First, we must be good at spreading the wings of association and imagination
Association and imagination are special thinking activities. They are necessary factors for people to carry out creative activities and are also necessary in poetry appreciation. An ability possessed. The artistic phenomenon of "image is greater than thought" is the result of readers and appreciators exerting their association and imagination.
Without imagination, there is no poetry. From abstract text symbols to the formation of vivid and colorful pictures, the bridge in the middle is imaginative thinking. "The sky is blue, the fields are vast, the wind blows the grass and you can see the cattle and sheep" (Cile Song), when we read this poem, we will naturally imagine a panoramic view of a magnificent and vibrant grassland in our minds. It is a kind of reimagining. But it goes beyond that. Reading this poem, it is not difficult for us to imagine how joyful and beautiful it is for people as sons of nature to live and work on this land in front of the incomparably magnificent natural beauty! This poem also What a happy and beautiful prairie pastoral song! This "human" content is not found in the poem. It is a manifestation of creative imagination in poetry appreciation. Reciting this poem like this, readers seem to be taken into the magical and beautiful northern prairie, appreciating the magnificent beauty of thousands of miles of grassland and fat cattle and sheep; the subject and object of aesthetics are organically blended together, and man and nature have reached the highest level. Beautiful harmony.
Second, grasp the image and ponder it repeatedly
Image refers to the objective object in the poem that casts the author's subjective feelings (or it refers to the profound meaning formed by the author's thinking) objective object). Imagery plays a vital role in the formation of artistic conception. Readers entering the artistic conception of poetry always start by feeling the image. The poet's selection and description of images are the expression of the author's subjective feelings. Therefore, when appreciating poetry, grasping the image and repeatedly pondering and appreciating the image is the key to understanding the author's thoughts and feelings and smoothly entering the artistic conception of the poem. Ma Zhiyuan's "Tian Jing Sha · Autumn Thoughts" writes: "Withered vines, old trees and dim crows, small bridges and flowing water, people's houses, the west wind and thin horses on the ancient roads. The sun sets in the west, and the heartbroken people are at the end of the world." This song uses nine nouns to describe The painting combines characteristic and interconnected scenery, and uses general and ingenious artistic conception to form an autumn suburb sunset picture filled with a cold atmosphere and gray colors. The crows longing for home in the dusk, the comfortable and comfortable people, and the old horses tired from the journey highlight the wandering wanderers' hesitant and miserable feelings of missing their hometown. The nine nouns in the song are exactly nine images. Each image involves the author's sorrow of traveling. They organically form a dense group of images. This seemingly simple combination of images unexpectedly produces a strong impact. With its artistic appeal, it became the swan song among Yuan operas.
Third, grasp the image and character of the lyrical protagonist
If you can fully grasp the character and image of the lyrical protagonist in poetry appreciation, it will help you enter the artistic conception of the poem. "Poetry has scenes and feelings, and there are people in it" ("Poetry Talk around the stove"). This person is the character image of the lyrical protagonist. The so-called "style is the person". The so-called "poem quality comes from character". Chinese poetry theory in the past dynasties has attached great importance to and emphasized the relationship between character and poetry. A mature and great poet's works are often a self-portrait of his personality to a large extent. Here, we can gain a deeper understanding of this point from the comparison between Mao Zedong's "Yong Mei" poem and Lu You's "Yong Mei" poem. Mao's Ci: "Wind and rain send spring back, and flying snow welcomes spring. The cliffs are already covered with hundreds of feet of ice, and there are still beautiful flowers and branches. She doesn't fight for spring, she only reports the coming of spring. When the mountain flowers are in full bloom, she laughs among the bushes." Lu Ci. : "Beside the broken bridge outside the post office, I am lonely and without an owner. It is dusk and I am alone and sad, and there is more wind and rain. I have no intention of struggling for spring, and I will let everyone be jealous. It is scattered into mud and crushed into dust, but only the fragrance remains the same." In Mao's poems. Using the plum as a metaphor, it established the heroic image of the great internationalist warrior and created the lofty artistic conception of the pioneer of the times. In Lu Ci, although it expresses the quality of being frustrated and unyielding, it is only written by feudal scholar-bureaucrats. Personal struggles, pitiful complaints after being insulted, self-pity and self-admiration, showing sadness and vulnerability. Why do they create two completely different artistic conceptions when they are both praising plum blossoms? Because the poets lived in different eras, stood in different positions, had different minds, different character cultivation, and different aesthetic standards, as a result, the artistic conception of the poems was also different. different.
To appreciate Tang poetry, you must first read the entire poem and clarify the creative background of the poem and the author's intention, which is very helpful for understanding. Then analyze it sentence by sentence, focusing on key words, especially the flexible use of parts of speech. This is a literary language skill that is usually tested. Understand the author's meaning from it. The artistic conception in the verses is the soul of the whole poem. Farewell poems, poems chanting things, poems expressing aspirations... Different emotions in them require different levels of understanding. In addition, there is a little tip, which is to master most of the types of poems written by each author.
For example, most of Li Bai's poems are romantic, describing scenes and expressing emotions; Du Fu mostly praises the people, writes more about worldly affairs, and is highly political; the same goes for Bai Juyi; Lu You is more worried about national affairs and writes more about wars...