Zhaojun is Wang Zhaojun, a palace maid during the reign of Emperor Yuan of the Han Dynasty. When the Xiongnu Huhanye Chanyu came to court, Emperor Yuan of the Han Dynasty married Zhaojun to the Chanyu. The story of Zhaojun marrying a Huns aroused endless emotion from later generations, and there were many poems praising his fate. By the time of Shen Yue, Zhaojun's departure from the fortress had become a traditional theme in poetry. Therefore, this poem is not much new in terms of subject matter and content and emotion expressed. However, it is quite ingenious in terms of tailoring and characterization techniques, and still shows that it is in line with the traditional theme of poetry. Differences. The author writes Zhaojun's poems but does not focus on the narration of a series of specific events before and after Zhaojun's departure from the fortress. He does not cover the reasons and process of Zhaojun's departure from the fortress, as well as his life and final outcome after marrying the Xiongnu. Instead, he focuses on describing her leaving the Han Dynasty. What he saw and felt on the way to the Xiongnu, written from this perspective, is even more concentrated and refined.
The poem begins when Zhaojun bids farewell to his homeland and goes north to marry the Huns. "Pixiang Hall" is the name of the palace after the Han Dynasty, and "Fenyin River" seems to refer to Fenshui, which is in today's Shanxi Province. It is difficult to know whether Zhaojun crossed the Fen River when he went north. The author uses "Fenyin River" here to contrast with "Pixiang Hall" in the previous sentence, which is intended to imply that Zhaojun has left his homeland in the Central Plains and entered remote places in the north. The change of "symbol" means that the journey is getting farther and farther, the scenery has changed, and the sorrow of separation described in the whole poem has also been introduced. The next four sentences turn to the description of Zhaojun's painful situation. The two sentences "Yuzi" said that he left the palace and went north, crossed the Fen River, and was getting closer to the Xiongnu. He couldn't help but feel sad and his soul passed away. From then on, his eyebrows were furrowed and he was full of sorrow. The two sentences "sticking makeup" describe Zhaojun's sad appearance. The tears staining the makeup are like heavy dew, and the tears wrap around the eyelids like flowing waves. Most Qi and Liang poets have a tendency to describe and depict exquisitely and meticulously, and to go to great lengths to show their talents in this area. This is the case with these four lines of Shen Yue's poems. However, such fine descriptions sometimes make the poems seem rigid and stacked due to being too complicated, lacking the beauty of vivid flow. Although these four lines of Shen Yue's poems are beautiful in workmanship, their semantics are a bit boring. The repetition, fortunately, does not continue to elaborate, so the style of the poem is not weak and the structure is bloated.
The four lines starting from the sentence "Ri Jian" describe the scenes along the way. As the journey progresses, more and more fluffy grass blows in the wind. The biting cold wind outside the wall not only penetrated the Qiluo on the body, but also penetrated into the muscles and bones. The four lines of the poem show the desolate and desolate scene of the desert. The rushing sand and the raging wind make people feel the hardship of the long journey. The floating and migrating grass also highlights Zhaojun's infinite sadness of being far away from his homeland and wandering in a foreign land. The author uses "Ri Jian" and "Shao Jie" here to describe the gradual changes in the scenery he saw along the way when Han entered Hu and its impact on the characters' psychology in a very euphemistic and detailed way. The running sand and turning tents also set off the scenes very well. atmosphere.
The journey was far away, and the sights in front of him were all very different from those in his homeland. Zhaojun missed his homeland even more. The two lines of "Bian Ti" describe her looking south with tears in her eyes. However, the mountain barrier blocked her homeland, and the sadness in her heart became even more difficult to suppress. The word "test" is used here, which is quite expressive. It not only expresses that Zhaojun frequently looks back to guide the gaze. His expression also showed that the mountains are boundless and it is not easy to look south, so his sadness became more intense. The two lines of "The Beginning" describe her trying to use music to relieve the resentment in her heart, but in the end she couldn't. It is said that during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, he married the princess to Kunmo, King of Wusun. "Let the pipa play music immediately to comfort his thoughts on the road." It was probably the same when sending Zhaojun off, so there are these two lines in Shen Yue's poem. "Yangchun" and "Bitter Cold" are both the names of music. "Yangchun" was originally an ancient song of the Chu State, and here it generally refers to a happy tune. "Bitter Cold Song" is the Han Yuefu "Bitter Cold Journey", which here generally refers to a song with a sad tone. music. "Yangchun Song" is opposite to "Bitter Cold Song", and the two words "beginning" and "end" are used respectively, which has a special meaning. In fact, these two sentences are also symbolized by music, summarizing Zhaojun's initial selection into the palace, but in the end it backfired. The tragic life of marrying a Xiongnu without receiving favor reveals the twists and turns of Zhaojun's fate. The last two sentences say that there is no hope of returning south. From now on, we can only watch the moon on the night of the 15th of every month when the moon is full again to express our homesickness. The word "temporary" here is also used very carefully. There is no way to relieve the homesickness, so I can only place my hope in the bright moon of reunion in the night sky. This is the only remaining comfort in the helplessness. However, this bright moon is not round every night. It is not difficult to understand that this feeling is ultimately irreversible. The last two sentences are euphemistic, implicit, and full of thoughtfulness. They are the so-called "inexhaustible meaning behind the words."
In addition to the unique tailoring of this poem and the extremely skillful use of words, there is another feature that cannot be ignored, that is, it pays attention to the rhythm. Shen Yue is a representative of Yongming style poetry. He advocates the use of tonal rules in poetry. Therefore, half of the verses in this poem are rhymed verses, especially the third, fourth, fifth and sixth lines. For each couplet, it has It meets the requirements of rhythmic poetry, but the bonding between couplets has not been considered. The conscious pursuit of rhythmic coordination was a new phenomenon in Qi and Liang poetry circles. Shen Yue played an important role in this aspect and contributed to the formation of the later Tang Dynasty rhythmic poetry. This poem is his application of rhythmic theory in creation. This is a relatively successful example. Therefore, when appreciating this poem, you cannot help but notice this.