After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the political line of reform and opening up was determined within the Party, and a wave of economic and political reform was set off throughout the country. Especially after the 12th National Congress of 1982, the rural areas have successively implemented the contract responsibility system of joint production, and the economic reform of cities has been further accelerated, which has truly become the first major event in China. As a result, literary creation, which is flourishing with the strong social ideological trend, has a new historical mission accordingly.
The "reform literature" in 1980s showed the writer's strong spirit of political participation. They not only unswervingly publicize the necessity and inevitability of the reform policy, but also pay more attention to criticizing the factors that are not conducive to reform in the real society, including the right-wing struggle from the ruling party and social corruption. After literature came out of the "scar", almost at the same time of "rethinking literature", the ideological trend called "reform literature" rose sharply. During the period of 1983- 1984, a large number of works describing social reform emerged, forming a small peak of creation.
I. Expectations for urban reform
1, published in 1979, is regarded as the pioneering work of "reform literature".
Qiao Guangpu: Known as a reform hero, "Director Qiao" has become synonymous with reformers.
The short story "Director Joe takes office"
Works leading the trend of "reform literature"
This is the earliest literary work that consciously "writes about the four modernizations, the resistance of the four modernizations, and the struggle to overcome the resistance". It breaks through the previous mode of "workshop literature", enlarges the field of vision from workshops and factories to the society, and reveals the difficulties and struggles of reform, as well as the changes and opportunities that have emerged. He also made great efforts to shape the heroic image of reformer Qiao Guangpu, describing his perseverance, strength, confusion and distress, the ups and downs of his emotional world and his brave attitude towards love. His distinctive personality just corresponds to the social psychology that people yearn for a resolute "hero" in the era of change, which has aroused warm praise from readers and critics for a time.
Novel series of reformers
Such as The Reformer (Zhang Zhe)
Trekker (Jiao Zuyao)
"Disaster begins with a small wall" (Shui Yunxian)
Thirty million (Yun Ke Road)
Heavy wings (Jason)
Longzhong (Zhang Xianliang)
No.5 Garden Street (Li Guowen), etc.
2. Ke Yunlu's "New Star"
The deepening of the understanding of reform has made the reform literature develop in depth. "New Star" is the representative, which once had a wide influence.
It is a political novel with outstanding significance in the history of contemporary literature in China. Nova let people generally see the true story of China's political struggle under the brilliance of idealism, and also let people familiar with politics see the authentic political operation methods. The sensation of the new star was called by overseas media as "changing some political patterns in China".
This is a novel about reformers. His works created the image of an excellent new politician, Li Xiangnan, which was a gratifying achievement in literary creation in 1980s.
The young political star met with the resistance and repression of powerful traditional conservative forces, and Li Xiangnan inevitably clashed with the bureaucratic system headed by Gu Rong, the county magistrate.
The TV series of the same name set a record for the highest ratings of TV series in China.
Jason's heavy wings
It is an award-winning work of Mao Dun Literature Award.
It is the first novel that positively reflects the social and economic system reform in China in the new period, and it is also Zhang Jie's first novel. The book has 260,000 words and more than 60 words. It has a bold structure, which not only shows the real face of real life, but also raises many philosophical questions.
Second, changes in the fate of rural figures
Brief introduction of Gao Xiaosheng
(1928- 1999) is a native of Wujin, Jiangsu. He has been writing for 50 years, including poetry (Wang), novels (called "breaking the contract" in the literary world) and dramas (the opera "Walking on a New Road" won the first prize in the East China Concert and became famous for a while). 1958 was defeated by the Rightists, and 1979 was rehabilitated before regaining power. His novels "Building a House in Li Shun" and "Chen Huansheng Entering the City" are regarded as the representative figures of rural theme reflection and reform novels. So far, 30 special collections and anthologies of novels, essays, poems, plays and creative talks have been published.
Gao Xiaosheng's "Chen Huansheng Series".
Five novels: Huo Po lay man, Chen Huansheng went to town, Chen Huansheng jumped ship, Chen Huansheng contracted production, and chen huan was born abroad.
Chen Huansheng is a hardworking and simple farmer. However, kindness and weakness, simplicity and ignorance, simplicity and ignorance, honesty and credulity, the tenacity of pursuing life and the shallowness of easy satisfaction, practicality and narrow selfishness are intertwined.
It shows the complicated spiritual phenomenon of the broad masses of peasants in China. His image is a portrait of a small producer who is in a weak position and has no autonomy. It contains rich contents, has a sense of reality and history, and is a literary model of a social phenomenon in which historical traditions and realistic changes blend.
Chen Huansheng Uptown embodies a typical narrative style of Gao Xiaosheng style. He is used to using the third-person narrative method, mainly narrative, especially good at general narrative, and rarely uses direct presentation to let the characters speak and act directly, and the language of his works basically comes from the mouth of the narrator. Its language is concise, humorous, implicit, full of emotion and rhythm. Therefore, although he adopted the traditional storytelling tone, he was not telling a story, nor was he structuring a story around a specific event, nor was he organizing a dramatic plot in which contradictions and conflicts developed step by step. Instead, the ordinary life of the characters for decades is compressed into a certain focus of life, and the theme of the characters and works is revealed through in-depth psychological exploration of the characters, which is a bit of a modern novel. In this sense, his novel narrative method is a combination of tradition and modernity.
He Shiguang's short story "Country Field"
This novel caused a sensation all over the country, and the protagonist Feng Yaoba became a household name.
The power of economic leverage pried open the stone that was pressing on my heart. Yao Feng's father, who has no worries about food and clothing, also wants to seek equal status and restore his dignity as a human being.
The new rural economic policy has liberated productive forces, liberated people's thoughts and restored people's nature, which is also the ideological significance of rural fields.
From a humble, humble and worthless person to a confident cultivator, Feng Yaoda's personality changes sharply, which seems unreasonable. In fact, after in-depth study, Yao Feng's father's transformation has profound internal logic, and bears a distinct brand of the times. The power of economic leverage pried open the stone that was pressing on my heart. Yao Feng's father, who has no worries about food and clothing, also wants to seek equal status and restore his dignity as a human being. A small dispute in the countryside pushed him to the front desk. He defended justice and spoke out his grievances.
Feng Yaoba, a typical figure, vividly shows that the party's rural economic policy has liberated the productive forces, liberated people's minds and restored people's nature, which is also the ideological significance of the rural field.
Lu Yao and Life
Lu Yao (1949— 1993)
Qingjian County, Shaanxi Province,1949 65438+February 3, was born in a poor peasant family in Qingjian County, a mountainous area in northern Shaanxi. Studying in Yanchuan county middle school, 1969 went back to his hometown to farm. I taught in a rural primary school for a year. 65438-0973 entered the Chinese Department of Yan 'an University, during which he began to create literature. After graduating from college, he was the editor-in-chief of Shaanxi Literature and Art (now along the river). /kloc-published "amazing scene" in 0/980 and won the first national excellent novella award. 1982 published the novella "Life", which was later adapted into a film and made a sensation throughout the country. 199 1 year, completed the million-word novel Ordinary World.
life
Lu Yao quoted a passage from the writer Liu Qing in his life:
Although the road of life is long and slow, only a few steps are often in jeopardy, especially when people are young.
No one's life path is straight, and there is no fork in the road. Some forks in the road, such as political fork in the road, career fork in the road, personal life fork in the road, you take a wrong step, can affect a life, can also affect a lifetime.
This passage can indeed be used as an annotation of the novel Life.
Life is a work that is often read and new, and it is a work with rich content.
Gao Jialin, a high school graduate, returned to the land, left the land, then left the land, and then returned to the land, which constituted the framework of his story. Gao Jialin's emotional entanglements with the rural girl Liu Qiaozhen and the urban girl Huang Yaping constitute the contradiction in the development of the story, and it is also a tragedy that reflects that difficult choice.
Gao Jialin is a complicated figure that the author tries to create.
The novel shows that the rural reform has aroused the young generation's yearning for a new life and their persistence in the pursuit of life, and it is a rare masterpiece in this period.