When Luoxing opened his house, the old man from Long Pavilion came to compose a poem.
In the light rain, the Tibetan mountain travelers sit for a long time, and the Yangtze River arrives late to pick up the sky sail.
The fragrance of banquet and bed is isolated from the world, and the paintings are wonderful and no one knows.
Each hive has its own hut, and a branch of tea vine is brewed everywhere.
---Huang Tingjian
Luoxing Temple is located in the north of Poyang Lake, with the majestic and beautiful Lushan Mountain in its north. Legend has it that a giant star accidentally fell from the sky and turned into a small island when it hit the ground. It was the famous Luo Xing Stone in Xingzi County, and Luo Xing Temple got its name from this. This temple is nestled between the lakes and mountains, like a fairyland. Coupled with the wonderful legend, it has naturally become a place where poets and poets linger.
Huang Tingjian was from Fenning, Hongzhou (now Xiushui, Jiangxi). From Fenning along the Xiushui River to the east, you can reach Poyang Lake directly. He has been to Luoxing Temple several times. There are currently four poems in his collection of poems "Inscribed on Luoxing Temple". The one chosen here is the most popular one. The title of the poem may be "Inscribed on Lan Yixuan of Luoxing Temple".
The first two sentences highlight the depth of the temple and the chanting that attracts literati. "Kaishi" means monk. "Longtuge Old Man" refers to the poet's uncle Li Gongze. He once served as a direct bachelor of Longtuge and was quite famous for poetry at that time. This actually refers to the poets and poets who have come here to write poems in the past dynasties, and also contains the author's own words. The word "deep" in "Shenjie House" is the key to the whole poem. Luoxing Temple is located deep in the mountains, so it is quiet and lonely. The following will be based on the word "deep".
The three or four lines are the aphorisms of this poem. The word "hidden" in "The light rain hides the mountains" brings both the rain and the mountains to life. The drizzle floats down from the gray sky, densely packed, covering everything in the world with a thin veil, as if to hide everything in front of it in its boundless curtain, what the poet here says It is this image that is captured. The word "hidden mountain" comes from "Zhuangzi: The Great Master" in the Chinese language version: "The husband hides the boat in the ravine and the mountain in the lake, which is said to be solid. However, in the middle of the night, a strong person carries it and walks away, and the ignorant does not know this." It's Zhuangzi's imagination. This sentence is a combination of imagination and reality. "Light rain hides the mountain" is a common sight for people. However, only a poet with keen insight can reproduce this picture in concise words.
Since God kept the guests away with light rain, the poet had no choice but to sit idle in the temple, maybe talking about Zen with the eminent monks, maybe having a cup of tea, but occasionally he looked far away and saw that it was as far away as the end of the world. On the Yangtze River, there are dots of sails slowly approaching, but in the end they are too far apart, and it seems that they will never reach them. The poetic meaning of this sentence is derived from the two sentences "The sail of the desert comes with heavy weight, and the bird of darkness departs late" in Wei Yingwu's "Fu De Mu Yu Sends Li Zhou". This couplet is naturally stable in workmanship and flows away without revealing any traces of chiseling. However, if you taste it carefully, you can see that the poet has refined his skills in Mingsou. Although this is a description of a scene, there are people and feelings in the scene. "Guest" is the poet's own reference, but the hospitable host is also clearly visible. These two sentences express the tranquility of Luoxing Temple in the description of the scene. The temple is deep in the mountains, and the mountains are surrounded by rain. The whole temple is cast in a hazy and hazy color; while the sky is sailing away from the temple. So far away, so far away that it seems like a world away, which reflects the far-off nature of Luoxing Temple.
Banquet refers to the toilet room for resting and sleeping. There is a sentence by Wei Yingwu that goes: "The fragrance of banquet and bed is condensed" ("Collection of Swallows with Scholars in the Rain in the County Zhai"). This fifth sentence is all derived from this. In the toilet of the Buddhist temple, there is a stick of fragrance, which is faint and dense. It comes leisurely and seems to be integrated with the landscape, the Buddhist temple and the light rain, making people feel isolated from the world. The poet took advantage of his excursion to see the Buddhist paintings on the temple walls. Among them, the picture found by Senglong in Hanshan was the most wonderful. Although the picture is wonderful, it is not known to the world. This sentence is actually derived from the two sentences in Han Yu's "Mountain and Stone": "The monk said that the Buddhist paintings on the ancient walls are good, and what you see is rare with fire."
In Huang Tingjian’s discussion of poetry, he said that “turning iron into gold” and “reshaping the body”. The so-called "turning iron into gold" means that by changing the ancient statements, you can turn decay into magic and become your own poetry. The so-called "seizing the fetus and reshaping the bones" is explained in "Lengzhai Night Talk": "Creating the words without changing the meaning is called the method of reshaping the bones; copying the meaning and describing it is called the method of seizing the fetus." Five sentences can be said. It is "turning iron into gold", and the six sentences are "turning a new body into a new body". These two sentences are intended to exaggerate the tranquility of Luoxing Temple, and closely follow the three words "Shenjie House" in the sentence.
The last two sentences are: Each of the monks' rooms in the temple has its windows open, like a dense honeycomb, and wisps of green smoke rise everywhere, telling people that a dead vine is cooking incense there. Ming. Withered vines often appear in ancient poetry and paintings. They not only give people a sense of sadness, but also give people an association of beauty. Not to mention Du Fu's "Lantian hills and valleys with cold vines" or famous lines like "withered vines and old trees and crows dimming" in Xiaoling of the Yuan Dynasty; even in Chinese paintings, green vines and withered vines are also favorites in the painter's works. Some painters even named themselves Qingteng (Xu Wei); even calligraphers pursue the brushwork like withered vines. Ren Hua praised Huai Su's cursive calligraphy and said: "What is the most pitiful place? The withered vines hang thousands of feet high." Zhao Mengfu's "On the Book of Books" also said: "The old vines are worth a thousand years, and the weeds are idle and the flowers are springing in a few days." Huang Tingjian himself Being good at calligraphy and painting, he naturally understands the aesthetic value of withered vines in art. Therefore, making tea with vines here is an elegant thing in the mountains. In the poet's view, the clear mountain spring and the best tea can only be made with withered vines and a slow fire. , to get the true flavor.
In this sense, the final conclusion is written lightly, but leaves the reader with infinite room for reflection. The twists and turns reflect the pure and pure feeling of living in seclusion in the temple.
This poem is very unique in art. Judging from the rhythm of the poem, this poem belongs to the oblique rhythm, which means deliberately exchanging oblique and oblique lines in the sentence, causing a twist in the tone, giving the poem a strange, thin, hard, and unusual style. The reason why Huang Tingjian and the Jiangxi School poets like to use this kind of style is related to their original and surprising purpose of poetry.
This poem also has another characteristic: it does not use allusions or embellishments, but relies entirely on the poet's skillful skills in making words and sentences, and is written in plain language, which is also rare in Huang Tingjian's poems. Got it. In ancient my country, there was the so-called "white war" technique, which was like an unarmed fighter who won with courage and wisdom. Just like elegant opera, there is no need to pretend to be noisy scenes and luxurious scenery on the stage. It can touch the heartstrings of the audience just by its beautiful text and beautiful singing. And an expert connoisseur can close his eyes and listen carefully. Chew and savor its flavor. Reading this little poem seems like listening to an elegant a cappella song.