The fairy tale master worked tirelessly all his life and dedicated his genius and life to the "future generation". Until three years before his death, * * * wrote 168 fairy tales and stories. His works have been translated into more than 80 languages and characters. Andersen's fairy tales have a unique artistic style: poetic beauty and comedy humor. The former is the dominant style, which is mostly reflected in eulogistic fairy tales, while the latter is mostly reflected in satirical fairy tales.
Andersen-family background
1805 was born on April 2, 2005 in a slum in odense, Fiying Island, Denmark, and had no formal education. My father was a poor shoemaker who volunteered to resist Napoléon Bonaparte's aggression and died in 18 16. My mother is a laundryman and remarried soon. Andersen was tortured by poverty since he was a child. He was an apprentice in several shops and had no formal education. When I was a teenager, I became interested in the stage and dreamed of becoming a singer, actor or playwright.
Andersen-Chronology of Characters
1805 was born on April 2nd, 2005 in the slum of odense, Feiying Island.
181611My father died at the age of 0.
18 19 became a small role in the Royal Theatre in Copenhagen. Later, I was fired because of the wet voice. From then on, I began to learn to write, but the script I wrote was completely unsuitable for performance and was not adopted by the theater.
1822 sponsored by drama director Jonas Colin, attended a grammar school in Lehrer. This year, he wrote a book, The Attempt of Youth, which was published under the pseudonym of William Christian Walter. This pen name includes the names of william shakespeare, Andersen himself and Scott.
1August, 822, published a collection of works, including poems, plays and stories. This collection was not published because of its humble origins, but it attracted the attention of some people in the cultural circle. 10 In June, he entered a middle school missionary school to supplement his culture, studied for six years, and felt painful about his own educational methods; However, in the past six years, I have read many famous books, practiced writing poems and practicing writing plays.
1827 left school and returned to Copenhagen. The published poems were praised by high-level critics and inspired Andersen's confidence in writing. Published the first poem "Dying Children".
1829 He entered the University of Copenhagen to study. His first important works, 1828 and 1829 from the Hollmen Canal to the eastern corner of Amir Island, were published in 1829. This is a travel story with a good sense of humor, quite in the style of German writer Hoffman. The publication of this travel book made Andersen get the initial recognition from the society. After that, he continued to engage in drama creation. The first edition is sold out. The publisher immediately bought the second edition on generous terms, so Andersen got rid of the oppression of hunger. The comedy Love on the nikolayev Tower was staged at the Royal Opera House. In the same year, the first book of poetry was published.
The first love failed at 1830. Start a trip; The second book of poetry was published.
183 1 year, he traveled to Germany and wrote travel notes on his way home. 1833, he went to Italy and wrote a poetic drama "Gretel and the Mermaid" and a novel "Impromptu Poet" set in Italy (1835). Shortly after its publication, the novel was translated into German and English, marking the beginning of the author's international reputation. Drawing on the popular elements in folklore and imagination, he created the Little Match Girl, the Ugly Duckling, the Emperor's New Clothes and other works. Some stories show optimistic belief that goodness and beauty will prevail, while others are very pessimistic and have extremely unfortunate endings. His stories are very attractive, partly because they sympathize with the unfortunate people and vagrants. He also wrote plays, novels, poems, travel notes and several autobiographies.
At the age of 30, 1835 began to write fairy tales, and published the first collection of fairy tales, with only 6 1 page pamphlets, including four articles: Light Box, Little Klaus and Big Klaus, Princess on Pea and Little Flower. His works have not received unanimous praise. Some people even thought that he had no talent for writing fairy tales and suggested that he give up, but Andersen said, "This is my immortal work!" " "
1844, wrote an autobiographical work "Ugly Duckling".
1846 wrote about the little match girl.
1970' s longest work, Lucky Belle, with more than 70,000 words, is based on her own life experience, but it is not entirely an autobiography.
1867 was elected as an honorary citizen by his hometown of odense.
1in the early morning of August 4th, 875 1 1, died of liver cancer in a friend's country house. The funeral was extremely tragic, at the age of 70. [ 1]
Andersen-Love Story
1833, he went to Italy and wrote a poetic drama "Gretel and the Mermaid" and a novel "Impromptu Poet" set in Italy (1835). Shortly after its publication, the novel was translated into German and English, marking the beginning of the author's international reputation. Drawing on the popular elements in folklore and imagination, he created the Little Match Girl, the Ugly Duckling, the Emperor's New Clothes and other works. Some stories show optimistic belief that goodness and beauty will prevail, while others are very pessimistic and have extremely unfortunate endings. His stories are very attractive, partly because they sympathize with the unfortunate people and vagrants. He also wrote plays, novels, poems, travel notes and several autobiographies.
At the age of 30, 1835 began to write fairy tales, and published the first collection of fairy tales, with only 6 1 page pamphlets, including four articles: Light Box, Little Klaus and Big Klaus, Princess on Pea and Little Flower. His works have not received unanimous praise. Some people even thought that he had no talent for writing fairy tales and suggested that he give up, but Andersen said, "This is my immortal work!" " "
1844, wrote an autobiographical work "Ugly Duckling".
1846 wrote about the little match girl.
1970' s longest work, Lucky Belle, with more than 70,000 words, is based on her own life experience, but it is not entirely an autobiography.
1867 was elected as an honorary citizen by his hometown of odense.
1in the early morning of August 4th, 875 1 1, died of liver cancer in a friend's country house. The funeral was extremely tragic, at the age of 70. [ 1]
Andersen-Love Story
1833, he went to Italy and wrote a poetic drama "Gretel and the Mermaid" and a novel "Impromptu Poet" set in Italy (1835). Shortly after its publication, the novel was translated into German and English, marking the beginning of the author's international reputation. Drawing on the popular elements in folklore and imagination, he created the Little Match Girl, the Ugly Duckling, the Emperor's New Clothes and other works. Some stories show optimistic belief that goodness and beauty will prevail, while others are very pessimistic and have extremely unfortunate endings. His stories are very attractive, partly because they sympathize with the unfortunate people and vagrants. He also wrote plays, novels, poems, travel notes and several autobiographies.
At the age of 30, 1835 began to write fairy tales, and published the first collection of fairy tales, with only 6 1 page pamphlets, including four articles: Light Box, Little Klaus and Big Klaus, Princess on Pea and Little Flower. His works have not received unanimous praise. Some people even thought that he had no talent for writing fairy tales and suggested that he give up, but Andersen said, "This is my immortal work!" " "
1844, wrote an autobiographical work "Ugly Duckling".
1846 wrote about the little match girl.
1970' s longest work, Lucky Belle, with more than 70,000 words, is based on her own life experience, but it is not entirely an autobiography.
1867 was elected as an honorary citizen by his hometown of odense.
1in the early morning of August 4th, 875 1 1, died of liver cancer in a friend's country house. The funeral was extremely tragic, at the age of 70. [ 1]
Andersen-Love Story
1833, he went to Italy and wrote a poetic drama "Gretel and the Mermaid" and a novel "Impromptu Poet" set in Italy (1835). Shortly after its publication, the novel was translated into German and English, marking the beginning of the author's international reputation. Drawing on the popular elements in folklore and imagination, he created the Little Match Girl, the Ugly Duckling, the Emperor's New Clothes and other works. Some stories show optimistic belief that goodness and beauty will prevail, while others are very pessimistic and have extremely unfortunate endings. His stories are very attractive, partly because they sympathize with the unfortunate people and vagrants. He also wrote plays, novels, poems, travel notes and several autobiographies.
At the age of 30, 1835 began to write fairy tales, and published the first collection of fairy tales, with only 6 1 page pamphlets, including four articles: Light Box, Little Klaus and Big Klaus, Princess on Pea and Little Flower. His works have not received unanimous praise. Some people even thought that he had no talent for writing fairy tales and suggested that he give up, but Andersen said, "This is my immortal work!" " "
1844, wrote an autobiographical work "Ugly Duckling".
1846 wrote about the little match girl.
1970' s longest work, Lucky Belle, with more than 70,000 words, is based on her own life experience, but it is not entirely an autobiography.
1867 was elected as an honorary citizen by his hometown of odense.
1in the early morning of August 4th, 875 1 1, died of liver cancer in a friend's country house. The funeral was extremely tragic, at the age of 70. [ 1]
Andersen/Kloc-0 went to Italy in 0/833 and wrote a poetic drama "Gretel and the Mermaid" and a novel "Impromptu Poet" set in Italy (1835). Shortly after its publication, the novel was translated into German and English, marking the beginning of the author's international reputation. Drawing on the popular elements in folklore and imagination, he created the Little Match Girl, the Ugly Duckling, the Emperor's New Clothes and other works. Some stories show optimistic belief that goodness and beauty will prevail, while others are very pessimistic and have extremely unfortunate endings. His stories are very attractive, partly because they sympathize with the unfortunate people and vagrants. He also wrote plays, novels, poems, travel notes and several autobiographies.
At the age of 30, 1835 began to write fairy tales, and published the first collection of fairy tales, with only 6 1 page pamphlets, including four articles: Light Box, Little Klaus and Big Klaus, Princess on Pea and Little Flower. His works have not received unanimous praise. Some people even thought that he had no talent for writing fairy tales and suggested that he give up, but Andersen said, "This is my immortal work!" " "
1844, wrote an autobiographical work "Ugly Duckling".
1846 wrote about the little match girl.
1970' s longest work, Lucky Belle, with more than 70,000 words, is based on her own life experience, but it is not entirely an autobiography.
1867 was elected as an honorary citizen by his hometown of odense.
1in the early morning of August 4th, 875 1 1, died of liver cancer in a friend's country house. The funeral was extremely tragic, at the age of 70. [ 1]
Andersen-Love Story
Andersen never married for life, not that he didn't want to get married, but that no one could get married. Lipol
Young Andersen fell in love with Libo, the most beautiful girl in town, for the first time. Andersen and Libor were childhood friends, but because of poverty and long separation, Libor had to marry someone else. It is said that Andersen also worked with a man named Bao Li. Vogt's aristocratic family had an affair. Although I moved my heart, after several weighing, I still claimed to him that I belonged to someone else. Andersen had to feel ashamed and quit.
Yan Ni Linde
The second time, Andersen met Yan Ni Linde, a famous Swedish female singer who performed for the Danish royal family. That was at 1843. Andersen was fascinated by the Swedish nightingale Linde, who also warmly received the famous writer. A pair of talented people and beautiful women talked happily and became bosom friends. On Christmas Eve, Linde found Andersen, helped him light the Christmas tree, and said to him intimately, "I hope to have a brother here in Copenhagen. Will you be my brother? " Therefore, Andersen was cheated. He didn't know this would happen, let alone that when Linde introduced him, she would say "This is my best brother". Once, what Linde entrusted Andersen to do was forgotten by him. He asked hesitantly, "Honey, you must hate me very much, right?" The answer is: "no, how can I hate you?" To hate, you must have love first. "
Louise
The third time, Andersen asked the patron's daughter Louise. Colin pursued that although Louise was infatuated with him and waited for him to propose, the gap in family status was insurmountable. Her brother, Edward, Vice Minister of Justice, has never condescended to treat Andersen equally with the nickname "you" during his years of contact with Antoine, let alone let such a humble "upper-class intruder" become his brother-in-law.
Andersen's works brought him great honor. He found bosom friends among his peers, such as Dickens and Hugo. Everyone remembers Andersen's words: "As long as you are a swan egg, it doesn't matter even if you hatch in a duck pen." But white swans are also fed by children throwing bread and biscuits, and geniuses and masters also need real love and warmth to nourish them. Andersen got nothing. He was depressed all his life, lonely and old, disappointed and depressed, and even decadent to seek relief by dying. In his fairy tales, Andersen also satirized the aristocratic class, attacked the family concept, and mercilessly mocked the greed and stupidity of the world, which made the upper class wary of him. In the eyes of the nobles who opened the door to accept him, he is still not my race. The fame and fortune that flocked to him just gave him an illusory hope. [2]
Andersen-childhood
Danish fairy tale writer Andersen lives in odense, a small town on Fuen Island, where many nobles and landlords live. Andersen's father was just a poor shoemaker, his mother was a washerwoman, and his grandmother sometimes begged to support her family. Those aristocratic landlords were afraid of degrading themselves and did not allow their children to play with Andersen.
The father was very angry when he saw it, but he didn't show it in front of the children. Instead, he said to Andersen very easily: "Son, others don't play with you, come and play with you!"
Andersen's home is simple enough. There is only a small room. The narrow space is full of broken stools and rotten beds, leaving little room for children to move. However, it is such a shabby hut that my father decorated it like a small museum. There are many paintings and decorative porcelain hanging on the wall, some toys on the windowsill cabinet, and books and songs on the bookshelf. Even on the door glass, I drew a landscape painting ... My father often told Andersen stories about ancient Arabia, such as Arabian Nights, and sometimes read him plays by Danish comedian Holberg. The stories in these books make little Andersen deep in thought, and he often can't help but take out the puppets carved by his father in the window and perform according to the stories. This did not satisfy him. He also sewed small clothes for puppets with rags, dressed them up as poor beggars, neglected poor children and aristocratic landlords who bullied the people, and made up puppet shows according to his actual life experiences. In order to broaden children's horizons and enrich children's spiritual world, parents agreed and encouraged Andersen to take to the streets to see the life of glib businessmen, craftsmen buried in their jobs, hunched old beggars, nobles riding horses, hypocritical mayors, priests and others, and gain various perceptual experiences.
Andersen was unable to go to school because of his poor family, and he was an apprentice in a woolen shop in his early years. 18 19, Andersen, who wanted to be an actor, came to Copenhagen alone and worked as a handyman at the Royal Theatre. Later, with the help of some enthusiastic artists, he realized his dream of going to school. While studying, he began to create literature and wrote a lot of poems, plays, novels and travel notes, but his real talent was shown in the creation of fairy tales. He wrote 168 fairy tales in his life and became one of the most famous fairy tales in the world.
In his later writing career, Andersen was able to write fairy tales such as The Little Match Girl, The Ugly Duckling and The Gatekeeper's Son. Sympathizing with the sufferings of the working people and condemning and lashing the greed and cruelty of the ruling class are closely related to his childhood life experience.
Other personal information: Andersen, who grew up in a dilapidated attic, is unattractive and withdrawn. He doesn't like playing with other children Instead, he shut himself in, read many fairy tales and made clothes for his doll. This self-enclosed character brought him precocious mind and melancholy personality. Although his appearance is gloomy, his heart is always hot and pure. From his works, we can see that he is a man with childlike innocence and always full of confidence in human nature. In the memory of the same generation, "ugly, sad, indifferent and embarrassed." Is the truest portrayal of him. Andersen has never been married, and his sexual orientation has been discussed by many literary researchers. In fact, Andersen's spirit in his life is very unstable. He has an uncontrollable passion for the opposite sex and is very sensitive to love and sex. He suffers from severe paranoia and often falls into the illusion that he is dead. He took a rope with him in case of escape in case of fire, and he was extremely afraid of places like wilderness. Throughout his life, he was a combination of darkness and light, melancholy and innocence, fire and swamp. A famous commentator thinks he is a strange and rare frog. Andersen-Fairy Tale Creation
The first phase (1835- 1844)
His first fairy tale (for children), including Light Box, Little Klaus and Big Klaus, Princess on the Pea and Little Flower, was published in the spring of 1835. After the publication of the first romantic fairy tale with strong local flavor in Children's Tales, Denmark was carrying out the Romantic movement headed by the poet Errens Leger. Andersen was different from the romantics at that time. His imaginative and lively style is not flashy at all, but full of strong local flavor. 1837, two stories were added to this episode, which were compiled into the collection of fairy tales 1. The second volume was completed in 1842. Representative works of this issue: Thumbelina, The King's New Clothes and The Little Mermaid.
Phase II (1845- 1852)
New Fairy Tales-Turning to Strict Realism-Andersen's works in this period turned from rich romanticism to strict realism, calling themselves "new fairy tales", which not only attracted young readers, but also attracted adults-and made them think deeply. Representative works of this issue: Little Match Girl, Mother's Story and Shadow.
The third issue (1852- 1873)
The new story-the connotation is compressed to the scope of a simple "story". At this time, Andersen's novels directly describe real life. Although their writing still retains the characteristics of fairy tales and their fantasies are quite rich, their life experiences are deeper and their ideological horizons are broader. Sometimes prose poems are written in the form of fairy tales. Representative works of this period: The Story on the Dune, Tree Essence and Lucky Beauty.
Andersen-Interpretation of Fairy Tales Andersen's fairy tales reflect the democratic tradition and realistic tendency in Danish literature. His best fairy tales are well known, and today they are told by many adults and children all over the world. Some fairy tales, such as The Little Match Girl, The Ugly Duckling and The Gatekeeper's Son, not only depict the miserable life of the poor, but also are full of romantic feelings and fantasies. Because the author was born in poverty, he deeply felt the inequality between the rich and the poor and the law of the jungle. Therefore, on the one hand, he enthusiastically praised the working people, sympathized with the unfortunate poor, and praised their noble qualities such as kindness and purity with sincere brushwork; On the other hand, he angrily lashed the cruel, greedy, weak and stupid reactionary ruling class and exploiters, exposed the ugly behavior of church monks and the bad habits of the people, and spared no effort to criticize the ugly phenomenon of society. "The Emperor's New Clothes" satirizes the fatuity and incompetence of the emperor and the gaffes of courtiers. The Nightingale and The Princess and the Pea mocked the ignorance and fragility of the nobility. In his last work, The Gardener and the Master, he also made great efforts to create a true patriot image, which reflected the author's unswerving patriotism.
Some of Andersen's fairy tales, especially some of his later works, also show his ideological limitations. Although he showed full sympathy for the poor, he couldn't find a way out of his misfortune. He looked at the world with sad eyes and showed negative emotions. He believes that God is the embodiment of truth, goodness and beauty, and can lead people to "happiness". In his works, he preached morality, Christian fraternity and the spirit of tolerance and reconciliation.
Andersen's fairy tales are closely related to folk literature, inheriting and carrying forward the simple and fresh style of folk literature. Most of his early works were based on folk stories, and many folk songs and legends were quoted in his later works.
In terms of genre and writing techniques, Andersen's works are diversified, including fairy tales and short stories; There are fables and poems; It is suitable for children to read and adults to enjoy. His artistic images, such as naked emperor, determined tin soldier, Thumbelina, ugly duckling and red shoes, have become allusions in European languages.
As far as language style is concerned, Andersen is a very creative writer. In his works, he used the daily spoken language of the lower class people in Denmark and the structure of folk stories. The language is vivid, natural, fluent and beautiful, full of strong local flavor. 、
Andersen-Major Works
long novel
Impromptu poet (1835)
Aote (1836)
Just a violinist (1837)
Two baroness (1848)
"Born? Death "(1857)
Lucky people (1870)
drama
Poetic drama Afsol (1822)
Love in the Bell Tower of St. Nicholas Church (1829)
Opera The Bride of Lammermore (1832)
Opera crow (1832)
Poetic drama The Mermaid in Gernat (1834)
Light Music Parting and Meeting (1835)
Opera The God of Sprue (1839)
Half-blood (1840)
Daughter of Moors (1840)
Andersen's Flower of Happiness (1844)
One-act poetic drama "The King's Dream" (1844)
Birds in pear trees (1845)
Little Kirsten (1846)
Wedding by the Como River (1848)
Four-act comedy more precious than jewelry (1850)
Nordic Opera Goddess (1850)
New real estate (1850)
Sandman (1850)
Comedy Guerder Moore (185 1)
The comedy Old Mother (185 1)
Comedy Born Not Noble (1863)
The comedy Long Bridge (1863)
Spanish guests in three acts (1865)
One-act drama "Newcomer"
Night in Roskilda
Travel in Sweden (185 1)
Scenery of Spain (1863)
Visit to Portugal (1866)
autobiography
Biography (1832)
The true story of my life (1847)
My Fairy Tale Life (1855)
poetic sentiment
Collection of Poetry I (1829)
Poetry Collection II (1830)
Fantasy and Reality (1830)
Twelve months of a year (1832)