The first four sentences always write about the characteristics of autumn festivals and their psychological reflection on people. Write the chill of autumn first in the first two sentences. "Mid-Autumn Moon" is the August of the lunar calendar and a typical autumn day. At this time, the weather turns cold, first frost rises gradually, and everything withers, hence the name "bleak". "Storm is high" means that the clouds are light and the sky is high, and the autumn wind bursts. Rage is the wind. Seasonal climate, who is so bleak, will naturally have an induction in people's psychology: "The feeling of living in the mountains changes from time to time, and distant guests are prosperous." People living in the mountains will first feel the change of this time series; People who travel far easily feel sad and homesick, so that they have to sing loudly to relieve their sadness. This layer is a general impression of autumn and a concrete description of Zhang Ben and autumn scenery.
The next six sentences are the second meaning, writing my feelings about seasons and climate change. "The sparse forest accumulates cool wind, and the empty cloud condenses" means that the cold wind keeps blowing in the sparse forest and thick clouds gather on the empty mountain, which is the change of the mountain forest. "Zhanlou sprinkles the courtyard forest, and dense leaves bid farewell to glory" means that thick dew falls on the trees in the courtyard and dense leaves fall from the lush branches, which is a change in the courtyard. Although this ruthless killing spirit is irresistible, the time and degree of destruction by it are different, that is, their respective qualities and resistance are different, so they immediately added two sentences: "The sorrow of bacteria first falls, and then declines." Fungus is a plant with a short life span. Zhuangzi once said, "I don't know what will happen to auricularia auricula", so the author caressed it and mourned it. The pine tree is not afraid of the cold, and the autumn wind does not harm it. The author can't help climbing its branches and leaves and casting envious eyes. Although this layer describes the common scenery in front of us, it is fine and vivid, and the poet is moved by it, sentimental and amazed, which shows that he observes this "change of time" not with the cold eyes of philosophers, but with the feelings of poets, that is to say, the poet paints this sad picture of autumn with a warm heart, so it is full of poetry.
Pine and cypress are symbols of noble qualities. The poet envied pine trees in the previous sentence. Although he wrote about scenery, his personal interest has been revealed. The last four sentences turned to express his feelings. "I love you in the forest, but my friendship is far away from the city", which means that in this autumn, despite the bleak nature, I am still willing to throw myself into its arms, go fishing in the wild on the edge of the forest, and cut off contact with the court and the city that are vying for fame and gain. Why is this happening? Because "indifferent to the ancient heart, how far is it from the city", it means that as long as we look at the complicated world indifferently, have no expectations for others, be hard on ourselves, and keep the mind of the ancients, then we are not far from the realm of inaction and adaptation. On the City is written by Zhuangzi's Autumn Water, in which Zhuangzi and Hui Shi wandered around the city (now Fengyang, Anhui Province) and saw minnows swimming leisurely, which caused a debate about whether fish knew happiness. Later generations called the city a place of leisure, and regarded advocating Laozi and Zhuangzi as the wind on the city. These two sentences are about metaphysics and emptiness, and they are also the main idea of the whole article. Taoism believes that all social norms such as etiquette, music and morality, as well as people's organized actions and exchanges, are strangling human nature, so it is necessary to get rid of the shackles of all systems and civilizations and take adaptation and return to the truth as the lifelong pursuit goal. It is this spirit that is celebrated here.
Although Sun Chuo's poems also involve Hyunri, they are not indifferent and tasteless. First of all, on the basis of the description of autumn scenery and the resulting sadness and admiration, the author praised the city's features. This is a common irony in the art of poetry, so it naturally has artistic appeal. Secondly, what Hyunri involved in this poem is not to explain the specific teachings of Taoism, but only to show a feeling of returning to Taoism, and expressing feelings is the bounden duty of poetry, from which poetry comes, which is also the reason why this poem is full of poetry.
Of course, although this poem also writes more about landscapes and wild autumn scenery, it still belongs to metaphysical poetry, not landscape poetry, because it neither regards sightseeing as the process and means of describing scenery nor natural scenery as the main object of aesthetic observation. However, Sun Chuo himself loves mountains and rivers, and his ability to describe mountains and rivers is superb (for example, his Poem of Tiantai Mountain is written in Building), and he also "uses mountains and rivers to relieve depression" (Preface to Lanting Poetry on March 3), so he should pay special attention to the natural scenery (including mountains and rivers) in his poems. This poem uses autumn scenery to express the yearning for the upper hand in the city, that is, to solve the depression in his chest, which is similar to the landscape poem that arose after "Lao Zhuang's Farewell". More specifically, metaphysics, which is called vague and vague, also has its concern about the way of nature and the harmony between man and nature. Metaphysical poetry, as a form of metaphysical poetry, has a tendency to focus on understanding Hyunri from the natural landscape, that is, to try to make the natural landscape and people's thoughts harmonious. It is the continuous development and extension of this tendency that eventually appeared landscape poems with landscape as the center and Hyunri as the "tail". In Sun Chuo's poems, it is clarified that Hyunri is still the theme of the poem, but talking about metaphysics is already the "tail" of the length. Therefore, this poem should be realistic if it contains some elements or buds of landscape poetry.