How to teach junior high school prose well

Prose occupies a certain space in junior high school textbooks. How to teach this kind of articles well and improve the classroom effect is an unavoidable topic for Chinese teachers. In the face of a composition, how should teachers handle it properly and how far should students learn to understand it? Different people have different opinions. As we all know, prose is difficult to teach, but teaching prose is a pleasure. Teaching prose can best show teachers' talents, collide with students' wisdom and share joys and sorrows with the author. If the teaching art is developed to the extreme, it will be an unspeakable pleasure to walk out of the classroom. For a long time, I have been trying to find this teaching realm of prose, trying to construct my own classroom teaching theory, and finally found a way out-not only to meet the requirements of the new curriculum, but also to stand the test of the exam, and at the same time to be operable. Are there any similarities between the three? I have a few ideas. Prose belongs to literary works and should be treated according to the appreciation of literary works in teaching. To appreciate literary works, the first task is to understand the image of the works, the second is to grasp the author's emotions, and the third is to analyze the text language and artistic techniques. Generally speaking, as far as an article is concerned, the teaching of prose is nothing more than the teaching purpose of these three aspects; As far as the purpose of unit teaching is concerned, through the teaching of a model essay, we should teach students how to read this kind of essay, master the basic characteristics of this style, cultivate students' interest in reading prose and cultivate their aesthetic interest. In addition, junior high school students' ability to perceive language is relatively poor. In teaching, we should strengthen reading, read fluently first, then read the author's feelings and read our own feelings. Accumulation can not be ignored, and it is best to be familiar with reciting famous works. Speaking of which, this is teaching kung fu. In my opinion, to teach prose well, we must first master the stylistic features of prose. Prose is characterized by a wide range of themes and sincere feelings; Free form and flexible writing; Language washing is simple and natural; Short and pithy, scattered in form and gathered in spirit. Secondly, we should master the basic routines of prose teaching. Prose often expresses "confession" in the first person, vividly expressing "my" thoughts and feelings, inner world, emotional changes and psychological experience. Therefore, prose teaching should pay attention to the combination of clues, the eye of the text, the distinct self and personality in the text, and the image and spiritual feelings. Third, to teach prose well, we must have the excellent ability to read the text with emotion and emotion. Teachers' high-level model essay reading can create a good classroom atmosphere, help to infect students and arouse their enthusiasm. For all operational things, we should pay attention to a way, a method and an order. Prose teaching, I think we should sing a trilogy in an orderly way: 1, the perception of image. Prose, whether narrative prose, lyric prose or reasoning prose, is generally lyrical and freehand by describing specific images (scenery, things, people and things). It is the first step to understand the context of the article and grasp the image characteristics of the article as a whole by reading the text. 2. Grasp the emotions. The perception of image is only a formal perception of the text content, and then it needs to be deeply dissected to grasp the theme of the article and the author's emotion as a whole through the connection of background, the capture of emotional points and the connection of emotional lines. 3. Appreciate the language. The exquisiteness of prose is embodied in profound thoughts and feelings, ingenious layout, colorful expression, refined and vivid wording and sentences. There are few aspects involved in prose teaching. On the premise of having a macro understanding of the content, thoughts and feelings of the article, if we can carefully ponder and chew the expression and application of the language and tell the subtleties of the article, then we can read in the true sense. The process of trying to figure out chewing has a process from finding problems to asking questions and then solving them. The process of getting the answer is not only ruminating on the article, but also developing one's own thinking. Trying to figure out chewing can also use association to carry out divergent thinking around the connotation of the article. This appreciation can also be said to be a process of cultivating readers' own thoughts and temperament. Of course, in the process of discussing "image", "emotion" and "language" in turn, "reading aloud", the most traditional teaching method, can not be ignored, but should run through. Various forms of "reading aloud" help students get familiar with the text and enliven the classroom. "If you read a book a hundred times, you will understand its meaning." Prose is particularly important to read. Only by reading more can we taste the charm and true feelings hidden between the lines and appreciate the subtlety of the article. If beautiful chapters and paragraphs can be read and recited, it will be of great benefit to enrich students' literary literacy and improve their writing level. So, how to classify prose? I think it can be divided into three categories: narrative, lyrical description of scenery (things) and argumentative prose. Narrative prose is an essay with narrative as the main form of expression, people and events as the main objects of expression, and lyrical and freehand narration by writers. Landscape lyric prose is a kind of prose with description and lyric as the main forms of expression, supplemented by narration, discussion and explanation, with humanistic environment, natural landscape and specific objects as the main contents, and paying attention to the author's subjective emotional expression; Prose essay refers to the prose used to express the author's ideological achievements and to show a rational interest and philosophical thinking. Another feature of prose is the beauty of language. Literature is a language art. It should be said that no matter what genre of literary works, there is no shortage of language beauty, but the language beauty of prose is more prominent. In different types of prose works, the expression of language beauty is different: prose describing scenery is generally a gorgeous and elegant beauty, such as moonlight on the lotus pond by Zhu Ziqing and Emerald Night by Xu Zhimo. This kind of beauty is explicit and flamboyant, and its aesthetic feeling is often like the fragrance of gardenia. The linguistic beauty of narrative prose is generally vivid beauty in description or tension beauty in narration. Its beauty needs careful examination, friction and weighing; It hides the loom and originality in plain language, just like a chick crouching in the weeds. Essays on essays are generally a rigorous, concise and incisive beauty. Its beauty lies in reason and interest, in philosophical thinking and the light of thought. The linguistic beauty of prose determines the important position of reading aloud in its teaching. The more beautiful the language, the more important reading is. The degree of reading enhancement should be determined according to the linguistic beauty of each paragraph. Teachers should be good at using various reading forms flexibly to keep students' interest in reading and avoid students' boredom caused by repeated reading. The third * * * of prose is the explicit emotion. Any literary work should express the author's feelings, but novels are forbearing, and some modern poems are hazy and even gloomy. Only the feelings in prose can't be forbearing and gloomy. Prose is a style that is the easiest to see people's heart and temperament. Let's talk about the personality of different types of prose other than * * *- 1, which is a kind of narrative prose. This kind of prose is closer to novels; Therefore, when teaching this kind of prose, we should learn from some methods of novel teaching: 1, pay attention to character analysis; For example, when teaching Mr. Fujino, it is very important to analyze the character image of Mr. Fujino. 2. Pay attention to details; 3. Pay attention to using descriptive methods. In the "reciting" lesson above, we must grasp several "hesitations" and several "finally", especially the details such as father climbing the stage to buy oranges, so that students can realize the prominent role of the appearance description and action description in the sixth paragraph in the full text. Otherwise, the touching "back" is beyond your touch, and the heavy fatherly love will be gently taught by you. Prose about scenery. In the teaching of this kind of prose, we should pay attention to the revelation and understanding of symbols, objects, aspirations, contrast and other means of expression. Structurally, we should sort out the picture, level, action and reality. The picture includes colors and lines, and the levels are far and near. This kind of prose has obvious advantages in general language, so we should pay special attention to the taste of language. In this kind of prose, the analysis of rhetorical devices is essential. Reading aloud is particularly important in the teaching of this kind of prose. Prose essay The teaching of this kind of prose should guide students to understand their artistic beauty, philosophical beauty and ideological beauty. We should fully expand humanity, pay attention to the connection between text content and social reality, and pay attention to the collision between ideas.