When did kowtowing to the emperor begin?

This was in the period of Liu Bang in the Western Han Dynasty. I extracted a passage from Mr. Bai Yang's Outline of China People's History.

After Liu Bang became emperor, his ministers and generals were all underworld friends from the beginning.

In the palace, just like in Liu Bang's house in the past, I ate and drank, sang loudly when I was drunk, and drew my sword and cut the column.

Children's entertainment. Not only is it a mess, but there is also a danger that it may be used by careerists. Liu bang knows that it should be corrected.

But he doesn't know how to correct it. Here comes the opportunity for Confucianism, which is their specialty. A doctor's great-uncle.

Tong asked him to make a ceremony to welcome the emperor-the "grand ceremony" for short. Liu Bang's complexity and triviality to Confucianism,

Deeply alert, so he ordered; "You can try, but it should be simple and do it within my power."

Uncle specially went to Qufu, the capital of Lu and the birthplace of Confucianism, and invited more than 30 experts, together with his own door.

More than 100 people, * * * have rules and regulations, and exercise. In a month, ministers and generals will be assembled for the exercise. reach

In the first year of this century (the first two years) (the first two years), Changle Palace was completed, welcomed by ministers, and the "court ceremony" was officially opened.

Under the guidance of court officials, ministers and generals entered the temple (palace, referring to the whole building; A temple is a part of a palace.

Floor), divided into two classes, sitting in the hatchback (then sitting, kneeling, one

It was not until the 9th century that chairs and stools became popular in China. The guard officer stood behind the minister and the general.

Then I heard a series of officials, from far to near, announce: "The emperor is here." Liu Bang sat with a special servant.

Pulling the "chariot", like a lens on the stage, appears at the right time and slowly. Palace officials guided ministers and generals.

Read out the congratulations they have recited in the order of official positions. At this time, in the palace.

Quiet and solemn, everyone was shocked. Then, the banquet began, and ministers and generals leaned forward and looked up.

No one is allowed to stand up straight and look straight ahead-he must climb underground and then raise his neck and eyebrows.

Look at that. This is a wretched gesture that makes people feel goose bumps and feel sorry for themselves, but Confucianism is using it to express kings.

Noble and humble. During the dinner, Liu Bang, an old rascal who became the emperor, was toasted to celebrate his birthday.

Nine times in a row. Finally, the court official announced loudly: "The banquet is over." The inspector (suggestion) appeared and moved.

As an irregular minister and general, he was expelled from the temple one by one, accused of "misconduct", impeached and demanded.

Punishment. This situation is often just a fine, but the emperor can also take this opportunity to be dismissed or beheaded. what

It was a party, and no one dared to make any noise. Liu Bang was overjoyed and said, "God, I didn't get it until today.

Know the prestige of being an emperor. "Immediately promote uncle Sun Tong as one of the nine Qing" serve often "(sacrifice), enjoy the yellow.

With 500 Jin of gold, the disciples were promoted one by one. Those disciples who have been poor and desperate for a long time can't help it.

Praise their teacher loudly: "Uncle Sun Tong is really a saint."

Since then, the emperor has become the most proud masterpiece of Confucianism, not only for the people, but also for the most distinguished ministers.

"toward one", separated by a distance. During the Warring States period, the monarch and his subjects sat face to face, knees touching knees and talking.

Generation, no longer appear in China, the imperial regime has entered a dead end that can never be turned back. Western tyrants and the East

This is the difference between the autocratic monarchs of Fang.