May 2022 16, 20:00-2 1:30
lecturer
Jiang Lan-Doctor of Classical Literature and Master of Educational Technology in China.
Speech place
Tencent conference APP
0 1 Inspiration from Poetry
Now let's start with a few questions:
1. When did the ancients learn poetry?
A: I started learning at the age of 3 to 4, starting with reciting the three-character classics, then the Book of Songs, a hundred schools of thought and so on. Learn to recite first.
2. Why are there so many ancient prodigies? "
Answer: Not high IQ, but family environment and social environment, as well as early enlightenment. These are secondary reasons. One of the important reasons is that there was an exam for boys in ancient times. In the Han dynasty, young talents were worshipped as boy lang (12- 16 years old) and given official positions; After the Tang Dynasty, imperial examinations were specially held for boys. Anyone under the age of 0/0 in Tang Dynasty 15 in Song Dynasty15, who can understand the classics and write poetry and fu, can take the exam, and then be born and awarded an official position.
In ancient times, children were enlightened early, family attached importance to them, and social environment influenced them. It is not surprising that they can write poems at the age of seven.
3. Social atmosphere
What was the purpose of ancient people learning poetry?
A: When I was a child, I passed the exam in order to be famous in the boy scout exam and was regarded as a "child prodigy". I not only got the honor, but also got a certain official position. Therefore, the ancient social atmosphere created a good atmosphere for learning poetry.
Under such circumstances, the ancients asked their children to learn poetry because they all hoped that their children would become decent, speak politely and not be laughed at by others in the future.
Poems of several ancient prodigies
The first song is Luo's Ode to Goose.
At that time, a guest came to his house and saw that he was clever and intended to test him. He pointed to the white goose in the pond and asked him to write a poem.
After a little thinking, he sang "Goose, Goose, Goose, Xiang Tiange". White hair floating green water, red palm stirring clear waves. "This is the eternal swan song.
The first sentence is sound and hearing. The second sentence is form and action. The third and fourth sentences are right, color and action. The whole poem is full of images.
The second song, anonymous "Send Brother"
At the beginning of the road, the leaves in the pavilion were very thin.
Unlike geese, people don't travel.
This poem is included in The Whole Tang Poetry. The author is a seven-year-old girl. Her surname is unknown. She only knows that she may come from Wuhou period and her hometown is in Nanhai, so she is famous for her talent. Wu Hou summoned her and ordered her to write a poem entitled "Farewell to Brother".
The first sentence of the poem comes straight to the point and says goodbye.
The pun of "the cloud rises at the beginning" not only describes the foggy environment at that time, but also implies that the poet was upset because of his departure.
In the second sentence, the words "off the pavilion" and "off the road" echo each other. Although it is a simple text, the whole parting environment is vividly on the paper.
And "Ye Zhengxi" is also a dual-purpose, which not only points out the season-autumn, but also renders the bleak atmosphere and means farewell.
Three or four sentences use scenery to express feelings, and flocks of geese are used to reflect the grief that she and her brother can't go back together.
The whole poem is only 20 words short, but it vividly expresses the feeling of parting, which is very natural and profound. Seemingly dull, it contains countless deep feelings. Even Gao Yun, a writer of the Ming Dynasty who has always been critical, can't help but praise "How can a woman have this magnanimity" in "Three Hundred Collations of Tang Poems".
The third song, "Fu Crescent Moon" by Miao Shizi in Tang Dynasty.
The crescent moon, like a bow, is clearly hanging in the sky before half a circle.
People should not underestimate that it is like a curved eyebrow. By the evening of 15, it will reunite, perfect and light up the world.
This poem expresses emotion with scenery and expresses the heroic spirit of the author who is ambitious and ready to achieve the great cause of saving the world and benefiting the people. The little author of this poem expresses his great ambition by chanting the new moon.
Another meaning of the poem is that although I am still young, I will do great things to shine the world when I grow up.
Compare yourself to the moon instead of winding it. Compare the emperor to Bixiao. Although I am still young, I will treat him like the moon of the fifteenth, and my reunion will be complete and shine all over the world.
One of the three children's poems is better than the other. One is in the scene, one is in the mood, and the other is expressing his wishes.
Summary of the first lesson: the quality of poetry is not as hazy as possible. A good poem must be expressed accurately, with emotion and scenery blending, and with things to support the ambition. As the saying goes, there are endless words.