Tianjin Sha Qiu Si
Dead vines, old trees, faint crows,
Small bridges and flowing water.
The ancient road, the west wind and the thin horse,
The sun went down,
Heartbroken people are at the end of the world.
Tianjingsha Qiu Si Translation
At dusk, a group of crows landed on an old tree with withered vines and made a piercing cry.
Under the small bridge, the running water jingles, and the farmhouse next to the small bridge raises smoke.
On the ancient road, a thin horse struggled against the west wind.
The sunset gradually lost its luster and set from the west.
On a cold night, only heartbroken people wander in the distance.
Appreciation of Tianjin Sha Qiu Si
The first two sentences, "Old vines faint crows, small bridges flowing water", give people a cold and hazy atmosphere, and show a fresh and quiet realm. The withered vines here give people a bleak feeling, faint, pointing out that it is dusk; Small bridges and flowing water make people feel relaxed and happy. 12 calligraphy and painting create a quiet pastoral scenery in late autumn. The ancient road is thin with the west wind, and people describe a bleak and desolate artistic conception of autumn wind, adding another layer of desolation to the quiet rural map. The setting sun adds a bit of bleak light to this bleak picture and deepens the sad atmosphere. The poet skillfully connects ten plain and objective scenes in series, and through the words of withered, old, light, ancient, western and thin, the poet's' infinite sadness' naturally resides in the picture. In the last sentence, heartbroken people are the crowning touch in the horizon. At this time, a wandering wanderer appeared on the picture of the country in late autumn. On the desolate ancient road at sunset, he walked with a thin horse in the biting autumn wind, heartbroken, but he didn't know where his home was, revealing the poet's sad feelings and expressing the theme appropriately. This poem takes a sentimental attitude. Similar to this song is Du Fu's poem "Where petals flow like tears, lonely birds sing their grief".
This poem by Ma Zhiyuan, in just 28 words, has profound meaning, exquisite structure, ups and downs, cadence and sonorous rhyme, and penetrates the soul. Its radiant artistic charm has fascinated many literati and poets in ancient and modern times. The implication of the song is that it not only "gained the wonderful scenery of the quatrains of the Tang Dynasty (The Legend of the World)", but also has the elegant nature of the Song lyrics. It has always been regarded as a masterpiece describing nature, and it can be called "the father of Qiu Si" (Rhyme of the Central Plains). Wang Guowei even praised his Qiu Si as the best poem. It depicts a wandering wanderer's lonely and helpless situation at dusk in late autumn and his sad mood of missing his hometown. You see: when the sun sets, crows return to their nests, by the bridge, farmers go home; On the desolate ancient road, in the autumn wind, our hero is tired and thin, walking alone, where to spend the night and where to go tomorrow? It is still unknown. Why not make him sad and homesick! The whole song does not contain an "autumn", but it describes the bleak and desolate scene of late autumn; I don't need a "thought", but I write my homesickness and worries incisively and vividly. As the saying goes: "Without saying a word, you are happy." At the beginning of the poem, "The old vine is a faint crow" and "On the branches of the old vine, several crows are standing by the nest", which shows readers a bleak and cold scene of late autumn and tightly grips their heartstrings. "Rattan", "tree" and "crow" are common scenery in rural areas, nothing special. But once they are combined with "withered", "old" and "faint", a bleak and cold atmosphere immediately rises between the lines and hangs over the readers' hearts. Coupled with the smooth conversion and the coordination of phonology, the poet turns his pen and the reader's eyes follow him to the distance. A group of pictures full of peaceful and quiet life were displayed in front of us, and our high tension was relieved and we took a long breath. This is not only a poetic description of the distant scenery, but also shows the wandering poets' yearning for a leisurely and quiet pastoral life. In the use of flat tones, the combination of "flat-flat-flat-flat-flat" is adopted, which makes the tone cheerful and gentle because of the change of flat tones. As a result, "small bridge flowing water" has become an eternal quatrain describing poetic pastoral life. "The ancient road and the west wind are thin horses." As soon as the poet's pen closes, it pulls us back from the beautiful longing and yearning to the helpless reality: the ancient road is bleak, the west wind is dying, and the thin horse is endless. Whether you like it or not, people are in the Jianghu and can't help themselves. The journey around the world has to continue. As soon as the voice changed, the breath changed from soothing to short, showing the poet's angry mood, and our mood became tense involuntarily. "Sunset" and "Pingping" Our hearts are once again picked up by the poet: Tonight, when the sun sets and the twilight is shrouded, where will the tired poet stay? Where are you going tomorrow? "Heartbroken people are at the end of the world." At this time, the poet's sadness was beyond words. It was a deep sadness that made him frown and returned to his heart, so the poet sighed and ended. "Sad traveler, wandering in a distant foreign land." Is it sad? Is it loneliness? Is it sadness? Is it helpless? Still helpless? It seems that there are both. This is not only the poet's emotion and sigh about his life experience, but also a powerful questioning and ruthless exposure of the dark reality at that time. At first glance, the whole poem is purely sketched and carefully pondered, but it is full of metaphors. What is rare is that the words are refined and accurate, the structure is exquisite and ingenious, and the meaning is profound and extensive.
This poem contains feelings in the scenery and vividly shows the sorrow of a long-term exile in a foreign land. The syntax of this poem is very unique. The first three lines are all composed of noun phrases, and one * * * lists nine kinds of scenery, which is concise and meaningful. The word "heartbreak" is very poetic. It expresses that a wandering wanderer misses his hometown in autumn and is tired of wandering. This poem expresses feelings for things, and vividly depicts sad feelings through vivid images of many natural scenery and strong colors in late autumn.
About the author:
Ma Zhiyuan (1250-132 1 year), whose name is Dongli (once said, the word is far-reaching, and later named Dongli), is a Han nationality, and there are many (now Beijing, there are objections). His age was later than Guan Hanqing and Bai Pu, and his birth year was before Zhiyuan (starting at 1264). His death year was between Zhi Zhi and Taiding's first year (132 1- 1324), and he was called "the four masters of Yuanqu" with Guan Hanqing, Zheng Guangzu and Bai Pu.