Poems with the same number of words, the same structure, the same meaning, related or relative.

There are two kinds of metrical poems, four-part metrical poems and parallel metrical poems (also called "long metrical poems"), and there are few parallel metrical poems, so I won't talk about them here. The four-tone rhyme requires that the first and second couplet can be right or wrong, and the middle couplet must be right. That is, the upper and lower couplets have the same number of words, the same structure and straightforward narration; A word should be flat, steady and steady. For example, Du Fu's "Shu Xiang":

Where is the temple of the famous prime minister?

In a pine forest near the Silk City.

The green grass in spring dyed the steps red,

Birds are chirping happily under the leaves.

3. Concerned about frequent world plans,

He gave his heart to two generations.

But before he conquered, he was dead,

Since then, heroes have been crying on their coats.

The two antithetical couplets in the middle (the Neck Couplet and the Peace Couplet) are "Spring grass dyes the steps, birds sing under the leaves" and "Three summonses attach importance to state affairs, and two generations are sincere". Let's analyze:

First of all, whether the number of words is equal;

Secondly, the structure is the same: every other one is opposite, and verbs and verbs are opposite; Leaf-to-leaf order, noun-to-noun, and two words together are verb-object structures. Yellow to blue is color to color; Grass is grass, animals are plants. The combination of these two words is the centering structure to the centering structure ... and the rest is the same, you analyze it. Just mention two special words: "Chao" and "Gu", one is a noun and the other is a verb, which seem incompatible, but "Chao" also means "Chao" and is a verb, that's right. This is called "anti-meaning" in antithesis, that is, although the meaning in the poem is incorrect, it can be matched with other meanings, which is also possible.

Finally, look at the leveling. Flat tone is the correspondence of tones. Note that the pronunciation of ancient Chinese and modern Chinese is different. In modern Chinese, there are four tones: even tone, rising tone, rising tone and falling tone. In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, there were four tones: flat tone, rising tone, disyllabic tone and disyllabic tone, among which flat tone was flat tone, and rising tone, disyllabic tone and disyllabic tone were four tones, indicating unevenness. In other words, there are two kinds of tones in metrical poems, which require the upper and lower couplets to be flush, that is, flush; Each sentence should be flat and alternate, that is, two words have a beat, and the flat of each beat alternates. The general rule is that "135 is undifferentiated and 246 words are distinct", that is to say, the relative words and alternate words of flat bricks are mainly based on 246 words, not 135 words. Of course, this is a general law and there are special laws, so I won't repeat them here. For example, the relationship between the two couplets in the middle of the poem is:

Ping, ping,

Very flat;

Ping, ping, ping,

Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping Pingping.

It can be seen that the word "246" is indeed flush in the sentence, and the upper and lower lines are relative. At the same time, there are even lines between the two couplets, and the 246-character even lines of two or three sentences, four or five sentences and six or seven sentences are generally the same. This is also consistent.

Finally, it is emphasized that even tones should be judged by ancient tones, not by modern tones.