College students must read English books for recommendation.
1. Walden Lake; Or, henry david thoreau's Life in the Woods (Walden Lake)
Introduction to Walden Lake:1In the spring of 845, Thoreau came to Walden Lake, not far from his hometown of Concord, and lived in seclusion for more than two years. He cultivated himself, wrote quietly, advocated the freedom and leisure of the mind, and faithfully recorded his true feelings about nature. In his works, the ideals of nature, man and transcendentalism are integrated and integrated.
Thoreau published Walden Lake, a collection of essays describing this experience, in 1854. For centuries, the quiet, calm and wise words in the book have won the attention of more and more readers all over the world and become far-reaching classics in the history of literature.
2. Charles Darwin's Origin of Species
The theory of evolution expounded in the Origin of Species is one of the three major discoveries of natural science in the19th century, and it is known as "a book that affects the historical process of the world".
19 In the 1930s, Darwin sailed around the world on the beagle for five years, collected and observed a large number of animals, plants and geological structures, and published the epoch-making book Origin of Species in 1859. Darwin first proposed that natural selection is the mechanism of evolution, and proved the truth of evolution through the book Origin of Species. The theory of evolution was praised by Engels as one of the three major discoveries of natural science in the19th century, which had a far-reaching impact on later generations.
3. Homer's Iliad
According to legend, the Iliad was written by Homer, and it is called the two great Greek epics together with the Odyssey. This paper describes the war of Greek tribal allied forces attacking Iliad, the capital of Oriental tribe Troy, in 10, especially the story that happened in the last year of the Trojan War. It vividly shows the thrilling war scenes, enthusiastically eulogizes the heroic spirit of clan heroes who are brave and resourceful, not afraid of sacrifice and dedicated to the collective, and also shows the growth of personal consciousness and the cruelty of war, which widely reflects the social, political, economic, cultural and customs of the clan at that time.
Iliad is a heroic epic, depicting many clan heroes with distinctive personalities, among which Achilles, the Greek hero, and hector, the Trojan hero are the most prominent. The Greek hero Achilles angrily refused to fight because the female prisoner was taken away by coach Agamemnon, and the Greek army was frustrated. Later, due to the death of his good friend Patroclus, he went into battle again and finally stabbed the Trojan Lord hector to death, winning back his glory.
The Iliad is large in scale, exquisite in structure and layout. It is interspersed with many myths and legends, reflecting the life of the Greeks, and is regarded as a model of European epic, which provides rich materials for later literature and art.
4. Selected Poems of Emily Dickinson (Selected Poems of Emily Dickinson)
Dickinson (1830&; Mdash 1886), a famous American poetess. 1830 65438+February 10 was born in Eimers, Massachusetts, USA, when it was a small town; After finishing secondary education at Amherst School, she entered Mount Holyoake Women's College for less than a year. From the age of 25, I gave up socializing and buried myself in writing poems after housework; By the time 1886 and 15 passed away in a coma due to kidney disease, he left the world a unique, unique and considerable number of poems.
Famous Translators Translate English Poetry Classics: Selected Poems of Dickinson (English-Chinese Comparison) selects some famous works from Dickinson's poetry collections, which fully shows Dickinson's rich imagination and superb poetry skills. Her poems have made great pioneering contributions to American literature.
5. Sun Tzu's Art of War
Sun Tzu's Art of War is the oldest and best art book in China, which has always been highly respected and has attracted endless learners. What we can see now is a generation of fierce Cao Cao who annotated Sun Tzu's Art of War, and there are many insights between the lines. Guo Huaruo, a famous contemporary strategist, has been studying the Art of War for a long time. He not only collates, annotates and translates the full text, but also writes questions, textual research and comments, which is not only of high academic level, but also easy to understand. On the basis of Guo Huaruo's comments, this book adds Cao Cao's comments and integrates the military thoughts of Sun Wu, Cao Cao and Guo Huaruo into one book to help readers grasp the evolution of China's military thoughts in the past two thousand years. At the same time, in order to facilitate reading, the format, layout and binding have also been carefully designed. It can be said that form and content complement each other.
6. The Prince by Nicolo Machiavelli
Introduction to "50 Lessons of Cultivating Political Leaders: On the New King": "On the King" is a shocking book, which teaches the monarch how to play with various princes and princes in naked language and control his subjects in his palm. It says the monarch should learn to be both a lion and a fox. Mdash& ampmdash as cunning as a fox and fierce as a lion. As long as it can help governance, all means, even intrigue, treachery, extortion and intrigue, are justified, and teaching these political skills is the main content of On Kings.
In fact, at that time, this eccentric book was once banned in Europe under the criticism of the church and moralists. However, under the strong power attraction, many heroes are still flocking. For example, when people were cleaning up the battlefield in Waterloo, they found an annotated "On Kings" in Napoleon's abandoned car.
7. Charlotte Brontexq's Jane Eyre
Jane Middot's Love is a realistic novel with strong romanticism. This novel mainly describes Jane &; Middot's love with Rochester. Jane Middot, the protagonist, is a childlike and thoughtful woman who lives at the bottom of society and suffers a lot. But she has a stubborn personality and the spirit of pursuing equality and happiness. With rich lyrical brushwork and profound and delicate psychological description, the novel vividly shows the ups and downs of the love experience of the hero and heroine, praises the deep love rooted in mutual understanding and respect, and has a powerful artistic force that shocks the soul. Its most successful place is to create a female image that dares to resist and strive for freedom and equal status.
8. A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens
This is one of the greatest masterpieces of critical realism in the world, and it is also one of the most tortuous and thrilling novels in Dickens' works. The novel is based on the French Revolution in the18th century, connecting Paris and London, and tells the story of Dr. Magnet's family full of love and adventure, interspersed with the brutality of the nobles, the anger of the people and the trial of spies &; hellip& amphellip
Content abstract: Dr. Magnet in Paris was imprisoned in the Bastille 18 for accusing the brother of the noble Evremonde of bullying civilians. After his release, he and his daughter Lucy immigrated to London. Lucy and French youth Charles &; Middot Darnay fell in love and got married. Darnay was the nephew of Marquis Evremonde. When the French Revolution broke out, Darnay, who returned to Paris for some reason, was sentenced to death by revolutionaries as a nobleman. Finally, Caton, a British lawyer who looks similar to Dinah, sacrificed himself and rescued Dinah.
9. Mark Twain's The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
Main contents: Tom&; Bull; Sawyer doesn't like going to school, doesn't like working, and never likes getting up early in the morning. But he likes swimming and fishing and taking risks with friends. He has many adventures. But Tom's experience is sometimes dangerous. One night, he and Huck & Bull; Finn saw three men in the cemetery. Who are they? What were you doing in the graveyard at midnight? Then two children saw that one of them was Yinjiang &; Bull; Joe.
Tom and Huck will never forget that night. They are afraid of the Inca River &; Bull; Joe mdash& ampmdash; They should be afraid, because the Inca River &; Bull; Joe is very agile with a knife.
10. The author of The Count of Monte Cristo, alexandre dumasfils (The Count of Monte Cristo)
This is one of Dumas best and most popular popular novels. The novel tells the story of a young sailor, Don Deiss, who was persecuted by an informer and repaid his kindness and revenge after he escaped from prison under the pseudonym of Count of Monte Cristo, exposing the history of the rise of some elites in France during the July Dynasty, exposing the darkness of the French judicial system during the Restoration Dynasty, and propagating the social philosophy advocated by Dumas: rewarding the good and punishing the evil. The novel has won the favor of countless readers with its fascinating story and exquisite artistic skills. After the novel was published, it caused an unprecedented sensation in the society, was translated into dozens of languages for publication, and was made into movies many times in France, the United States and other western countries. Although this novel has been published for a century and a half, it is still welcomed and recognized all over the world. ...
For more than a hundred years, this revenge story has attracted countless readers with its gripping ups and downs. Acting captain Dundees, who returned from the ocean, was framed at the wedding and spent 14 years on death row. After escaping from prison, he found the treasure of Monte Cristo described by his cellmate, turned himself into a knowledgeable and personable Count of Monte Cristo, and returned to Paris to launch a series of revenge &; hellip& amphellip
1 1. lev tolstoy's War and Peace.
lev & middot； Nikolayevich middot Tolstoy (левниколаевичтолстой) He also tried to create "the first-class works in world literature" with his powerful brushwork and superb artistic skills, so he was praised by Lenin as "a genius artist with the most vivid realism".
"War and Peace" describes the whole process of the Russian-French war in 18 12. Taking the activities of the four big noble families as clues, it reflects many important historical events and the real life of all social strata during the period of 1805- 1820, criticizes those nobles who have elegant words but ignore the fate of the motherland, and praises the younger generation.
12. Ralph Waldo Emerson's prose (Emerson's prose)
Emerson's Selected Prose translated thirty-six of the most wonderful chapters in his prose, such as nature, self-confidence, correct reading methods, meaning of action, art, beauty, love, self-cultivation, self-help and success. Historians call him "the prophet and explorer of New England". What is more commendable is that his thoughts and articles still make people feel fresh and hearty.
Emerson is good at expressing profound philosophy with simple language and simple and vivid metaphors. His articles, like his speeches, are magnificent, unconstrained and inspiring. Historians call him "the prophet and explorer of New England". What is more commendable is that his thoughts and articles still make people feel fresh and hearty.
13. Wuthering Heights by emily bronte
Wuthering Heights is one of the most impressive "black heroes" novels in the world. This paper describes the story of Heathcliff, a gypsy outcast, who went out to get rich because of humiliation and unsuccessful love after being adopted by the old owner of the villa, and came back to retaliate against Linton, the landlord who married his girlfriend Catherine, and his children. At first, it was regarded as a naive fantasy of young women writers divorced from reality, but combined with the fierce class struggle in the region and the social phenomenon in Britain, it was quickly highly affirmed by critics and warmly welcomed by readers. This book is one of the "masterpieces of foreign literature" series, which retains the original flavor of the English version and is worth reading.
Content abstract: At the end of 18, a sad love story happened at Wuthering Heights in the distant York region. Heathcliff and Catherine grew up in two of a kind, but Catherine married the gentle and rich Linton. Heathcliff left angrily and took revenge on the Lintons a few years later, but he also lost his beloved Catherine forever. Ghosts wander around Wuthering Heights as if there will never be peace &; hellip& amphellip
14. Complete Works of william shakespeare (Complete Works of Shakespeare)
The complete works of Shakespeare are 1623. Shakespeare's fellow actors did their best to compile and publish the first book in history-the famous first folio, which is the favorite Shakespeare text of many directors and actors for more than 300 years. More than three centuries later, at the invitation of the Royal Shakespeare Company, two of the most famous Shakespeare experts in the world today. Jonathan Bate and Eric Rasmussen adopted the latest research methods and achievements to make the first comprehensive revision of first folio. This new complete works of Shakespeare, with Shakespeare's handwriting as the cover background, is dedicated to readers in China in the 2nd/kloc-0th century.
15. Apologize, Critto, and Plato's Socrates Phaedo (Socrates' complaint, Critto's chapter, Phaedo)&; Ndash Socrates was tried and condemned for being accused of heresy and corrupting young people's thoughts, which was a decisive moment in the history of classical Athens. Through four dialogues to explain these events, Plato also developed his own philosophy, based on Socrates and Socrates. Rsquo's self-responsibility oriented life declaration.
Plato's Note: Socrates' complaint tells that in 399 BC, a young man named Morites sued the philosopher Socrates in Athens, saying that he didn't believe in the polis god, introduced new elves and corrupted the youth. So Socrates was summoned and made a famous defense in front of a jury of 500 people. But the defense did not save Socrates' life. He was finally sentenced to death. The death of Socrates and the death of Jesus laid two basic colors of western civilization. Socrates' death became the core event in the history of western philosophy, which was first attributed to Plato's apology to Socrates.
16. Plato's seminar (Plato's seminar)
Reading Plato's works as plays is not only an ingenious "creative betrayal" that people appreciate at present, but also a return to Plato himself. Understanding Plato from the dramatic characteristics of Plato's dialogue is not only the requirement of the text itself, but also the premise of entering Plato's rich and diverse discourse system. Since life itself can't be summed up in one sentence, Plato used drama instead of paper to express himself, precisely to present and ask questions more comprehensively and vividly, so that most people can only be satisfied with vivid stories on the surface, so that careful and intelligent readers can understand "whispers" and ignore its "meaning".
17. Dante's Divine Comedy (Divine Comedy)
The Divine Comedy is rich in meaning. It quoted the Bible, classical works of Greek and Roman times and Thomas &; Middot Aquinas' theology: there are superficial plot levels, fables, myths and symbols; Talk about human sin and human redemption; Both micro and macro; It not only discusses the various forces of gods, heaven and the universe, but also comprehensively describes western civilization, which has a great influence on later literature. No wonder Eliot praised the whole Divine Comedy, only all Shakespeare's plays can match it.
Introduction to Divine Comedy 1: Hell: Dante &; Middot, the greatest Italian poet, Alighieri, together with Shakespeare and Goethe, is called the three world-class geniuses in the history of western European literature. Dante completed the Divine Comedy in more than ten years &; Mdash & mdash14233 lines of classical long poems. This book is divided into three parts: hell, purgatory and heaven. The main story is: Dante got lost in the black forest, got Virgil's help when he was in danger, followed him through hell and purgatory, and then visited heaven under the guidance of Betty Cai Li himself, and finally met God. This is a journey of magic, novelty, terror, adventure and wisdom.
18. Paradise Lost by john milton
It reveals the original sin and depravity of human beings with epic grandeur. Satan, the rebellious god in the poem, was sent to hell for resisting the authority of God, but he never gave in and sought revenge in the Garden of Eden. Adam and Eve were lured by Satan's possessed snake and stole the fruit of the tree of knowledge forbidden by God. Finally, Satan and his companions were turned into snakes, and Adam and Eve were expelled from the Garden of Eden. This poem embodies the poet's lofty spirit of pursuing freedom and is a very important work in the history of world literature and thought!
19. George Bernard Shaw's "Flower Girl"
There are many strange things about gambling in the world. Do you know a bet story written by the great writer Bernard Shaw? A mathematician of noble birth happened to meet a flower girl. He made a bet with his good friend that this girl, who was born in poverty and full of dialect, would rise to the upper class within three months. So he really started this crazy experiment &; Mdash& ampmdash Do everything possible to cultivate this girl and change her pronunciation, pronunciation, way of speaking, behavior and even a look and a smile to meet the standards of a gentleman. Repackage her from head to toe like this, and let her be beautiful, elegant and radiant at a dinner gathering of ladies &; hellip& amphellip
Did he win the bet? What was the test result? What is the fate of that girl? Bernard Shaw's world-famous play will bring many "unexpected"&; hellip& amphellip
20. walt whitman's Leaves of Grass
Leaves of Grass is a collection of works by Whitman, an American writer in the 19th century, and it is also a brilliant milestone in the history of American poetry. The work contains rich and profound ideological content, which fully reflects the American zeitgeist in the middle of19th century.
In Leaves of Grass, there is a pantheistic praise of nature and self. Pantheism worships nature and regards everything in nature as a god. This poem strongly praises the magnificence, magic and greatness of nature. It is a kind of grass growing all over the United States, always full of vitality and emitting attractive fragrance.
It is a world-famous masterpiece, which initiated a new era of American national poetry. The author made a bold innovation in the form of poetry, created a "free body" poetry form, broke the traditional poetry rhythm, and took punctuation as the basis of rhythm. The rhythm is free and unrestrained, Wang Yang is free and unrestrained, with a torrent of momentum and all-encompassing capacity.