Why did the court in Han Dynasty have poems?

Long song (excerpt)

HanYueFu

The sunflower in the green garden,

Morning dew waits for the sun.

Yangchun budeze,

Everything is wonderful.

I am often afraid of autumn festivals.

The leaves of yellow flowers are rotting.

From the east to the sea,

When will you go back to the west?

If you are young and don't work hard,

The boss is very sad.

Today's poetry

Daily poetry

Daily poetry

Today after today, how few today! If you don't do it today, when will it happen? Today is a hundred years of life, and today is not a pity! Wait for the Ming dynasty, and there will be something in the Ming dynasty. Write today's poem for you. Please start today.

Tomorrow's poetry

The day after tomorrow, how many tomorrows! I will be alive tomorrow, and everything will be in vain; If the world is tired tomorrow, it will go to Qiu Lai as a veteran in spring. Looking at the flowing water in the east and the sunset in the west, what can you do tomorrow after a hundred years? Please listen to my song tomorrow.

Today after today, how few today! If you don't do it today, when will it happen? Today is a hundred years of life, and today is not a pity! Wait for the Ming dynasty, and there will be something in the Ming dynasty. Write today's poem for you. Please start today.

In ...

You walk, walk, walk all the time, thus separating your life from mine.

Since then, you and I have traveled thousands of miles, I am in heaven, and you are in heaven.

It's a long way to Xiu Yuan, and it will be safe.

North Malaysia is still attached to the north wind, south birds fly north, and nest in the south branch.

The longer they are apart, the wider they become and the thinner they become.

Wandering clouds cover the sun, and wanderers are reluctant to return in foreign countries.

Just because I want you to age me, another year will soon end.

There are many other things to say, just wish you take care of yourself and don't be hungry and cold.

The second is.

Grass by the green river and willow in the dark garden.

Yingying is a woman upstairs with eyes as bright as windows.

E-E's pink makeup makes her hands delicate.

I used to be a prostitute, but now I'm a slut.

It's hard to stay in an empty bed without going home.

The third is.

The Green Mausoleum is on the cypress, and Leileixi is on the stone.

Life between heaven and earth is like a passer-by.

Drink and socialize, talk thick but not thin.

Driving a car, playing the game of Wanhe Luo.

Why are you depressed in Romania? The crown belt is self-contained.

Long winding paths lead to secluded and narrow lanes, and princes live first.

The two palaces face each other at a distance, and the double gap exceeds 100 feet.

Very entertaining, why pretend to be forced?

Fourth.

Today's party is so beautiful that the joy of such a feast can hardly end.

The timbre of guzheng is so elegant, it is the most fashionable piece, exquisite and ingenious.

A virtuous person speaks highly of music and knows the true meaning of musicians.

The true meaning of music is everyone's common wish, but no one wants to say it sincerely.

Life is like a Lv Ji, only I am like dust, which is blown away by the wind in an instant.

Why don't you want to go ahead, be an official first, and enjoy the wealth.

Doing nothing and keeping the poor and humble, the obstacles are long and bitter.

Fifth.

There are tall buildings in the northwest, flush with the clouds.

Cross sparse junction window, aging third order.

There is a string song on the floor, with a sad voice!

Who can compose this song? No one is Qi Liang's wife.

Merchants in the Qing Dynasty drifted with the wind in the Middle Song Dynasty.

Sighing again and again, generosity is more than sadness.

I don't care whether the singer is bitter or not, but I hurt my bosom friend.

I would like to fly high for two swans.

In the sixth place

Picking hibiscus by the river, Lanzeduo fragrant grass.

Who wants to leave, Philip Burkart.

Looking back at my hometown, it's a long way.

I am bent on leaving home and worried to death.

seven

The bright moon shines that night, promoting the singing of the East Wall.

Yuheng refers to Meng Dong, and the stars are vivid.

Thousands of years of exposure to weeds, the season suddenly changes.

In the woods of Qiu Chan, this mysterious bird died peacefully.

Yesterday, I was a friend of the same family, holding high and shaking six purlins.

If you don't want to join hands, you will abandon me like a relic.

There is a fight between the north and the south, and the morning glory does not bear the yoke.

What's the use of not having a solid name?

eight

Ran Ran foxes are born with bamboo, but they are rooted in Mount Tai.

I'm newly married to you, and Tutsi is attached to her daughter.

Sometimes, it is suitable for couples.

I married you thousands of miles away from home, just married, and you left me.

Acacia bitter years destroy old youth is limited, so I hope my husband's success can be rewarded as soon as possible.

I am a self-evident, pure and pure orchid, which is in bud and ready to be presented to you.

I'm afraid to collect when you don't come back, and the autumn rain will wither like autumn grass in the wind.

You keep noble sentiments and loyal love, then I will only wait for you.

nine

There are strange trees and gorgeous green leaves in the court.

Climbing a pole and folding its glory will be a legacy.

The incense is full of sleeves, and the road is long.

This thing is expensive, but it feels different from then.

ten

Distant Altair, Jiao Jiao Hehan girl.

Skillful hands, make a loom.

There is no chapter all day, and tears are pouring down.

The river is clear and shallow, with many differences.

Between water and water, there are no words.

eleven

Get back in the car and drive. It's a long walk.

Looking around, the east wind shakes the grass.

You can't get old quickly when you meet something for no reason.

The ups and downs are different, and it is not early to stand up.

Life is not a stone, how can we live longer?

Elections are materialized, and honor is precious.

twelve

Dongcheng is tall and long and belongs to itself.

The wind is moving back and the autumn grass is green.

Change at four o'clock, how fast it takes a year!

The morning breeze is painstaking and the crickets are cramped.

What is self-termination?

Zhao Yan has many beautiful women, and this beautiful woman is Yan Ruyu.

Get dressed, and when you are a family, clean up the music.

What a sad voice! The string is urgent, the column is urgent.

Chi Qing untied the towel belt and chatted thoughtfully.

Think of it as a flying swallow holding a mud nest in your house.

thirteen

Drive to the east gate overlooking Guo Bei's tomb.

Poplar rustling, pine and cypress passageway wide.

There are old and dead people, and there are long twilight years.

Sleeping in a grave won't last a thousand years.

The vast yin and yang move, and life is like morning dew.

Life is suddenly like sending, and life is not solid.

Long live and send more, saints can't do it.

Seeking immortality by eating is mostly caused by medicine.

Why don't you drink some wine and wear tens of thousands of sous?

fourteen

The day of the dead is sparse, and the day of the living is near.

Looking straight outside Guo's door, I saw the mountains.

The ancient tomb plows the fields, and the pine and cypress destroy the wages.

Poplar hates Taiwan, rustling sorrow kills people!

Thinking about going home, I want to go home for no reason.

fifteen

If you are less than a hundred years old, you will always be worried about being a thousand years old.

The days are short and the nights are long. Why not travel by candlelight?

If you are happy to arrive in time, why can't you stay here?

Fools cherish expenses, but they are despised by future generations.

Fairy Wang Ziqiao, it's hard to wait.

sixteen

The dusk is sad, and the dusk is sad.

The cool wind rate has been severe, and the wanderer is cold and naked.

Brocade left, and my robe clung to me.

I stayed alone for a long night and dreamed of seeing Rong Hui.

My hero only likes the ancient times, and it is beneficial to go to the Sui Dynasty.

May you always smile and drive home hand in hand.

It won't take long, and it's not too heavy.

How can you fly in the wind without the wings of the morning wind?

Look comfortable and draw a distant picture.

Just lean against my heart and feel sad, cry and touch my Shuang Ye.

seventeen

In October of the lunar calendar, the cold is pressing and the north wind is whistling.

Full of melancholy, the night is longer, looking up at the stars listed in the sky.

Three or five full moons, four or five short toads.

A guest from afar brought me a letter.

The letter first said that he often missed me, and then said that he had been separated for a long time.

The letter on the chest of the sleeve, which has been written for three years, is still indelible.

I love you with all my heart, I'm afraid you don't understand.

eighteen

The guests came from far away and left me alone.

Thousands of miles apart, the heart is still good.

Cai Wenshuang Yuan Yang, cut into lovesickness quilt.

With Sauvignon Blanc, the fate is incomprehensible.

Who can leave here when painting with glue?

nineteen

The moon has how bright, according to the latitude of my bed.

Too sad to sleep, wandering around in clothes.

Although the guests are happy, it is better to turn back early.

Who should you sue when you leave home alone?

Back to my room, tears stained my clothes.

Introduction to the work:

Yuefu in the Han Dynasty was originally an official position in charge of music in ancient times. There was a "Yuefu Order" in the Qin Dynasty and the Western Han Dynasty. The Yuefu in the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was large in scale, and its function was to take charge of the music used in the court and collect folk songs and music. After Wei and Jin Dynasties, all poems sung by Yuefu organs in Han Dynasty were called Yuefu poems.

The basic principle of Han Yuefu's creation is "feeling sad and happy, starting from things" (Art History and Literature awarded by Han Dynasty). It inherits the fine tradition of realism in The Book of Songs and reflects the social reality of Han Dynasty extensively and profoundly. The most outstanding artistic achievement of Han Yuefu lies in its narrative. Secondly, he is good at selecting typical details and expressing his character through his words and deeds. Its forms are five-character, seven-character and miscellaneous words, and it is particularly noteworthy that a number of mature five-character poems have been produced in Han Yuefu. The vast majority of Yuefu poems handed down from the Han Dynasty have been included in Yuefu poems compiled by Guo Maoqian, a Song Dynasty poet.

Appreciate:

This poem begins with "Sunflowers in the Garden", and then the water flows to the sea and never returns, indicating that time is like running water and never returns. Finally, we should persuade people to cherish their youth and work hard, and don't wait until they are old to regret it. This poem uses things to express meaning. First, it uses the sunflower in the garden as a metaphor. "Green" means it is flourishing. In fact, under the sunshine and rain in the whole spring, everything is scrambling to grow. Why is this happening? Because they are all afraid that autumn is coming, they all know that autumn wind will wither a hundred herbs. The rhythm of life in nature is like this, and so is life? If a person doesn't work hard when he is in a good time, it will be too late to regret when he is old. This poem thinks that life is fleeting from the beautiful scenery of youth in front of us, and encourages young people to cherish time, make warnings and inspire people to forge ahead.

Brief comments:

This is a famous Yuefu poem in Han Dynasty. The poem uses a series of metaphors to show that we should cherish time and work hard as soon as possible. The first four sentences of this poem paint us a beautiful spring scene. There are dewdrops on the green sunflowers in the garden. After sunrise, the dew dried and the sunflowers were bathed in the sun. Everything in the world is blessed by the rain and dew of nature in spring, shining with unparalleled brilliance. However, when autumn comes, they will lose their bright luster, turn yellow and fade. Everything has ups and downs, and people also have a process from adolescence to old age. Time is like the water of a big river, which flows eastward into the sea and never returns. If you don't cherish time and work hard when you are young, you will only be sad when you are old!

Yuefu:

What is "Yuefu"? Its meaning has changed. The so-called Yuefu in Han Dynasty refers to musical instruments, music is music and politics is politics, which is its original meaning. But in the Wei, Jin and Six Dynasties, the poems sung by Yuefu were also called "Yuefu" by Han people, so the so-called Yuefu changed from the name of organ to a poetic name with music. For example, Wenxuan established a new school of Yuefu besides Sao, Fu and Poetry. In addition to Ming poems, Wen Xin Diao Long specially marked Yuefu, and said that "Yuefu people, sound is eternal, and harmony is also", which are all signs of this evolution. Although people in the Six Dynasties regarded Yuefu as a poetic style, they still focused on music. By the Tang Dynasty, music had been shelved, and social contents such as Yuan Jie's Yuefu, Bai Juyi's New Yuefu and Pi Rixiu's Zheng Yue Fu were all valued, but they all called themselves Yuefu, so the so-called Yuefu became a satirical poem criticizing reality. After the Song and Yuan Dynasties, some people called Ci and Qu Yuefu, but left the essence of Yuefu spirit revealed in the Tang Dynasty. However, starting from the point of entering Yuefu, it is an abuse of Yuefu, which is confusing and insufficient.

Yuefu was first seen in the early Han Dynasty, and there were Yuefu orders in Hui Di, but it was expanded into a large-scale institution, starting from Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. As a musical organ of the rulers, the task of Han Yuefu is to collect folk songs. Different from later generations, it makes poems praised by literati into music scores, makes new songs and dances, and plays new songs and dances. Hanshu? Zale said, "When Emperor Wu decided to worship in the suburbs, ... it was to set up a Yuefu and read poems at night." The so-called poetry collection is a collection of folk songs. The same book "Yi Wen Zhi" has a clear record:

Since the establishment of Yuefu, the Book of Filial Piety has mostly used ballads, so there are Zhao, Dai, Qin and Chu styles, all of which are based on sadness and joy, and they also have considerable customs and know what is going on.

This matter is also of great significance in the history of literature. Bai Juyi said, "Zhou destroyed Qin, Sui Xing, and the poets of the tenth generation did not care." In fact, the Han Dynasty, like the Zhou Dynasty, also collected poems. It can also be seen from the cited literature that the poetry collection at that time spread all over the Yellow River and Yangtze River basins, which was wider than that of the Zhou Dynasty. Some clear-headed rulers in the Han Dynasty can better accept the historical lessons of peasant uprisings and know the role of folk songs that reflect people's hearts. They often send messengers to "engage in customs" and "watch folk songs", and even according to "rumors" (Han Shu? Official biography) This kind of political measure shows that although Yuefu collected poems for entertainment at that time, it also had political intentions as a reference for rule, that is, observing customs and knowing the thickness; Objectively, it also played a role in preserving folk songs, making them centralized, recorded and circulated.

According to Hanshu? There are 138 folk songs in Yuefu in the Western Han Dynasty, which is close to the "national style" of the Book of Songs, excluding the Eastern Han Dynasty, but there are only thirty or forty existing folk songs. The earliest recorded book is Shen Yue's Song Shu? In Le Zhi, Guo Maoqian's Yuefu poems have been broadened. Guo classified Yuefu poems in Han and Tang Dynasties into the following twelve categories: (1) symphonic songs, (2) songs, (3) advocating songs, (4) cross-wind songs, (5) harmony songs, (6) songs, (7) dance songs and (8) piano songs. This classification is comprehensive and systematic. The actions of the Han nobles belong to the category of "communication", which are all written by literati. Among them, some works of Song of Sacrificing to the Suburb have certain artistic value, such as the creation of Training Day as three fonts, the use of seven-character sentences in articles such as Jingxing, and the introduction of Sunrise as a miscellaneous word. Han Yuefu folk songs are mainly preserved in three categories: harmony, xuanhe and miscellaneous songs, especially harmony. Musically, these three categories also have their own characteristics. Harmony is a wonderful folk music, and the so-called harmony is a singing method, which contains two meanings: "harmony of silk and bamboo" and "harmony of human voice"; Drum music is a new voice of northern nationalities absorbed by Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty, which was mainly used as military music at that time. Zaqu is just a kind of miscellaneous music that has lost its sound. In the writing age, the song in the room, one of the suburban temple songs, was first written by Mrs. Tangshan, a high-impedance poet. Eighteen Song Poems is a work in the Western Han Dynasty. Xianghe songs were mostly produced in the Eastern Han Dynasty, with the theme of "ancient words" and almost all of them were "common songs of the Han Dynasty". In the latest era of zaqu, there have been many five-character works of literati, which shows the influence of folk songs.