, frontier fortress, boarding, falling in love, worrying about the country, making achievements, feeling and so on.
Poetry with the same theme usually expresses the same feeling and is relatively stable. When you appreciate it, you won't stray from the topic if you grasp the subject.
6. From The Language of Love
The "sentimental language" here refers to the words that directly express one's mind, which is the crowning touch in the poem. Grasping these words, we can touch the author's emotional pulse and find a breakthrough to understand poetry and enter the poet's emotional world.
Step 7 cut into the details
Excellent poetry always reflects the general with individuals and the whole with parts. The "personal" and "local" here are typical details. Through this unique personality perspective, we can explore the emotions contained in poetry.
Step 8 cut into the background
Bai Juyi once said: "Articles are written in the times, and songs and poems are written in things." Any article is the product of a specific social background and bears the imprint of a certain era. Therefore, the appreciation of ancient poetry can not be separated from the social and cultural background of that particular era. When writing test questions, proposers often make brief comments on some backgrounds that affect the understanding of poetry content. Starting from the "background", it is easy to feel the changes of that era and understand the content and theme of poetry.
Fourth, the use of knowledge.
1. Read the following Tang poem and then answer the following questions. (6 points)
Jingu Duyuanmu
The bustling past is gone with the fragrance of dust; The water is ruthless, and weeds are green every year until spring.
The birds groaned, and night came with the sound of the east wind; Falling flowers are as beautiful as green beads falling from upstairs.
Note ① Jinguyuan: the villa of Shi Chong, a rich man in the Western Jin Dynasty. ② Falling: refers to Shi Chong's concubine. (3) The author of this poem passed by Jinguyuan's hometown and was nostalgic for the past because he saw the scene in front of him.
(1). Please enjoy the artistic effect of the poem "Flowing water makes grass spring". (3 points)
(2) Appreciate this poem from the perspective of using contrast. (3 points)
Read the following two ancient poems and then answer this question. (7 points)
Du Mu, a title of Qi 'an County, China.
On the bridge of Erji Sunset Creek, half a ray of light smoke is in the willow shadow.
How many violets depend on each other and hate each other, looking back at the west wind for a while.
Yang Wanli on the lotus pond at dusk
The grass shook its head and suddenly reported Nong, and the shawl stopped a westerly wind.
The lotus is still hot at dusk, and its lower face is hidden in a blue umbrella.
(1) These two poems describe the scenery in _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ (2 points)
(2) What expressions are used in these two poems to depict the image of "He"? Please point out the different emotional characteristics of "Lian" in the two poems and make a brief analysis. (5 points)
Verb (abbreviation of verb) review summary:
1. Review the questions and show the test sites.
Step on the right time and answer questions skillfully.
3. Write well and get more points.
Six, homework:
Complete the rest of the exercises, and summarize the methods, skills and answering specifications for answering poetry appreciation questions.
Attached:
Answer to poetry appreciation
( 1)
1, (6 points) (1) (3 points) The poet climbed the building and looked from a distance. This is leisure, but he was moved by this scene and remembered his hometown. He was not surprised when he woke up from homesickness and found himself in a foreign land. The emotional changes before and after this highlight the author's homesickness. (Just get it right. Give leisure 1 point, touching the scenery 1 point, homesickness 1 point. )
(2)(3 points) There are only boats and boatmen in the painting, and there are no pedestrians, showing the scene of "no one crossing the wild water"; The boatman sleeps on the boat, which shows that there are few passers-by and highlights the long and lonely waiting of the boat. We can guess from the picture that the boatman is waiting to cross the river while playing the flute. There was no transition for a long time, so sleepy that he had to put down his flute and go to bed by himself. This painting vividly shows the content of this poem. (Analysis gives 2 points. Answer the contents of the screen to 1. Write other answers, as long as it is meaningful, you can give points as appropriate. )
2, (6 points, 1 minute per space. Students' answers are inconsistent with the original text if there are typos, other words, missing words, inverted words, etc. )
(1) The longing for love of the Emperor Wang is cooing. The blue fields breathe their emeralds to the sun. (2) There are tens of millions of spacious buildings in Ande, which greatly protect the poor all over the world.
(3) heaven and earth can't be in an instant; Then things are infinite to me. (4) Grass trees in the sunset, ordinary alleys.
(2)
1, (1) "Water is heartless", and scenery means that no matter how the world changes, running water still flows relentlessly; "The grass is green", the grass is empty and green, and it has no feeling of personnel changes. The description of the scenery exaggerated the sad atmosphere, wrote the dilapidated scene of the deserted garden, and entrusted the poet with infinite vicissitudes. (Analyze both the scenery described and the feelings expressed, 3 points. )
(2) The first sentence "Flourishing incense dust" refers to the prosperous past of Jingu, which has drifted away with the incense dust. Nowadays, the Jin and Yuan Dynasties are barren: "running water", "grass", "birds singing" and "falling flowers", which is a scene of decline. In the contrast between the prosperity of the past and the decline of the present, the poet's heavy sadness is expressed. (Write a comparison and analyze it in combination with the poem, 3 points)
2, (1) gold nuggets and pebbles, throw them away (2) people don't know and don't care, not gentlemen. (3) The jade carving in the carved column still needs to be changed. (4) Flowers are more and more attractive, and shallow grass can throw horseshoes.
(3) 1, (1) couplets: the breeze blows on the door and bamboo, causing nostalgia for the old friend. Bow tie: the breeze blows dew off the branches and drops on the moss under the steps. Tail joint: I hope the breeze will blow into the curtains and blow up the dust on the piano.
(If the analysis is accurate, the score is 1. )
(2) Cold silence (1); Loneliness, loneliness (2 points)
2.( 1) Come on my way before you gallop. (2) It's like you just came out of the world and became an immortal.
Neither of us is happy-we meet again at the end of the day. We understand. What is the relationship between acquaintances? (4) Worry about the world first, and enjoy it later.
(4)
1, (1) West wind in the evening (2 points)
(2) anthropomorphic expression. (1) The last poem "Qing He" includes "Hate" and "Back to the West Wind", which contains the poet's hate, shows a sense of grievance and a sad tone. (2 points) The "Lotus" of the last song was blown into the lotus leaf by the west wind, which seemed to be "worried about heat", but in fact it was shy, showing the author's love and joy, and its tone was lively and interesting. (2 points)
2.( 1) Friends of fish and shrimp, Milu, a drop in the ocean (2) Businessmen and women who stay at Qinhuai Restaurant overnight, do not know the hatred of national subjugation.
(3) The cold and astringent strings of the ice spring have been completely destroyed into a kind of deep sorrow and hidden lament. (4) The confusion of primary schools has left a great legacy.
(5)
1, (1) The poet hurried to the mountains to visit a Taoist priest. He didn't want to, but he was turned away. He searched around his residence, but he still didn't get what he wanted. The poet was not disappointed, but got spiritual comfort and psychological satisfaction from the beautiful scenery around him. He came to visit the Taoist priest on a whim, got Zen and went home.
(2) The whole poem revolves around the word "seeking" of the topic and develops gradually. "Walking along a small road, I found a footprint on the moss" highlighted the word "find". The couplet was written along the path into its habitat. "Grass sweetens the idle door" means missing someone. The last four sentences continue to write the scenery all the way. "The stream from the mountain source" is to find water with the mountain, and to find water is also to find a Taoist, which is also closely related to the word "find".
2.( 1) This pre-Han Dynasty was very prosperous, and then the Han Dynasty was very depressed. (2) Never tire of learning and never tire of teaching.
(3) Knowledgeable, self-taught, you know what you know and you can't do anything wrong. Before I realized it, a moment that should have lasted forever had come and gone.
(6)
1 and (1) The first sentence depicts a moonlit picture of Dongpo after the rain, which is the basis of the whole poem (1) and creates a quiet atmosphere to reflect the spiritual realm of the author's mind Ming Che (2).
(2) The word "loud and clear" vividly depicts the loud and powerful sound when the cane collides with the stone, which is in sharp contrast with the tranquility of Dongpo under the moon (2 points); In connection with the above description of the bumpy road, readers can appreciate the author's feelings of sticking to his faith and being optimistic and broad-minded (1).
2.( 1) Friends are fish and shrimp, and friends are elk, which is a drop in the ocean. (2) The string of cold ice springs condenses into a deep sorrow and a hidden lament.
(3) If you don't understand primary school, you will leave sequelae. (4) Wealth is as rich as gold, benefiting from a gentleman's erudition and saving himself in the future.
(7)
1, (1) "Juechunsheng", "Arrangement" and "Waiting". Because only after the new thunder will there be "spring life" and "colorful". (2) The former has entrusted the yearning and expectation for a new life and a new atmosphere; The latter has placed selfless care on new things.
Poetry appreciation
The explanation of "new thunder" shows that things have the internal basis of change, but without certain external conditions-"new thunder", this change cannot be realized. This poem vividly expounds the important role of external factors in the change of things by calling for new thunder. It is the same as "everything is ready, only the east wind is needed".
Note: ① New thunder: The first thunder in spring symbolizes the arrival of spring. The ancients believed that thunder shook everything. I ching? Say divination: "thunder moves, wind dissipates, rain moistens." "Er ya Yi Shu? Interpretation of Heaven quoted Shuowen as saying: "Thunder is weak in yin and yang, and thunderstorm creatures are also weak. "This poem should take its meaning.
2 creation: refers to the sky. The ancients believed that God created everything. Zhuangzi? Master: "The creator Wei Zaifu will be detained for this (just for a while)." Silent and affectionate: the ancients believed that although the sky was silent, it could convey everything imperceptibly. The Analects of Confucius? Yang Huo: "Confucius said,' What does heaven say? When you are at four o'clock, everything is born. "What does heaven say?" "Every time: often. (3) These two words: "Creation" have already been arranged in various colors, just waiting for the spring thunder to ring and the flowers to bloom.
The poem "New Thunder" is about welcoming spring. "Creation" is nature. Nature says nothing, but it has feelings. No, the cold in winter has not subsided, and spring has quietly arrived. The colorful flowers in the Baihua Garden are ready, and will open to the outside world with the sound of spring thunder. This poem not only shows the poet's infinite praise for nature, but also expresses his eager expectation for social change. Gong Zizhen learned Ji Hai's Miscellaneous Poems (Part 5) in junior high school, so this is a brief introduction.
2.( 1) The phoenix tree is raining and dripping at dusk. (2) In the sharp wind from the vast sky, apes are sobbing, and clear sand and white birds fly back.
(3) If you stay up all night, there will be a dynasty. (4) The wind is cool and the water is quiet.