Send friends to the blue mountains north of the Great Wall and the white waterline east of the city. Here we say goodbye to each other, and you, like losing your father, are floating in the wind and traveling far away. Floating clouds are like wanderers, like wandering, and the sunset slowly goes down the mountain, which seems to be nostalgic. With a wave of his hand, he will be separated from now on, and his friend on horseback will carry him on a long journey, blowing a long wind, as if reluctant to leave.
This is a poetic farewell poem. The poet and his friends rode away, affectionate and touching. Besides to Wang Lun, Li Bai's farewell poem is the most famous. This poem has always been very popular and has been selected into primary school textbooks for many times. It is one of the ancient poems that primary school students must recite. The first couplet, "The mountains in the north are blue and the water in the east is white", points out the farewell place. The poet has sent his friends out of the city, but they are still together and unwilling to part. In the distance, I saw the green hills across the north of the outer city, and the sparkling river gurgled around the east of the city. These two sentences "Qingshan" versus "Baishui" and "Northland" versus "Dongcheng" are beautiful and unique in the first couplet. And "green" and "white" alternate with each other, and the colors are bright and beautiful. The word "horizontal" outlines the static posture of Qingshan, and the word "around" depicts the dynamics of Baishui, with accurate and vivid words. Poems and pens are freely written, depicting a vast and beautiful picture. I didn't see the word "don't", but I savored it carefully, and the pen was clearly full of other feelings. The two couplets in the middle are related to each other and write about the deep feelings of parting. Zhuan Xu said, "You must leave me here and float away like a loose grass", which means that when you leave here, you will fly like a loose grass and go thousands of miles away with the wind. These two sentences express deep concern for the wandering life of friends. Put pen to paper like running water, comfortable and natural, not constrained by antithesis, unique. The necklace couplet "I will think of you in the clouds, so I will think of me in the sunset", but it is neatly written, "floating clouds" to "sunset" and "wandering" to "old human feelings". At the same time, the poet skillfully compares "floating clouds" with "sunset" to show his mind. A touch of white clouds in the sky, floating in the wind, symbolizes the uncertainty and arbitrariness of friends; A red sun slowly sets in the distance, which seems to be unbearable to leave the earth suddenly, which symbolizes the poet's mood of saying goodbye to his friends. Seeing "Farewell" under the background of beautiful scenery and the sun shining in the west makes the poet feel nostalgic and inseparable. There are both scenery and feelings here, and the scenes are mixed and colorful. The end of the sentence is more affectionate. "We waved goodbye and my horse kept neighing." A thousand miles to send you, not never say goodbye. "Waving" refers to the act of parting. The poet's inner feelings are not straightforward, only the touching scene of "and my horse screams". This sentence comes from "The Book of Songs Xiao Ya Chegong": "A?vagho?a." Bama, a lost horse. The poet and his friends waved goodbye at once and greeted them frequently. Two horses seem to know their master's mood and are unwilling to leave their companions. When they left, they couldn't help whistling, as if they had infinite affection. Li Bai used classical poetry and the word "half" to bring forth the new and set off romantic friendship, which was a wonderful handwriting. This farewell poem is novel and unconventional. The green mountains, clear water, flaming sunset and white clouds in the poem are in harmony and bright colors. The horse is ringing, and the image is fresh and lively. Natural beauty and humanistic beauty are intertwined and vividly written. The rhythm of the poem is lively, the feelings are sincere, warm and optimistic, and there is no lingering sadness. This is the characteristic of Li Bai's farewell poems, which the critics deeply appreciate.
"I heard that Wang Changling moved Long Biaoyao to the left with this letter" is a good poem written by Li Bai to express anger and comfort for his friend Wang Changling's demotion. Wang Changling is also a bright star in the poetry circle in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and he is famous for writing frontier fortress themes, especially for his seven wonders. In the early days of Tianbao, Li Bai had close contact with Hanlin when he offered sacrifices to him in Chang 'an. Wang Changling had a rough life and his personality was similar to that of Li Bai. The time when Wang Changling was reduced to the Dragon Mark is uncertain. Some people speculate that it was1Tianbao period in 978. Li Bai left Beijing for three years from Tianbao, and now he is in Yangzhou. Hearing the sad news, he wrote a poem to express his feelings and sent it to friends far away.
Portrait: Li Bai and Du Fu are together.
What am I doing here? A city of sand dunes with high terrain. There are ancient trees on the edge of the city, and autumn sounds ring day and night. Lu wine is not drunk, so sing a song for nothing. If you think of a gentleman, you will send him to the south.
This poem was written in the autumn of 746 (that is, four years in Tianbao and five years in Tianbao). In the spring of 744 (the third year of Tianbao), Li Bai left Chang 'an and began to wander. In Luoyang, I met Du Fu who is 33 years old but has not yet entered the official career, and they traveled together. In the autumn of the same year, Li Bai, Du Fu and Gao Shi met in Liangyuan (Shangqiu, Henan) and traveled with them to Zhu Meng (Shanxian, Shandong) and qi zhou (Jinan). After the break-up, Li Bai went to the palace to ask Tianshi Gao to give him a formal ceremony and become a monk. Du Fu failed to find the Taoist priest. The following autumn, the two met again on East Road. The two hit it off, and they became so close that they "drunk in autumn and walked hand in hand" ("Living in Seclusion with Li Xun"). Soon they broke up, Du Fuxi went to Chang 'an, and Li Bai also traveled east to wuyue. We haven't seen each other since.
Editorial appreciation of this work
The friendship between Li Bai and Du Fu is a precious page in the history of China literature. Among the existing poems of Li Bai, only two poems written directly for Du Fu are recognized. One is "The Army sent Du Fudong to Shimen", and the other is this poem. This is the eternal story of Li Bai, a "poetic fairy", and Du Fu, a "poetic sage". Dune City, located on the bank of Wenshui in Shandong Province, is where Li Bai stayed in the middle of Shandong Province. The poet bid farewell to Du Fu and returned to the sand dunes alone from a life full of friendship and joy, feeling lonely and the value of friendship. This poem is to express the feelings of "thinking of the monarch" that cannot be ignored in this situation. At first, the poet used a lot of pen and ink to write about his life, the surrounding environment of his residence and his mood. There is neither the word "thinking" nor the word "jun" in the first six sentences of the poem, which gives the reader a feeling of being at a loss, and it is not until the end of the poem that the word "thinking of jun" is suddenly realized. There is not a sentence in the poem that doesn't say "I miss you", which is stronger than the couplet, so that in the end, I can't express my feelings directly. The smoke of the first six sentences became the foil of the last two sentences. Such an idea can not only create momentum for the theme of poetry from all angles and feelings, but also endow those daily life events with rich poetry. The poem says, "What am I doing here?" This is the poet's own problem, which is quite a bit of unspeakable indignation and regret. This will attract readers' attention and cause suspense. "High-lying Dune City", with high terrain, actually refers to the poet's idle and boring life. On the one hand, this sentence describes the present life, on the other hand, it also responds to the reasons for raising the above questions. The reason why the poet doesn't "lie high" on the sand dunes is because he misses Du Fu as a friend. The beginning of this row of poems is the complicated and depressed feelings of the poet after his love and happy life disappeared, which is produced in a sudden way. One or two sentences tend to express subjective feelings, while three or four sentences turn to the description of objective scenery. "There are ancient trees on the edge of the city, listening to autumn sounds every day." For the poet, the sand dune city in front of him seems to have nothing to see except the old trees on the edge of the city, rustling day and night in the autumn wind. "In the middle of the night, the wind and bamboo knock on the autumn rhyme, and Chiba hates it." This bleak autumn wind and sad atmosphere make the poet miss his friends and reminisce about the past, which is even more difficult for him to care about. "There is a yearning for parting, Yao Se and Jin Zun." However, here and now, this situation is extraordinary, wine can't eliminate sorrow, and songs can't forget sorrow. Lu and Qi refer to Shandong where the poet was at that time. "Don't get drunk" means that you are not interested in getting drunk. "Empty feelings", because the poet has no intention to appreciate, and can only sing sentimentality. Such rewriting will greatly increase the weight of lyricism, and at the same time, it will also force the following. Wenshui, which originated in Laiwu, Shandong, flows to the southwest. Du Fu bid farewell to Li Bai in Lu County and wanted to go to Chang 'an, which is also located in the southwest of Lu. Therefore, the poet said, "My yearning for you is like this mighty river, which follows you south day and night." The poet sends his feelings to the flowing water, takes care of the title of the poem and points out the main idea. The artistic conception of flowing water and endless lovesickness make the language enjoy a long charm. This kind of endless thoughts, as well as the kind of "green water on the horizon, green hills on the sea." "Let's meet each other, why get drunk" broad and free-spirited mind. It shows the richness of the poet's feelings and styles. In the development of China's ancient poetry, ancient style precedes metrical style. However, the prevalence of legal style also influenced the writing of ancient poetry. For example, Li Bai's five ancient poems are all eight sentences. Although the middle four sentences are not neat antithesis, the antithesis of some words and the whole format can show the traces of rhythmic poetry. This kind of composition and sentence pattern, which is correct in ancient times, better expresses the poet's pure and deep feelings and makes the whole poem have a natural and dignified style.